Common Words Appendix C Flashcards
Decorum
Appropriateness of behavior or conduct; Propriety
Deference
Respect; Courtesy
Deride
To mock or laugh at someone, treat with contempt
Dessicate
To dry out thorougly
Desultory
Jumping from one thing to another, disconnected
Diatribe
An abusive, condemnatory speech
Diffident
Lacking self-confidence, shy
Dilate
Become wider, make bigger, to expand
Dilatory
Intentionally delaying
Dilettenate
A person who takes up an art or activity just for amusement or superficial reasons
Disparate
Fundamentally different, completely unlike
Dissemble
To present a false appearance; to hide one’ true intentions
Dissonance
A harsh or disagreeable combination, often of sounds
Dogma
A firmly held opinion; a religious belief
Dogmatic
Dictatorial in one’s opinion
dupe
to deceive; a person who is easily deceived
Dirge
A funeral hymn, mournful song or poem
Disabuse
To get rid of someone’s false knowledge
Discern
To perceive, recognize
Eclectic
Selecting from or made up of a variety of sources
Efficacy
Effectiveness
Elegy
A sorrowful poem or speech
Eloquent
Persuasive or moving, especially in speech
Emulate
To copy, to try to equal or excel
Enervate
To reduce in strength or energy
Engender
To produce, cause or bring about
Enigma
A riddle or mystery
Enumerate
To count, list or itemize
Ephemeral
Lasting a short time
Equivocal
Open to more than one interpretations; misleading
Equivocate
To use expressions of doble meanings in order to mislead
Erratic
Unpredictable and wandering
Erudite
Learned, scholarly or bookish
Esoteric
Known or understood by only a few
Estimable
Admirable
Eulogy
A speech in praise of someone
Euphemism
Use of an inoffensive word or phrase in place of a more distasteful one
Exacerbate
To make worse
Exculpate
To clear from blame, prove innocent
Exigent
Urgent, requiring immediate action
Exonerate
To clear of blame
Explicit
Clearly stated or shown, forthright in expression
Fanatical
acting excessively enthusiastic; filled with extreme, unquestioned devotion
Fawn
Giving someone too much attention to gain favors or forgiveness
Fervid
Intensely emotional, feverish
Florid
Excessively decorated or embellished
Foment
To arouse or incite, to stir up something
Frugality
Tendency to be thrifty or cheap
Garrulous
Tending to talk a lot
Gregarious
Outgoing, sociable
Guile
Deceit, trickery
Gullible
Easily deceived
Homogenous
Of a similar kind
Iconoclast
Someone who opposes established beliefs, customs or institutions
Imperturbable
Not capable of being disturbed
Impervious
Incapable of being penetrated, incapable of being affected
Impetuous
Quick to act without thinking
Implacabele
Unable to be calmed down or made peaceful
Inchoate
Not fully formed, disorganized
Ingenuous
Showing innocence or childlike simplicity
Inimical
Hostile or unfriendly
Innocuous
Harmless
Insipid
Lacking interest or flavor
Intransigent
Uncompromised, refusing to be reconciled
Inundate
To overwhelm; cover with water
Irascible
Easily made angry
Laconic
Using few words
Lament
To express sorrow, grieve
Laud
To give praise, to glorify
Lavish
to give unsparingly (v); extremely generous or extravagant (adj)
Lethargic
Acting in an indifferent, slow or sluggish manner
Loquacious
Talkative
Lucid
Clear and easily understood
Luminous
Bright, brilliant and glowing
Malinger
To evade responsibility by pretending to be ill
Malleable
Capable of being shaped
Metaphor
A figure of speech comparing two different things; a symbol
Meticulous
Extremely careful about the details
Misanthrope
A person who dislikes others
Mitigate
To soften, to lessen
Mollify
To calm or make less severe
Monotony
Lack of variation
Naive
Lackung sophistication or experience
Obdurate
Hardened in feeling or resistant to persuasion
Obsequious
Overly submissive and eager to please
Obstinate
Stubborn and unyielding
Obviate
To prevent, to make unnecessary
Occlude
To stop up, to prevent the passage of
Onerous
Troublesome and oppressive; burdensome
Opaque
Impossible to see through, preventing the passage of light; not clearly understood or expressed
Opprobrium
Public digrace
Ostentation
Excessive showiness
Paradox
A contradiction or dilemma
Paragon
A model of excellence or perfection
Pedant
Someone who shows off learning
Perfidious
Willing to betray one’s trust
Perfunctory
Done in a routine way; Indifferent
Permeate
To penetrate
Philanthropy
Charity, a desire or an effort to promote goodness
Placate
To soothe or pacify
Plastic
Able to be molded, altered or bent
Plethora
Excess
Pragmatic
Practical, as opposed to idealistic
Precipitate
Hasty or rash, cause to happen
To throw violently or bring about abruptly; lacking deliberation
Prevaricate
To lie or deviate from the truth
Pristine
Fresh and clean, uncorrupted
Prodigal
Lavish and wasteful
Proliferate
To increase in number quickly
Prolific
Abundantly fruitful; intellectually productive
Propitiate
To conciliate; to appease
Propriety
Correct behavior; obedience to rules and customs
Prudent
Wisdom, caution or restraint
Pungent
Sharp and irritating to the senses
Quiescent
Motionless
Rarefy
To make thinner or sparser
Repudiate
To reject the validity of
Reticent
Silent, Reserved
Rhetoric
Effective writing or speaking
Satiate
To satisfy fully or overindulge
Soporific
Causing sleep or lethargy
Specious
Deceptively attractive; seemingly plausible but fallacious
Stigma
A mark of shame or discredit
Stolid
Unemotional, lacking sensitivity
Sublime
Lofty or grand
Tacit
Done without using words.
