Common Terminology Flashcards
To learn sockets and general network terminology
ports 0 through 1,023
non-ephemeral ports / server only
ports 1024 through 65,535
ephemeral ports / determined in real time
ports used for communication or security
communication
TCP/UDP ports
TCP ports are different than UDP ports so no conflict
source port
used by the client to receive data from server
destination port
used by server to receive data from client
DNS lookup utility
DIG
granting an IP address
lease
time-to-live
max number of hops a packet can make before discarded
hop
one portion of the path between source and destination
Telnet
log into devices remotely, not encrypted
SSH
(Secure Shell) log into devices remotely, encrypted
DNS
(Domain Name System) convert the names in a browser to an IP address
SMTP
(Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) server to server email transfer
IMAP4
(Internet Message Access Protocol) includes management of email inbox from multiple clients
POP3
(Post Office Protocol) basic transfer functionality for mail
FTP
(File Transfer Protocol) transfer files between systems and has login authentication, no encryption
TFTP
(Trivial File Transfer Protocol) very simple file transfer application, no login authentication, no encryption
SFTP
(Secure File Transfer Protocol) uses SSH and can resume interrupted transfers, remote file removal and directory listings, encrypted
DHCP
(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) automated configuration of an IP address, subnet mask, and other options. Uses DHCP server to lease IP addresses from a pool.
DHCP Reservation
addresses assigned to a particular MAC address
MAC
Media Access Control
HTTP
(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol) web server communication
HTTPS
(Hyper Text Transfer Protocol Secure) web server communication with encryption
SNMP
(Simple Network Management Protocol) gather statistics from network devices
RDP
(Remote Desktop Protocol) share a desktop from a remote location
SIP
(Session Initiaition Protocol) setup and manage voice over IP sessions, extends voice communication and file transfer
H.323
ITU Telecommunication H.32x protocol series, setup, and manage VoIP sessions and extends voice communication
SMB
(Server Message Block) also called Common Internet File System, direct SMB over TCP
LDAP
(Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) store and retrieve information in a network directly
LDAPS
(Lightweight Directory Access Protocol Secure) - non-standard implementation of LDAP over SSL
Bridging
connection between two MAC addresses
IP Fragmentation
breaks up packets into smaller pieces
IP
Internet Protocol
TCP
Transmission Control Protocol
UDP
User Datagram Protocol
Half-duplex
cannot send/recieve data simultaneously
Half-duplex examples
LAN hubs
A sensor that monitors incoming traffic before it is allowed into the network.
Intrusion Prevention System
A sensor that receives a copy of network traffic in the middle of the network.
Intrusion Detection System
A device that uses a set of rules to determine what traffic to allow or deny between different areas of a network.
Firewall
A portion of a network that should be accessible by external devices.
Demilitarized Zone
Locally stores content retrieved from a remote network and sends content to local devices that are requesting it.
Cache Engine
Network appliance that makes storage resources available to network clients
Network Attached Storage
A device that inspects network traffic using a set of rules for return traffic before allowing the connection
Stateful Firewall
A device that monitors packets and applies a set of rules before allowing or denying them to be sent through.
Packet Filter
Device inspects application layer traffic using a set of rules for return traffic before allowing the connection.
Application Layer Firewall
Wireless can be administered individually
Autonomous Access Point
Allows wireless devices on the data layer to communicate with one another without a network layer.
Wireless Ad Hoc Network
Wireless Access Point can be managed by a WLAN controller
Lightweight Access Point
Used to control lightweight access points using Lightweight access point protocol
Wireless Lan Controller
Used by a wireless LAN controller to communicate with a lightweight access point
Lightweight Access Point Protocol