Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Common pod drugs DOSE AND COVERAGE > Flashcards

Common pod drugs DOSE AND COVERAGE Flashcards

1
Q

Augmentin ( amoxicillin/clavulonic acid)

A

Coverage: gram positives, some gram negatives, and some anaerobes(bacteroides

Dosage: 500mg, 875mg, 1000mg PO BID
*each tab contains 125mg clavulonic acid

DOC for dog bites and cate bites( pasturella multocida)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Zosyn(pipercillin/tazobactam)

A

Coverage: gram positives, some gram negatives and anaerobes(bacteroides)

Dosage: 3.375mg IV q6

MC broad spectrum IV drug used for DM infections.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Unasyn(ampicillin/sulfabactam)

A

Coverage: gram positives, some gram negatives, and some anaerobes

Dosage: 1.5-3.0g IV q6-8

DOC for presumed aerobic and anaerobic infections.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

PENICILLIN G

A

Coverage: pure streptococcal infections, anaerobes including clostridia (not bacteroides), and enterococcus.

Dosage: 10-20 million units IM/IV divided daily q 4 hours.
*Gustilo and Anderson farm or soil injuries.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Ancef (Kefzol/Cefazolin)

A

Coverage: Staphylococcus, streptococcus, gram negatives (E. Coli, Shigella, Salmonella, P. mirabilis), and anaerobes other than bacteroides.
Dosage: 0.5g - 2g IV q 8 hours

*Great bone penetration with long half-life – great surgical prophylaxis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Keflex (Cephalexin)

A

Coverage: Staphylococcus, streptococcus, gram negatives (E. Coli, Shigella, Salmonella, P. mirabilis), and anaerobes other than bacteroides.

Dosage: 250mg – 500mg PO bid -qid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Duricef (Cefadroxil)

A

Coverage: Staphylococcus, streptococcus, gram negatives (E. Coli, Shigella, Salmonella, P. mirabilis), and anaerobes other than bacteroides.

Dosage: 500mg – 1g PO daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Gentamicin

A

Coverage: Aerobic gram negatives, staphylococcus, streptococcus, and no anaerobe coverage.

Dosage: 1.5-2mg/kg loading dose
1-1.7mg/kg divided q 8h
5-7mg/kg q 24h

Peak: 6-10 µg/ml
Trough: 2µg/ml

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Clindamycin

A

Coverage: gram positives and anaerobes (no C. difficile)
Dosage: 600mg – 900mg IV/IM q 8 hours or
150mg - 300mg PO bid-tid

*Some MRSA effectiveness, watch for C. difficile.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ciprofloxacin(Cipro)

A

Coverage: Most all gram negatives, pseudomonas, and have gram positive resistance (great with clindamycin).

Dosage: 500mg PO bid for mild to moderate infections and 750mg PO bid for severe infections and osteomyelitis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

LEvofloxacin(levaquin)

A

Coverage: Gram negatives and less pseudomonas coverage, but greater susceptibility for staphylococcus and streptococcus.

Dosage: 500 mg PO or IV for mild to moderate infections or 750mg PO or IV for complicated skin and skin structure infections (IV and PO dosing fairly equivalent).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Trimethoprim/Sulfamethaxazole (Bactrim DS)

A

Coverage: Bacteriostatic against all organisms, staphylococcus, MRSA, gram negatives (except pseudomonas), and limited activity against streptococcus

Dosage: 60mg Trimethoprim/800mg Sulfamethaxazole PO bid or tid for severe infections.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Vancomycin

A

Vancomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic that inhibits cell wall mucopeptide formation.

Coverage: Bactericidal against all gram positive organisms, MRSA, MRSE, enterococcus, gram positive anaerobes (clostridia, corynebacteria) and has no gram negative coverage.

Dosage: 1g IV q 12 hours (max dose 2g/day)

Peak: 20-30µg/ml
Trough: 10µg/ml

  • Beware: Red man syndrome! Administer over 45 - 60 min. Nephrotoxicity, Ototoxicity

**May use in oral form ONLY for pseudomembranous colitis (125mg PO qid) and only after flagyl fails.

**Used alongside Zosyn for IV antibiotic coverage in diabetic infections for coverage of MRSA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Zyvox(linezolid)

A

Coverage: All gram positives including enterococcus and MRSA

Dosage: 600mg PO/IV bid.