Taciturn
Silent, not talkative
Tirade
Long, harsh speech or verbal attack
Torpor
Extreme mental or physical sluggishness
Transitory
Temporary, lasting a short time
Vacillate
To sway physically, to be indecisive
Venerate
To respect deeply
Veracity
Filled with truth and accuracy
Verbose
Wordy
Vex
To annoy
Volatile
Easily aroused or changeable; lively and explosive
Waver
To fluctuate between choices
Whimsical
Acting in a fanciful or capricious manner; unpredictable
Zeal
Passion; excitement
Abate
To reduce or lessen
Abscond
To leave secretly
Abstain
To choose not to do something
Abyss
An extremely deep hole
Adulterate
To make impure
Advocate
To speak in favor of
Aesthetic
Concerning the appreciation of beauty
Aggrandize
To exaggerate, to increase in power, fame or reputation
Alleviate
To make more bearable
Amalgamate
To combine, mix together
Ambiguous
doubtful or uncertain, able to be interpreted in a number of ways
Ameliorate
To make better, improve
Anachronism
Being out of it’s time
Analogous
Similar or alike in some way, equivalent to
Anomaly
A deviation from normal
Antagonize
To provoke, annoy or to anger
Antipathy
Extreme dislike
Apathy
Lack of interest or emotion
Arbitrate
To judge a dispute between two opposing parties
Archaic
Ancient, old-fashioned
Ardor
Intense and passionate feeling
Articulate
Able to speak clearly and expressively
Assuage
To make something unpleasant less severe
Attenuate
To weaken or make thinner
Audacious
Fearless and daring
Austere
Simple and ascetic; harsh in manner
Banal
Predictable, cliche, boring
Bolster
To strengthen or support
Bombastic
Over acting, pompous in speech or manner
Cacophony
A harsh or unpleasant noise
Candid
Impartial, natural and honest in speech
Capricious
Changing one’s mind quickly and often
Castigate
To punish or reprimand harshly
Catalyst
Something that brins about a change in something else
Caustic
Burning, biting in wit or nature
Chaos
Great disorder or confusion
Chauvinist
Over patriotic, biased to a particular group one belongs
Chicanery
Deception by means of craft and guile
Cogent
Logical, convincing and well-reasoned
Condone
To overlook, pardon or disregard
Convoluted
Twisted and complicted
Corroborate
To provide evidence to support to shed any doubt
Credulous
Easily trusts other people, gullible
Crescendo
Steadily increasing in volume or force
Venality
Condition of being susceptible to bribes or corruption
Maintain
To assert
Galvanize
To excite or inspire someone to take action
Profligate
Spending resources recklessly or wastefully
Betray
To reveal or make known something, usually unintentionally
Acrimony
Bitterness and ill-will
Involved
Complicated and difficult to comprehend
Auspicious
Favorable. the opposite of sinister
Parsimonious
Extremely frugal, miserly
Belie
Give a false representation to; misrepresent
Impertinent
Being disrespectful, improperly forward or bold
Intimate
To suggest something subtly
Parochial
Narrowly restricted in scope or outlook
Censure
To express strong disapproval
Amorphous
Shapeless
Harangue
A long pompous speech, a tirade
Wanting
Lacking
Calumny
Making of a false statement meant to injure a person’s reputation
Extant
Still in existence (usually refers to documents)
Qualify
To make less severe, to limit
Undermine
To weaken
Upbraid
To reproach, to scold
Amenable
Easily persuaded
demur
To object or show reluctance
aberration
A deviation from what is normal or expected
egregious
Standing out in a negative way, shockingly bad
mercurial
Prone to unexpected or unpredictable changes in mood
commensurate
To be in proportion or corresponding in degree or amount
restive
Restless
ambivalent
Mixed or conflicting emotions about something
gall
The trait of being rude or impertinent.
Feeling of deep or bitter anger and ill will.
To bother strongly, vex, annoy, exasperate.
