Common terms, illnesses, diseases etc

Question 1

Tympanic cavity

Answer 1

middle ear

Question 2

Apicectomy

Answer 2

Removal of apex of the root of a tooth. Often called root end resection.

Question 3

Apical

Answer 3

Apex of an organ or tooth

Question 4

Euplastic

Answer 4

a tissue that heals quickly after injury

Question 5

Rheumatic fever

Answer 5

upper respiratory tract infection with haemolytic streptococci

Question 6

Haemolytic streptococci

Answer 6

bacteria that destroys red blood cells

Question 7

Syncope

Answer 7

loss of consciousness due to sudden drop in blood pressure

Question 8

Dyspnoea

Answer 8

laboured or difficult breathing

Question 9

Haemoptysis

Answer 9

coughing up blood

Question 10

Orthopnoea

Answer 10

breathlessness preventing lying down

Question 11

Dysphagia

Answer 11

Difficulty swallowing. Swallowed material held up on passage to stomach

Question 12

Diverticulitis

Answer 12

Inflammation of diverticulum. Causes lower abdominal pain

Question 13

Perfusion

Answer 13

Passage of fluid through a tissue, i.e. blood through lung tissue

Question 14

Aetioogy

Answer 14

study or science of causes of disease

Question 15

Ischaemia

Answer 15

Inadequate flow of blood to part of the body i.e. blockage or constriction

Question 16

Ambulant

Answer 16

able to walk

Question 17

Hydrocephalus

Answer 17

abnormal increase in cerebrospinal fluid within ventricles of the brain

Question 18

Macrosomia

Answer 18

abnormally large size

Question 19

Parenteral

Answer 19

Administered by any other way than through the mouth

Question 20

Aphasia

Answer 20

impairment or absence of language function (distinct from confusion)

Question 21

Homeostasis

Answer 21

Balance between psychological, physiological, sociological, intellectual and spiritual needs

Question 22

Acute illness

Answer 22

Disruption in functional ability. Rapid onset, intense manifestation, short duration.

Question 23

Chronic illness

Answer 23

Disruption in functional ability. Gradual insidious onset, lifelong changes, usually irreversible.

Question 24

Anaemia

Answer 24

Reduction in quantity of oxygen-carrying haemoglobin in the blood

Question 25

Hyperlipidaemia

Answer 25

abnormally high concentration of cholesterol in the blood

Question 26

Hypertension

Answer 26

high blood pressure (arterial blood)

Question 27

Hypotension

Answer 27

low blood pressure (arterial blood)

Question 28

Presbyacusis

Answer 28

progressive age-related deafness

Question 29

Atrophy

Answer 29

the wasting away of a normally developed organ due to cell degeneration

Question 30

Olfactory nerve

Answer 30

first cranial nerve responsible for sense of smell

Question 31

Peristalsis

Answer 31

wavelike movement that progresses along some hollow structure of the body i.e. intestines

Question 32

Analgesic

Answer 32

drug that relieves pain

Question 33

Analgesia

Answer 33

reduced sensitivity to pain without loss of consciousness or loss of sensation of touch

Question 34

Cachexia

Answer 34

abnormally low weight, weakness and bodily decline associated with chronic disease i.e. cancer

Question 35

Diaphoresis

Answer 35

excessive sweating

Question 36

Tachycardia

Answer 36

increase in heart rate above normal

Question 37

Oliguria

Answer 37

production of abnormally small amount of urine

Question 38

Febrile

Answer 38

relating to or affected by fever

Question 39

Hemiparesis / Hemiplagia

Answer 39

paralysis of one side of the body i.e. stroke

Question 40

Metastasis

Answer 40

spread of a disease especially a malignant tumour from its site of origin

Question 41

Inspection, palpation, auscultation, percussion

Answer 41

Look, touch, listen, tap

Question 42

6 vital signs

Answer 42

Height, weight, BP, RR, pulse, temp

Question 43

Hypokalaemia

Answer 43

abnormally low levels of potassium in blood

Question 44

Hypernatraemia

Answer 44

high level of sodium in blood