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HLTH 1981 > Commonly Used Prefixes of Position, Number and Measurement, and Direction > Flashcards

Commonly Used Prefixes of Position, Number and Measurement, and Direction Flashcards

1
Q

endo- (prefixes of position)

A

in, within. Ex. Endocrine: secrete within. Endocrine describes a gland that secretes directly into the bloodstream.

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2
Q

intra- (prefixes of position)

A

in, within. Ex. Intramuscular: within the muscle.

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3
Q

epi- (prefixes of position)

A

above, upon. Ex. Epidermis: upon the skin. The epidermis is the outer layer of the skin.

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4
Q

hypo- (prefixes of position)

A

under, below; deficient. Ex. Hypodermic: pertaining to under the skin. Hypodermic needles are used for subcutaneous injections and to take fluid samples from the body, for example, taking blood from a vein in venipuncture.

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5
Q

infra- (prefixes of position)

A

under, below. Ex. Infracostal: below the ribs.

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6
Q

sub- (prefixes of position)

A

under, below. Ex. Subcutaneous: pertaining to under the skin. The subcutaneous tissue is the lowest layer of skin. It binds the dermis to underlying structures.

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7
Q

inter- (prefixes of position)

A

between. Ex. Intercostal: between the ribs.

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8
Q

retro- (prefixes of position)

A

backward, behind. Ex. Retroversion: turning backward. Retroversion refers to tipping backward of an organ (such as the uterus) from its normal position.

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9
Q

bi- (prefixes of number and measurement)

A

two. Ex. Bilateral: pertaining to two sides.

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10
Q

dipl- (prefixes of number and measurement)

A

double. Ex. Diplopia: double vision.

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11
Q

diplo- (prefixes of number and measurement)

A

double. Ex. Diplobacteria: bacteria linked together in pairs.

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12
Q

hemi- (prefixes of number and measurement)

A

one-half. Ex. Hemiplegia: Paralysis on one-half. Hemiplegia is a paralysis of one-half of the body, either the right side or the left side.

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13
Q

hyper- (prefixes of number and measurement)

A

excessive, above normal. Ex. Hypercalcemia: excessive calcium in the blood.

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14
Q

macro- (prefixes of number and measurement)

A

large. Ex. Macrocyte: large cell.

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15
Q

micro- (prefixes of number and measurement)

A

small. Ex. Microscope: instrument for examining small (objects).

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16
Q

mono- (prefixes of number and measurement)

A

one. Ex. Monotherapy: one treatment. An example of monotherapy is a treatment using only a single drug or a single treatment modality.

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17
Q

uni- (prefixes of number and measurement)

A

one. Ex. Uninuclear: pertaining to one nucleus.

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18
Q

multi- (prefixes of number and measurement)

A

many, much. Ex. Multigravida: woman who has been pregnant more than once.

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19
Q

poly- (prefixes of number and measurement)

A

many, much. Ex. Polyphobia: fear of many things.

20
Q

quadri- (prefixes of number and measurement)

A

four. Ex. Quadriplegia: paralysis of four. Quadriplegia is a paralysis of all four extremities, usually caused by an injury to or disease of the cervical spinal cord.

21
Q

tri- (prefixes of number and measurement)

A

three. Ex. Triceps: three heads. Triceps describe a muscle having three heads or points of origin.

22
Q

ab- (prefixes of direction)

A

from, away from. Ex. Abduction: movement of limb away from (the body). Abduction is a body movement away from the midline or axis of the body.

23
Q

ad- (prefixes of direction)

A

toward. Ex. Adduction: movement of limb toward (the body). Abduction is a body movement toward the midline or axis of the body.

24
Q

circum- (prefixes of direction)

A

around. Ex. Circumrenal: pertaining to around the kidney.

25
Q

peri- (prefixes of direction)

A

around. Ex. Periodontal: pertaining to around a tooth.

26
Q

dia- (prefixes of direction)

A

through, across. Ex. Diarrhea: flow through. Diarrhea is a condition of abnormally frequent discharge or flow of fluid fecal matter through the bowel.

27
Q

trans- (prefixes of direction)

A

through, across. Ex. Transvaginal: pertaining to across or through the vagina.

28
Q

ecto- (prefixes of direction)

A

outside, outward. Ex. Ectogenous: forming outside (the body or structure). An ectogenous infection is one that originates outside of the body.

29
Q

exo- (prefixes of direction)

A

outside, outward. Ex. Exotropia: turning outward. Exotropia refers to the turning outward of the eyes.

30
Q

extra- (prefixes of direction)

A

outside, outward. Ex. Extracranial: pertaining to the outside of the skull.

31
Q

para-* (prefixes of direction)

A

near, beside; beyond. Ex. Paranasal: beside the nose. *Para- may also be used as a suffix meaning to bear (offspring).

32
Q

super- (prefixes of direction)

A

upper, above. Ex. Superior: pertaining to above or the upper part of a structure.

33
Q

supra- (prefixes of direction)

A

above; excessive; superior. Ex. Suprarenal: pertaining to above the kidney.

34
Q

ultra- (prefixes of direction)

A

excess, beyond. Ex. Ultrasonic: pertaining to sound beyond (that which can be heard by the human ear).

35
Q

a-* (other common prefixes)

A

without, not. Ex. Amastia: without a breast. Amastia may be a result of a congenital defect, an endocrine disorder, or mastectomy. *The prefix a- is usually used before a consonant.

36
Q

an-* (other common prefixes)

A

without, not. Ex. Anesthesia: without feeling. Anesthesia may be partial or complete loss of sensation with or without loss of consciousness. *The prefix an- is usually used before a vowel.

37
Q

anti- (other common prefixes)

A

against. Ex. Antibacterial: against bacteria. Antibacterials are substances that kill bacteria or inhibit their growth of replication.

38
Q

contra- (other common prefixes)

A

against. Ex. Contraception: against conceiving.

39
Q

auto- (other common prefixes)

A

self, own. Ex. Autograft: transplantation to self. An autograft is tissue transplanted from one site and grafted to another site of the same person.

40
Q

brady- (other common prefixes)

A

slow. Ex. Bradycardia: slow heart rate.

41
Q

dys- (other common prefixes)

A

bad; painful; difficult. Ex. Dystocia: difficult childbirth.

42
Q

eu- (other common prefixes)

A

good, normal. Ex. Eupnea: normal breathing.

43
Q

hetero- (other common prefixes)

A

different. Ex. Heterograft: different transplantation; also called xenograft. A heterograft is a transplant from one species to another.

44
Q

homo- (other common prefixes)

A

same. Ex. Homograft: same transplantation. A homograft, also called an allograft, is a graft of tissue or an organ taken from a donor of the same species as the recipient, such as the kidneys, lungs and heart.

45
Q

homeo- (other common prefixes)

A

same. Ex. Homeoplasia: formation or growth of same (or similar tissue).

46
Q

tachy- (other common prefixes)

A

rapid. Ex. Tachypnea: rapid breathing.

HLTH 1981 (3 decks)

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