predilection
A strong liking
perfidy
An act of deliberate betrayal; a breach of trust
germane
Relevant and appropriate
mawkish
Overly sentimental to the point that it is disgusting
recondite
Incomprehensible to one of ordinary understanding or knowledge; difficult to penetrate
frivolous
Not serious in content, attitude or behavior
eschew
avoid or stay clear of deliberately; stay clear of
culminate
Reaching the highest or most decisive point
concede
acknowledge defeat; admit to a wrondoing; surrender control to another
gainsay
Deny or contradict; speak against or oppose
bucolic
Relating to the pleasant aspects of the country
lambast
Criticize severely or angrily
didactic
instructive (especially excessively)
volubility
The quality of writing or speaking easily and continuously
chortle
To chuckle, laugh merrily, often in a muffled way
cryptic
Mysterious or vague, usually intentionally
superfluous
Serving no useful purpose; more than is required
conspicuous
Without any attempt at concealment, completely obvious
obscure
To make unclear; known by only a few
entrenched
Fixed firmly or securely
querulous
Habitually complaining
rustic
Characteristics of a rural life
platitude
A trite or an obvious remark
culpability
A state of guilt
incisive
Having the ability to recognize fine distinctions
fortuitous
Occurring by happy chance; having no apparent cause
gossamer
Characterized by unusual lightness or delicacy
vociferous
conspicuously or offensively loud; given to vehement outcry
prescience
the power to foresee the future
glut
an excessive supply
inexorable
Impossible to stop or prevent
impudent
improperly forward or bold
preclude
Keep from happening or arising; make impossible
vilify
spread negative information about
treacherous
Tending to betray; dangerously unstable or unpredictable
elucidate
to make clearer or easier to understand
tantamount
Being essentially equal to somethong
panache
Distinctive or showy elegance
haughty
having or showing arrogant superiority to and disdain of those one considers unworthy
subsume
contain or include; to consider something as part of a general rule or principle
juxtaposed
place side by side for contrast
disaffected
discontented as towards authority
avaricious
Excessively greedy
rudimentary
being in the earliest stages of development; being or involving basic facts or principles
itinerant
travelling from place to place for work
insidious
working in a subtle but destructive way
refractory
stubbornly resistant to authority and control
precocious
exceptionally early development or maturity (especially mentally)
ascetic
practicing self-denial
delineate
Describe in detail
frustrate
to hinder or prevent (plans or efforts)
quotidian
found in the ordinary course of events
eminent
standing above others in quality or position
immutable
not able to be changed
forelorn
marked by or showing hopelessness
vehement
extreme intensity of emotions or convictions
languid
not inclined towards physical exertion or efforts, slow and relaxed
jubilant
high spirited delight because of triumoh or success
spurious
plausible but false
tenacious
stubbornly unyielding
jingoism
fanatical patriotism
supplant
to take the place or move into the position of
contrive
to pull off a plan or scheme, usually through skill or trickery
guileless
free of deceit
magnanimous
noble or generous, especially towards enemy or someone less powerful
travesty
an absurd presentation of something, a mockery
staunch (adj)
loyal and dpendable
circumvent
cleverly find a way to avoid one’s duties
fallacious
of a belief that is based on faulty reasoning
incongruous
lacking in harmony, compatibility or appropriateness
belligerent
eager to fight
heretic
a person who holds unorthodox opinions in any field
apocryphal
being of questionable authenticity
copious
in abundant supply
idiosyncrasy
a behavioral attribute that is distinctive to an individual
forthcoming
available when required or as promised; at ease when talking to others
exacting
demanding accuracy
discrete
constituting a separate part
provincial
limited perspective; not fashionable or sophisticated
blatant
conspicuous; without any attempt at concealment, completely obvious
eradicate
to completely destroy
ignoble
dishonorable
largess
extreme generosity and giving
laudable
worthy of high praise
refute
prove to be false or incorrect
temperance
the trait of avoiding excesses
unscrupulous
lacking principles
adamant
refusing to change one’s mind
abstruse
difficult to understand, incomprehensible
pundit
someone who has been admitted to membership in a scholarly field
incorrigible
ineffective to correction by punishment
ingratiate
fawn; gain favors with somebody by deliberate efforts
exalt
to praise or glorify
expound
add details or explanation, to clarify the meaning, to state clearly
espouse
to adopt or support an idea or a cause
confound
to cause confusion
hackneyed
losing significance because of overuse (trite, platitude)
contingent
a gathering of persons representatives of some larger group; dependent upon
bumbling
lacking physical movement skills, especially with the hands
acerbic
harsh in tone
admonitory
to warn; to scold mildly to correct
implausible
describing a statement that is not believable
pedantic
to show off learnings
myopic
lacking foresight or imagination
denigrate
charge falsely in order to injure a person’s reputation; calumny
burgeon
to grow and flourish
indifference
seeming not to care
construe
interpreted in a particular way
petulant
easily annoyed or irritated
underscore
give extra weight to (a communication)
tortuous
repeated turns and bends; not straightforward
brazen
unrestrained by convention or propriety
reverent
venerate; showing profound respect
arcane
requiring secret or mysterious knowledge
accolade
an award or praise granted as a special honor
pedestrian
lacking imagination
haphazard
carelessness; dependent upon chance
winsome
charming in a childlike or naive way
subversive
in opposition to a system
insolent
rude and arrogant
constituent
a citizen who votes for someone; an abstract part of something
ravenous
extremely hungry; craving food