*100% bioavailability and hence reserved in IV form only for those who cannot tolerate PO.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Lamisil(Terbenafine)

A

Dosage: 250mg PO daily

Inhibits the fungal enzyme squalene epoxidase

*Liver metabolism so must monitor liver functions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Naftin

A

Dosage: 1% cream apply daily or gel apply bid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Lotrimin(Clotrimazole)

A

Dosage: cream/solution apply bid

Inhibits fungal steroid synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Loprox (Ciclopirox)

A

Dosage: .77% cream/gel apply bid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Ciclopirox (Penlac)

A

Dosage: 8% lacquer apply daily

20
Q

Griseofulvin (Gris-Peg)

A

Dosage: 500mg PO daily

Interferes with microtubule function disrupting mitosis

21
Q

Fluconozole (Diflucan)

A

Dosage: 300mg PO weekly

Inhibits fungal steroid synthesis

22
Q

Itraconazole (Spronox)

A

Dosage: 100mg PO bid with fatty meal

Inhibits fungal steroid synthesis

23
Q

Percocet (Oxycodone/Acetaminophen)

A

Dosage: 5/325 1-2 PO q 4-6 hours PRN pain

24
Q

Vicodin (Hydrocodone/Acetaminophen)

A

Dosage: 5/325 1-2 PO q 4-6 hours PRN pain

25
Q

Morphine Sulfate

A

Dosage: 4mg IV q 4 hours PRN severe pain

PCA: dose/lockout/basal/max dose per hour

Morphine PCA: 1mg/6minutes/0basal/10mg/hour

26
Q

Dilaudid (Hydromorphone)

A

Dosage: 2mg IV q 4 hours PRN severe pain

Dilaudid PCA: .1mg/6 minutes/0 basal/1mg/hour

27
Q

Oxycontin (Oxycodone)

A

Dosage: 10mg (20, 30, 40, 60, 80) q 12 hours

28
Q

Ultram (Tramadol)

A

Dosage: 25-50mg PO q 4-6 hours PRN pain

29
Q

Tylenol (Acetaminophen)

A

Dosage: 650mg PO q 6 hours PRN pain

Maximum dose: 4g/day (FDA) 3g/day (Tylenol)

30
Q

Tylenol #3 (with Codeine)

A

Dosage: 1 PO (300/30) q 6 hours PRN pain

Maximum dose: 360mg daily

31
Q

Tylenol #3 (Pediatrics)

A

Dosage: .5-1mg/kg q 4-6 hours PRN pain.

Elixir: .5ml (12mg/120mg) q 4-6 hours PRN pain.

32
Q

Probenecid

A

Dosage: 500mg PO bid.

Inhibits renal tubular urate resorption and renal tubular penicillin secretion.

Avoid with renal impairment.

33
Q

Colchicine

A

Dosage: Acute: 1.2mg PO, followed by .6mg PO an hour until diarrhea or vomiting ensues.

Chronic: .6mg PO daily

Decreases leucocyte lactic acid production and phagocytosis of rate crystals, which decrease uric acid production and the inflammatory response.

34
Q

Allopurinol

A

Dosage: 200-600mg divided up to 4 doses a day.

Renal dosing is max 200mg/day.

Inhibits xanthine oxidase which prevents conversion to uric acid.

35
Q

Aspirin

A

Dosage: 81mg PO daily
325mg PO q4-6 hours

Irreversibly inhibits Cox-1 almost exclusively.

36
Q

Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)

A

Dosage: 300-800mg PO tid-qid

Inhibitory against Cox-1 and Cox-2 with a maximum dose of 3200mg/day.

37
Q

Naprosyn (Naproxen, Aleve)

A

Dosage: 250-500mg PO q 12 hours

Inhibitory against Cox-1 and Cox-2 with a maximum dose of 1500mg/day.

38
Q

Medrol Dose Pack (Methylprednisolone)

A 
Dosage: 21 4mg tablets in a 6 day tapered dose
Day 1: 6 pills
Day 2: 5 pills
Day 3: 4 pills
Day 4: 3 pills
Day 5: 2 pills
Day 6: 1 pill
39
Q

Triamcinolone (Kenalog)

A

Dosage: 10-40mg/ml given as an injection

40
Q

Dexamethasone (Decadron)

A

Dosage: 4-8mg/ml given as an injection

41
Q

Benadryl

A

Dosage: 25-50mg IV/PO q 6 hours PRN pruritus

42
Q

Tylenol (Acetaminophen)

A

Dosage: 650mg PO q 6 hours PRN headache/fever greater than 101 degrees Fahrenheit

43
Q

Senna

A

Dosage: 2 tabs PO QHS for constipation

44
Q

Colace (Docusate)

A

Dosage: 100mg PO BID for constipation

45
Q

Lactulose

A

Dosage: 15ml PO daily for constipation

46
Q

Zofran (Ondansetron)

A

Dosage: 4mg IV q 6 hours PRN nausea/vomiting

47
Q

Glucophage (Metformin)

A

Dosage: 500-1000mg PO bid

MOA: decreases hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption; increases insulin sensitivity.

Pharmacology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions