common viral pathogens Flashcards
What is a major characteristic of the Herpes
following primary infection, the vrius establishes a latent infection in the host and may reactivate at a later time
T or F: Reactivation is not always associated with disease
TRUE
What is the antiviral given for herpes and how does it work?
Acyclovir, inhibitor of viral DNA pol
How many Human herpes viruses (HHV) are there?
8
What are the HHV-1 and HHV-2?
Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV1) and HSV2
HSV-1 and HSV-2 both cause what?
painful, clear fluid filled vesicles often with a red base on the skin at site of inoculation
What does HSV1 most commonly present as?
orofacial lesions
What does HSV2 most commonly present as?
genital lesions
T or F: HSV1 does not cause genital lesions
FALSE, it causes up to 40% of new genital infections
What is the incubation period of HSV1 and HSV2?
2-12 days (average of 4)
How are HSV1 and HSV2 trasmitted?
close contact with a person shedding virus at a mucosal surface. HSV penetrates susceptible mucosal surfaces or cracks in skin
T or F: primary infection of HSV can be symtomatic or asymptomatic
TRUE
T or F: primary infection of HSV is usually less severe that reactivation
FALSE
T or F: in immune competent hosts, HSV infection remains confined to site of contact, but immunocompromised hosts may spread to new areas
TRUE
When does Prmary HSV-1 infection usually occur?
childhood
Most common symptomatic sign of infection?
Gingivostomatitis (mouth ulcers), commonly associaed with fever and enlarged cervical nodes
What is Herpetic whitlow?
inoculation of HSV from oral secretions to fingers, often transmitted by mother’s kiss to injured finger of child.
What is herpes gladiotorum?
herpes from sports contact
What is genital herpes
sexually-trasmitted, with primary infection making vesicle/ulcers in genital area
How long do genital herpes lesions last?
10-14 days, usulaly very painful
How are genital herpes warts different from syphilis and chancroid?
syphilis are hard and painless ulcers, chancroid are soft painful ulcers associated with swollen inguinal lymph nodes
What is herpes keratitis?
HSV infection/inflammation of the cornea, distictive dendriric pattern, can be primary or reactivation
how does HSV get to cornea during reactivation
opthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve
What is the most common cause of encephalitis in US?
HSV, and it can be primary or reactivation