sanction
to give permission; a legal penalty
hegemony
dominance over a certain area
propitious
favorable circumstances, show signs of success
lionize
assign great social importance to
scrupulous
characterized by extreme efforts; having principles
rescind
cancel officially
gauche
lacking social polish
irrevocable
incapable of being returned or revoked
pernicious
extremely harmful, working in a hidden and injurious way
prodigious
so great as to elicit awe
antithetical
sharply contrasted in character or purpose
inscrutable
not easily understood
intrepid
fearless
myriad
a large indefinite number
circumscribe
restrict or confine
inveterate
habitual
tempered
moderated in effect
tractable
reacting readily to suggestions and influences; easily controlled, taught or molded
munificent
extremely generous
precipitous
done with great haste and without deliberation
admonish
to warn or scold strongly
ostracize
exclude from a community or a group
sporadic
recurring in scattered, irregular and unpredictable instances
trite
an obvious remark; used too often
resurgent
rising again as to new life or vigor
poignant
emotionally touching
sycophant
a person who tries to please someone in order to gain advantage
duress
compulsory force or threat
jovial
showing high spirited merriment
nuance
a subtle difference in meaning, opinion or attitude
rebuke
criticize severely or angrily; censure
imprudent
not wise
mendacity
tendency to be untruthful
harried
troubled persistently especially with petty annoyances
disseminate
become widely known
dispassionate
unaffected by strong emotion or prejudice
sullen
showing a brooding ill humor
opulence
wealth as evidenced by sumptuous living
maladroit
clumsy
indecorous
not behaving properly according to society
maverick
someone who exhibits great independence in thought and action
truncate
reduce the length of something
fastidious
overly concerned with details; fussy
banality
a trite or an obvious remark; platitude
polemic
a strong verbal or written attack on someone or something
craven
pathetically coward
stringent
demanding strict attention to rules and procedures
furtive
marked by quiet, caution and secrecy; taking pains to not be observed
arduous
demanding considerable mental skill and effort; testing endurance`
flux
a state of uncertainty about what should be done (usually following something important)
appease
pacify by accepting the demands of
mundane
repetitive and boring; relating to the ordinary world
misconstrue
interpret in the wrong way
contrition
the feeling of remorse or guilt that comes from doing something bad
elicit
call forth (emotions, feelings or responses)
economical
avoiding waste, efficient
edifying
enlightening; causing intellectual improvement
timorous
timid by nature, revealing fear or nervousness
pejorative
expressing disapproval (usually refers to a term)
askance
with a look of suspicion or disapproval
deleterious
harmful to living things
nonplussed
unsure how to act or respond
reproach
to express criticism towards
efficacious
producing the intended result
posit
assume as fact
ignominous
deserving or bringing disgrace and shame
scrumptious
tasty (for food); attractive (a person)
screed
an abusive rant
insolvent
unable to pay one’s bills, bankrupt
mesmerized
spellbind or enthrall
serendipity
instance of an accidental, fortunate discovery being made
pine
to yearn for
vindictive
have a very strong desire for revenge
remiss
to be negligent in one’s duties
spendthrift
one who spends money extravagantly
indict
to formally charge or accuse of wrong-doing
censor
to examine and remove objectionable content, an official who censors material
inflammatory
extremely controversial; incendiary
incendiary
cause to start fires; to stir up conflict
hound
to pursue relentlessly
underwrite
to support financially
telltale
revealing
thoroughgoing
very thorough; complete
reprobate
a person without morals who is disapproved
bleak
having a depressing or gloomy outlook
summit
a peak or highest point; a meeting of high-level leaders (G20 summit)
pinnacle
the highest point
thrifty
spending money wisely
voracious
very hungry; approaching an activity with gutso (excitement)
indignant
feeling anger over percieved injustice
demean
to insult; to cause someone to lose dignity or respect
peruse
to read very carefully
affluent
wealthy
indigenous
originating in a certain area
macabre
the horror of death and decay; gruesome
zenith
the highest point; culmination
unnerve
to make nervous or upset
tender
offer up something formally
slapdash
carelessly or hastily put together
variance
the quality of being different
embroiled
involved in argument or contention
diabolical
to be extremely wicked, like the devil
stipend
a regular allowance (of money)
retiring
to be shy; to retract from the company
dog
to pursue relentlessly; to hound
demure
to be modest or shy
affable
likeable; easy to approach
telling
revealing of another factor
miser
a person who does not like to spend money (because they are greedy)
acme
highest point of achievement
profuse
plentiful; pouring out in abundance
err
to make an error
amiable
friendly
paucity
a lack of something
beatific
blissfully happy
cardinal
of primary importance; fundamental
imponderable
impossible to estimate or figure out
lassitude
extreme tiredness, either mental or physical
cadaverous
extremely thin or bony (emaciated, gaunt)
bellicose
warlike, inclined to quarrel
pittance
a small amount (of money)
ferret
to search for something persistently
fleece
to deceive
stem
to hold back or limit the flow or growth of something
scintillating
brilliant and lively
errant
to be wandering; not sticking to a circumscribed path
virago
an ill tempered or violent woman
checkered
marked by disreputable or unfortunate happenings
preemptive
done before someone else can do it
contrite
to be remorseful
desecrate
to willfully violate or destroy a sacred place
amok
in an excited or uncontrolled way
hodgepodge
a confusing mixture or jumble
exhort
to strongly urge on; encourage
immaterial
not relevant
replete
completely stocked or furnished with something
vicaricious
