Common urinary histories - haematuria

Question 1

What would you want to ask about the sypmtom of haematuria?

Answer 1

• Duration
• Onset
• PRogression
• Timing
• Quantitiy
• Thick
• Dicoloured urine
• Clots
• Catheter
• Anaemia symptoms

Question 2

What general symtpoms would you want to ask about on systematic enquiry in someone with haematuria?

Answer 2

• Fever
• Sweats
• Weight loss
• Rashes
• Join pain/swelling

Question 3

What urological symptoms would you ask about on systematic enquiry in someone with haematuria?

Answer 3

• Storage - frequency, volume, urgency, nocturia, incontinence
• Infection - dysuria, discharge, lumps
• Prostatic symptoms - Hesitancy, poor flow/dribbling, feeling of incomplete emptying

Question 4

What features associated haematuria would suggest bladder transitional cell carcinoma?

Answer 4

• Painless haematuria
• History of aromatic amine exposure (e.g. dry washes, painters, decorators)

Question 5

What symptoms associated with haematuria would suggest renal cell carcinoma?

Answer 5

• Flank pain/mass
• May have fever/hypertension/weight loss

Question 6

What sympatoms assocaited with haematuria would suggest urethral trauma?

Answer 6

History of catheter use or trauma

Question 7

What symptoms assocaited with haematuria would suggest UTI?

Answer 7

• Frequency
• Dysuria
• Urgency
• Confusion
• Pyrexia
• Strong smelling urine

Question 8

What symptoms associated with haematuria would suggest Urethritis?

Answer 8

• Dysuria
• Purulent urethral discharge

Question 9

What features of haematuria suggest calculi as a cause?

Answer 9

Loin to groin pain

Question 10

What are urological causes of haematuria?

Answer 10

• TCC
• RCC
• Urethral trauma
• GN
• BPH
• Prostate cancer
• PKD
• Urinary tract TB
• UTI
• Urethritis
• Calculi
• Schistosomiasis

Question 11

What are non-urological causes of haematuria?

Answer 11

• Bleeding disorders
• Strenuous exercise
• Infective endocarditis
• Mentruation
• Rhabdomyolysis