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KS4 Communicable Disease > Communicable Disease > Flashcards

Communicable Disease Flashcards

1
Q

Give an example of a pathogen

A

Bacteria, virus or fungi

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2
Q

Do all bacteria cause disease?

A

No, some are useful e.g. gut bacteria

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3
Q

Do all viruses cause disease?

A

Yes

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4
Q

Do all fungi cause disease?

A

No, some are useful e.g. yeast in bread making

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5
Q

What type of microorganism causes measles

A

Virus

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6
Q

What type of microorganism causes HIV?

A

Virus

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7
Q

What type of microorganism causes salmonella?

A

Bacteria

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8
Q

What type of microorganism causes gonorrhoea?

A

Bacteria

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9
Q

Can measles be treated with antibiotics?

A

No, it is caused by a virus

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10
Q

Which is bigger, a bacteria or a virus?

A

Bacteria

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11
Q

How can gonorrhoea be prevented?

A

Avoiding unprotected sex

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12
Q

What is meant by a disease that is communicable?

A

A disease that can be spread between living things

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13
Q

How can pathogens be spread?

A

By air, direct contact and water

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14
Q

How can you sterile an inoculating loop when culturing bacteria?

A

Heat (in a Bunsen burner)

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15
Q

Why do we avoid incubating bacterial cultures at 37C in school?

A

To avoid the fast growth of bacteria at body temperature

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16
Q

Why do we not seal agar plates containing bacteria all the way round?

A

To allow oxygen to enter the plate and aerobic bacteria to grow

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17
Q

What is a pathogen

A

A microorganism, bacteria, virus or fungi, that causes disease

18
Q

What type of drugs kill bacteria?

A

Antibiotics

19
Q

Do antibiotics kill viruses?

A

No

20
Q

Why do antibiotics not treat viruses?

A

Viruses have no cell wall

21
Q

What conclusion did Semmelweis make about preventing the spread of infections

A

Hand washing is essential

22
Q

What is in a vaccine?

A

Dead or weakened pathogens

23
Q

What type of organism causes malaria?

A

Protist

24
Q

What is the most effective prevention against malaria?

A

Mosquito net

25
Q

How is malaria passed from person to person?

A

Mosquito bites

26
Q

How does your body prevent pathogens from entering it?

A

Skin
Nasal hair and mucus
Cilia in the trachea
Acid in the stomach

27
Q

List three ways in which your white blood cells destroy pathogens

A

Phagocytosis
Production of antibodies
Production of antitoxins

28
Q

What type of cell produce antibodies

A

White blood cells

29
Q

What does your stomach produce to destroy microorganisms?

A

Acid

30
Q

What is your trachea covered in to trap microorganisms?

A

Cilia

31
Q

What is found on the surface of pathogens that provokes an immune response?

A

Antigens

32
Q

Why don’t vaccines make you ill?

A

The pathogen is dead or weakened

33
Q

What are painkillers used for?

A

To reduce pain

34
Q

Can painkillers be used to treat a communicable disease?

A

No

35
Q

Who discovers penicillin?

A

Sir Alexander Fleming

36
Q

What type of drug is penicillin?

A

Antibiotic

37
Q

How do antibiotics work?

A

Destroy bacterial cell walls
Prevent DNA replication
Prevent protein synthesis

38
Q

What is a placebo

A

A dummy pill used in drug trials to compare the effects of a drug to

39
Q

What is a double blind trial?

A

A drug trial that compares a drug to a placebo in which neither the patient or the medical staff know who has which one

40
Q

What does efficacy mean?

A

Effectiveness

41
Q

What is meant by toxicity?

A

Poisonousness, side effects

KS4 Communicable Disease (1 decks)

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