taking part in someone else’s experiences or feelings
melee
a wild, confusing fight or struggle
aboveboard
open and honest
pugnacious
eager to fight or argue; verbally combative
moment
significant and important value
sanguine
cheerful and optimistic
flush
to be in abundance
extenuating
make less guilty and more forgivable
wax
to gradually increase in size or intensity
unconscionable
unscrupulous; unreasonable; excessive
sanctimonious
acting as if you are better or more moral than others
becoming
appropriate and matches nicely
apex
the highest point
raft
a large number of something
start
suddenly move in a particular direction
junta
an aggressive takeover by a group; a group that performs such a takeover
heyday
the pinnacle of a time period or a career
animosity
intense hostility
badger
to pester
check
to limit
consummate
having supreme mastery or skill; to make perfect and complete
entice
get someone to do something through (often false) promises
jocular
characterized by jokes and good humor
respite
a pause from doing something (as work)
fete
to celebrate a person
meander
to wander aimlessly
alusive
difficult to capture or remember
guffaw
laugh energetically
thwart
hinder or prevent (efforts, plans or desires)
inclement
(of weather) unpleasant, stormy; showing no mercy
impede
be a hindrance or obstacle to
ornate
elaborated with decorative details
appreciable
large enough to be noticed
endemic
native; originating where it is found
disenfranchise
deprive of voting rights
renege
fail to fulfill a promise or agreement
plodding
slow and laborious (requiring considerable time and effort)
proponent
a person who pleads for a cause or idea
deter
turn away from by persuasion; to prevent or show opposition
incerssant
continuing uninterrupted for indefinitely long time
robust
sturdy and strong in form or construction
dearth
a lack or shortage
snide
expressive of contempt; mocking in an indirect way
malady
a disease or sickness
autonomousy
self governing; acting independently
moot
open to arguments or debate; unpredictable in a meaningless way
raffish
unconventional and disreputable in an attractive way
discriminate
recognize or perceive the difference between
morose
ill tempered, not inclined to talk, gloomy
resolve
reach a conclusion after a discussion or deliberation
flounder
behave awkwardly; have difficulties
apprehension
fearful expectations
avid
active interest and enthusiasm
ingenuity
power of creative imagination
muted
softened; subdued (soft colors)
disheartened
made less hopeful or enthusiastic
patronize
treat condescendingly ( making others feel inferior)
ascendancy
state of one person or group having power over another
fledgelings
young and inexperienced; a new participant in any activity
pithy
concise and full of meaning
quandary
state of uncertainty; especially a choice between equally unfavorable options
martial
suggesting war or military life
altruism
unselfish concern for the welfare of others
derisive
abusing vocally; expressing contempt or ridicule
hamstrung
made ineffective or powerless
cornucopia
an abundant supply of something good
buck
resist
conducive
making a situation or outcome more likely to happen
tawdry
tastelessly showy; cheap
perpetuate
cause to continue
benign
harmless to health; kind
detrimental
causing harm or injury
augment
enlarge or increase; to improve
debase
to reduce the quality or value of something
elaborate
rich with details
empathy
understanding of other people’s states and emotions
contemptuous
hateful; looking down on others with a sneering attitude
unruly
noisy, lacking restraint, unwilling to submit to authority
perennial
eteternal, everlasting
fickle
liable to sudden unpredictable change
facetious
cleverly amusing in tone
genteel
marked by refinement in taste and manners
illicit
forbidden by law
genial
agreeable, conducive to comfort
banish
expel from a community; drive away
surly
inclined to anger or bad feelings with overtones of menace
spurn
reject with contempt
inadvertent
happening by chance or unexpectedly or unintentionally
credence
belief in something
urbane
high refinement and assurance that comes from wide social experience
commendable
wealthy of praise
sentimental
effusively or insincerely emotional
pertinent
having precise or logical relevance to the matter at hand
assail
attack in speech or writing
smattering
a slight or superficial understanding of a subject; a small amount of something
rankle
gnaw (constantly bite at) into; make resentful or angry
glib
speaking with ease but without sincerity
euphoria
a feeling of great (usually exaggerated) elation
jargon
a characteristic language of a particular group
precedent
an example that is used to justify similar occurrence at a later time
tumult
a state of chaos, noise or confusion
irresolute
uncertain how to act or proceed
vacuous
devoid of intelligence, matter or significance
grovel
show submission or fear
impeccable
without fault or error
egotist
a self centered person
diligent
caring and having perseverance in carrying out tasks
steadfast
marked with firm determination and resolution; not shakeable
quip
a witty saying or remark
irk
irritate or vex
devolve
pass on or delegate to another; to grow worse
exasperate
to irritate intensely
tout
to advertise in strongly positive terms; to show off
unseemly
not in a polite or proper way according to society; indecorus
maxim
a short saying that expresses a general truth
credulity
tendency to believe readily
complacent
faultily contented with oneself or one’s actions
aphoristic
concise and instructive of a general truth or principle
connive
taking part in immoral and unethical plots
derogative
worthless or negative
taxing
use to the limit; exhaust
collusion
agreement on a secret plot
impending
close in time; about to occur
tarnish
make dirty or spotty; also used metaphorically
impregnable
immune to attack; incapable of being tampered with
goad
urge on with unpleasant comments
placid
not easily irritated
ubiquitous
present or found everywhere
brusquely
in a blunt, direct manner
unprecedented
having never been done or happened before
enmity
a state of deep-seated ill-will
peevish
easily irritated or annoyed
leery
openly distrustful and unwilling to confide
perturb
disturb in mind, cause to be worried or alarmed
presumption
an assumption taken for granted; audacious behavior that you have no right to
savvy
a perceptive understanding; to get the meaning of something
pastoral
relating to the countryside in a pleasant way
squander
spend thoughtlessly; waste money, time or an opportunity
serene
calm and peaceful
foible
idiosyncrasy; a behavioral attribute distinctive to an individual
elude
escape understanding
smug
marked by excessive complacency or self-satisfaction
exemplify
be characteristic or an example of; clarify by giving an example
tact
consideration in dealing with others, avoiding giving offense
malevolent
wishing evil to others; arising from intense ill will or hatred
travail
hard work; agony and anguish
retract
pull back or inwards; to reject a formerly held belief under pressure
discord
loss of agreement or harmony
embellish
to decorate with great details
rash
defiant disregard for danger or consequence
destitute
poor enough to need help from others; completely wanting or lacking of
eke
to live off meager resources; to scrape by
reservation
an unstated doubt that prevents you from accepting something wholeheartedly
ploy
a clever plan to turn a situation to one’s advantage
piquant
having an agreeably pungent taste
uncanny
beyond ordinary or normal; supernatural influence
cerebral
involving intelligence rather than emotions or instinct
consecrate
to make holy or set apart for a high purpose
incumbent
necessary as a duty or responsibility
precarious
fraught with danger
coalesce
fuse or cause to grow together
cohesive
well integrated; forming a united whole
veneer
a covering consisting of a thin layer that hides the underlying substance
preempt
take the place of or take precedence over
docile
easily handled or managed; willing to be led
antedate
precede in time
cavalry
a haughty disregard of others
rile
cause annoyance by minor irritations
belittle
to lessen the importance, dignity or reputation
delegate
give an assignment to a person
evenhanded
without partiality
conundrum
a difficult or puzzled problem
eccentric
highly unconventional or unusual
wanton
without check or limitations; showing no moral restraint to one’s anger, desire or appetitie
ascribe
attribute or credit to
foolhardy
marked by defiant disregard for danger or consequences
intermittent
stopping and starting at regular intervals
prevail
to be widespread in a particular area at a particular time; to prove superior
besmirch
damage the good name and reputation of someone
buttress
make stronger or defensible
tribulation
something, especially an event that causes difficulty and suffering
industrious
characterized by hard work and perseverance
redress
an act of making something right
melancholy
a deep long-lasting sadness
clemency
leniency and mercy shown toward offenders
behoove
to be one’s duty or obligation
rakish
carefree unconventionality; disreputableness
humdrum
dull and lacking excitement
forthright
directness in manner or speech
presumptuous
excessively forward
avert
turn away or prevent
finagle
to achieve something by means of tricker or devious methods
begrudge
to envy something for possessing or enjoying something; to give reluctantly
glean
collecting information bit by bit
profusion
extremely abundant
implicate
to convey meaning; imply; to indicate in crime
incense
to make furious
obliging
showing a cheerful willingness to do favors for others
constraint
something that limits or restricts
miscreant
a person who breaks the law
cosmoplitan
comprising many cultures; global in reach and outlook
amply
more than is adequate or sufficient
colossal
so great in size or force as to elicit awe
carping
continuous criticism about trivial or petty matters
hamper
prevent the progress or free movement of
perquisite
a right reserved exclusively for a particular person or a group
sordid
involving ignoble actions or motives; arousing moral distaste and contempt
paradoxical
seemingly contradictory but nonetheless possibly true
vie
compete for something
inarticulate
deprived of the use of speech or words
boorish
ill-mannered and coarse; contemptible in behavior or appearance
evasive
escaping from difficulty or danger; deliberately vague or ambiguous
deliberate
think about carefully; weight the pros and cons of an issue
abysmal
extremely bad
dilapidated
in terrible condition
cumbersome
difficult to handle or use especially because of size or weight
convivial
a lively atmosphere
morph
to undergo dramatic change in a seamless and barely noticeable fashion
malodorous
having an unpleasant smell
stymie
hinder or prevent the progress or accomplishment of something
debunk
to expose as false ideas or claims
complementary
enhancing each other’s qualities
relegate
assign to a lower position
laborious
characterized by effort till the point of exhaustion; especially physical effort
qualm
uneasiness about the fitness of an action
champion
to fight for a cause
aphorism
a short instructive saying about a general truth
dispatch
property of being prompt and efficient; dispose of rapidly and efficiently
vanquish
come out to be better in a competition, race or conflict
excruciating
extremely painful
discreet
careful or secretive in one’s speech or actions
decimation
destroying or killing a large part of the population
creditable
deserving of praise but not that amazing
resignation
acceptance of something unpleasant that cannot be avoided
staid
characterized by dignity or propriety
compound
make more intense. stronger or more marked
provisional
not final or fully agreed upon
antiquated
old-fashioned, belonging to an earlier time period or era
chivalrous
being attentive to women like an ideal knight
differentiate
be a distinctive feature; evolve so as to lead to a new species or develop in a way most suited to environment
snub
refuse to acknowledge; rejecting bluntly
balk
refuse or hesitate to comply
besiege
to harass as in with questions or requests
futile
producing no results or effect; unproductive of success
misogynist
a person who dislikes women in particular
inkling
a slight suggestion or a vague understanding
panacea
a universal remedy
adroit
clever or skillful
prolix
using too many words; tediously lengthy
apogee
the highest point
overweening
arrogant and presumptuous
beg
assume something is true when asking a question
apostate
a person who has abandoned a religious faith or a cause
defray
to help pay the cost of (money)
exegesis
critical explanation or analysis; especially of a text
conciliate
to make peace with
ponderous
weighed down; moving slowly and laboriously
insufferable
intolerable; difficult to endure
lascivicious
lecherous; sexually perverted
penurious
lacking money, poor; miserly
byzantine
intricate and complex
sedulous
done diligently and carefully
contentious
likely to argue
vicissitude
change in one’s situation or circumstances, usually for the worse
kowtow
to bow or act in a subservient manner
chary
cautious; suspiciously reluctant to do something
untoward
unfavorable; inconvenient
anathema
a detested person; the source of someone’s hate
prosaic
dull and lacking imagination
factious
produced by internal dissension
feckless
lazy and irresponsible
truculent
having a fierce, savage nature
saturnine
morose or gloomy
catholic
of broad scope; universal
imbibe
to drink or absorb as if drinking
nadir
the lowest point
zeitgeist
spirit of the times
base
the lowest; without any moral principles
hector
to bully or intimidate
turpitude
depravity; a depraved act
churlish
lacking manners or refinement
fractious
irritable and easily upset and likely to cause disruption
arrant
complete and wholly (usually modifying a noun with negative connotation)
indigent
poor or needy
pariah
an outcast
alacrity
an eager willingness to do something
supercilious
haughty and disdainful; looking down on others
artless
without cunning and deciet
expunge
to eliminate or erase completely
misfeasance
misconduct or wrongdoing ( especially by a public official)
expansive
communicative; prone to talking in a sociable manner
cow
to intimidate
choleric
prone to outbursts of temper; easily angered
consolidate
To solidify
fell
terribly evil
sententious
to be moralizing, usually in a pompous way
remonstrate
to make objections while pleading
blinkered
to have a limited outlook or uderstanding
juggernaut
a force that cannot be stopped
Pollyannaish
extremely optimistic
palimpsest
something that has been changed numerous times but on which traces of former iterations can still be seen
impecunious
lacking money, poor
maudlin
overly emotional and sad
curmudgeon
a grouchy, grumpy or a surly person
parvenu
a person who has suddenly become wealthy but is not accepted as a part of a higher class
jejune
dull, lacking flavor; immature or childish
schadenfreude
joy that comes from watching the suffering of others
imbroglio
confusing and potentially embarrassing situation
venial
easily excused or forgiven; pardonable
quisling
a traitor
jaundiced
to be biased against due to envy or prejudice
sybarite
a person who indulges in luxury
bilious
irritable and always angry
martinet
a strict disciplinarian
arriviste
a person who has recently reached a position of power; a social climber
apotheosis
exaltation to divine status; the highest point of development
benighted
fallen into a state of ignorance
excoriate
to criticize very harshly
tendentious
likely to lean towards a controversial view
pyrrhic
describing a victory that comes at such a great cost that it is not worthwhile
picayune
trifling or petty person
limpid
having clarity in terms of expressions
cupidity
greed for money
sangfroid
calmness or poise in difficult situations
hedge
to limit or qualify a statement; to avoid making a direct statement
malapropism
confusion of a word with another word that sounds similar
quixotic
wildly idealistic; impractical
mettlesome
filled with courage or valor
factitious
artificial; not natural
mellifluous
smooth and sweet-sounding
expurgate
to remove objectionable content
mulct
to fraud
phantasmagorical
illusive; unreal
vituperate
to criticize harshly; to berate
protean
readily taking on different roles
sartorial
related to fashion or clothes
invective
abusive or punishing language
gerrymander
to manipulate voting districts in order to favor a particular political party
histrionic
to be overly theatrical
execrate
to curse or hiss at
arch
to be deliberately teasing
peremptory
bossy and domineering
trifling
unimportant or trivial
blemishes
a mark of flaw or defect
imperative
of vital importance; dominating
kindred
related
affiliated
officially connected or related
scanty
small or insufficient in quantity
acute
experienced in an intense degree
novel
originality or realism
herald
a sign or indication of arrival of something
harbinger
a sign or indication of arrival of something
cursory
hast and therefore not thorough
canny
having good judgement
legacy
a gift made by a will
renounce
abandon; disown
derelict
abandoned; negligent
motility
ability to move spontaneously
anarchy
absence of a governing body; state of disorder
riveting
absorbing; engrossing
appropriate
acquire; take possession for one’s own use
emissary
agent, messenger
reparation
amends, compensation
irate
angry
approbation
approval
felicitous
apt; well chosen; suitably expressed
heirarchy
arrangement by rank or standing
allocate
assign
hypothetical
based on assumptions or hypothesis
empirical
based on experience
mendicant
beggar
disparage
belittle
condescend
bestow courtesies with a superior air
rancor
bitterness; hatred
temerity
boldness; rashness
ramification
branching out; subdivision; negative effects
compendium
a brief, comprehensive summary
succinct
brief; compact; terse
wheedle
deceive by flattery
phlegmatic
calm; not easily disturbed
equanimity
calmness of temperament; composure
lax
careless
bane
cause of ruin
ossify
change or harden into bone
metamorphosis
change of form
temperament
characteristic frame of mind
idyllic
charmingly carefree; simple
progeny
children; offspring
indiscriminate
choosing at random; confused
vindicate
clear from blame; exonerate; justify or support
cajole
deceive by flattery
synthesis
combining parts into a whole
brevity
conciseness
coda
concluding passage of a musical or literary composition
nexus
connection
subjugate
conquer; bring under control
debauch
corrupt; seduce from virtue
trenchant
sharply effective, incisive or cutting in nature
resplendent
dazzling; glorious; brilliant
baleful
deadly; having a malign effect
infer
deduce; conclude
rampart
a defensive or protective mound of earth
singular
unique; odd
comprehensive
broadly inclusive
momentous
of great significance especially in having a bearing on future events
portentous
giving the worrying impression that something bad is going to happen
ominous
giving the worrying impression that something bad is going to happen
plummet
to reduce or decrease
accrue
to gather or grow (used in finance)
impute
to attribute; give credit or assign blame
compute
to calculate
forgo
let go; give up
recant
to retract a statement or opinion
prohibitive
prevent purchase or possibility
pervasive
spread throughout; present everywhere; prevail everywhere
adamantine
very hard
frangible
easy to break
facilitate
to make easy
primordial
primitive or from the earliest time
proficient
accomplished; skillful
resolution
point in the story where the main conflict is resolved or ends
denouement
the final outcome
deferment
postponement
modish
fashionable
philistine
hostie or indifferent to culture or art
conduit to
a connection to or a secret path to
embodiment
a clear representation
cynical
distrustful of human sincerity; concerned with only one’s own interest
forbearance
patience or restraint
ennui
boredom
recursive
returning to the same point or process repeatedly
defunct
no longer in existence
actuate
to put into action
defer
put off
buoyant
lighthearted
premonitory
predictive; warn about something pleasant that is about to happen
noxious
harmful
nonchalant
calm and relaxed; showing no concern
rhapsody
an enthusiastic or ecstatic expression of feelings
assiduous
diligent
stanched/staunch (verb)
stop or restrict the flow of
accentuate
to make more noticeable or prominent
predicament
a difficult, unpleasant or embarrassing situation
discrepancy
an illogical or surprising lack of compatibility between two facts
zealot
a person who is fanatical in pursuit of their idea
layperson
a person without professional or specialized knowledge in a subject
adulator
a person using flattery to gain advantage
braggart
a person who brags about themselves or their achievements (self centered)
blithe
bright, happy
bemuse
to puzzle or confuse
aghast
filled with horror or shock
isolate
to make disinterested or cut off
marginalize
treated as insignificant or peripheral
redouble
make or become much greater, more intense.
institutionalized
established in practice or custom
peripheral
treated as insignificant
callousness
insensitive and cruel disregard for others
perspicacity
the quality of having a ready insight into things; shrewdness
impetus
the driving force
murky
obscure or dark or morally questionable
boon
a thing that is helpful or beneficial
debacle
a sudden and ignominious failure
consensus
a general agreement
hidebound
unwilling or unable to change because of convention
liberated
free from social convention
materialize
become actual fact, become relevant
scuffle
a short confused fight or struggle
foreground
call attention to
transcend
be or go beyond the range or limits of
schism
a split or division between strongly opposed groups or parties
syntactical
of or according to syntax
gawky
nervously awkward
brandish
to wave or flourish as a threat or in anger or excitement
flout
openly disregard
pious
sincere and religiously
invigorate
give strength or energy to
synoptic
forming a general summary or synopsis
lurid
characterized by vividly shocking or sensational details
understated
presented or stated in a subtle and effective way
probity
the quality of having strong moral principles; honesty and decency
acquisitive
extremely interested in acquiring money or material things
erronious
wrong; incorrect
paradigm
a typical example or pattern of something
misnomer
a wrong or inaccurate name or designation
profundity
great depth of insight or knowledge
peculiarity
a strange or unusual feature or habit
pellucidity
quality of being clear and transparent; easy to understand
populous
having a large population
virulence
the severity or harmfulness of disease or poison
partisanship
prejudice in favor of a particular cause
omniscience
the state of knowing everything
posturing
behavior that is intended to impress or mislead
snare
a trap or device used to capture someone
politicized
made political in nature
forestalled
prevent or obstruct
beholden
indebted
acumen
ability to make good judgements and take quick actions
shrewdness
ability to take good judgements
inept
having or showing no skill
duplicity
decietfullness
diffuse
spread
nettle
to irritate or annoy
exposition
a detailed description or explanation of an idea or a theory
objurgation
a harsh reprimand or criticism
contemporary
belonging to the present or the same time
vestigial
forming a very small remnant of what once used to be greater
nascent
just coming into existence, not fully formed
impediment
a hindrance or obstruction in doing something
recapitulate
summarize and state the main points
polarize
to divide or cause to divide into two sharply contrasting groups or opinions
patent
easily recognizable, obvious
primed
make ready for use or action
painstaking
done with employing great care or thoroughness
anoint
smear or rub with oil, usually as part of some ceremony
solicitous
showing interest or concern
doctrinaire
seeking to impose a doctrine in all circumstances
judicious
showing good judgement
indefatigable
persisting tirelessly
jettison
abandon or disregard
distill
to create or originate something
startling
very surprising, astonishing or remarkable
caricature
to draw or describe in an exaggerated way
blight
have a seriously detrimental effect
apposite
germane, relevant
fitfully
not regularly or continuously; intermittently