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Pathology 2 > Common Oral Diseases > Flashcards

Common Oral Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Tori and Exostoses
(4)

A
  • Benign, reactive bony protuberances arising
    from the cortical plate
  • Torus palatinus
  • Torus mandibularis
  • Exostosis
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2
Q

Palatal Torus
(5)

A
  • More common than mandibular tori
  • 25% of US population
  • Females (2:1)
  • Asians and Inuits (Eskimo)
  • No treatment
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3
Q

Mandidbular Torus
(7)

A
  • Less common than palatal tori
  • 10% of US population
  • Most are bilateral
  • Single or multiple nodules
  • Slight male gender predominance
  • Asians and Inuits
  • No treatment
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4
Q

Traumatic (Irritation) Fibroma
(3)

A
  • Most common “tumor” of the oral cavity
  • Inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia
  • Not a true neoplasm of fibroblasts - a
    reactive lesion rather than a true neoplasm
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5
Q

Giant Cell Fibroma
(2)

A
  • Distinct from irritation fibroma – may not be
    associated with an identifiable source of
    chronic irritation and occurs at younger age
  • Often exhibits a papillary surface and may be
    clinically mistaken for papilloma
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6
Q

Epulis Fissuratum
* Synonyms
(4)

A

– Inflammatory fibrous hyperplasia
– Denture injury tumor
– Fibrous epulis
– Denture epulis

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7
Q

Epulis Fissuratum
(2)

A
  • Redundant fibrous tissue
  • Associated with denture flange
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8
Q

Inflammatory Papillary Hyperplasia
(3)

A
  • Denture papillomatosis
  • Poor oral hygiene combined with ill-fitting
    prosthesis
  • Surgical excision and correct prosthesis
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9
Q

Medication Associated
Gingival Enlargement
(4)

A
  • Enlargement begins in the interdental
    papillae and forms pseudopockets
  • Non-specific clinical appearance
  • Multiple drugs are synergistic
  • Severity is related to patient susceptibility
    and local factors
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10
Q

Medication Associated
with Gingival Enlargement
(3)

A
  • Anticonvulsants
  • Calcium channel blockers
  • Immunosupressants
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11
Q
  • Anticonvulsants
A

– Dilantin (phenytoin) – 50%

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12
Q
  • Calcium channel blockers
A

– Procardia (nifedipine) – 25%

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13
Q
  • Immunosupressants
A

– Sandimmune (cyclosporin) – 25%

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14
Q

Drug-Related Gingival Enlargement -
Treatment
(4)

A
  • Control local factors - anti-plaque agents
    (chlorhexidine)
  • Drug substitution
  • Drug therapy - folic acid, metronidazole,
    azithromycin
  • Surgical excision - gingivectomy
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15
Q

Pyogenic Granuloma
(5)

A
  • A reactive vascular lesion - essentially a capillary
    hemangioma
  • Definite female predilection - vascular effects of
    hormones
  • Name is a misnomer. It is unrelated to infection. It is not
    “pyogenic” and is not a true granuloma
  • May exhibit rapid growth
  • Gingiva most common site, but not limited to gingiva. It
    occurs throughout the body on any skin or mucosal
    surface
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16
Q

Clinical Variants of
Pyogenic Granuloma
(4)

A
  • Pyogenic granuloma
  • Granuloma gravidarum
  • Epulis granulomatosum
  • Pulp polyp
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17
Q
  • Granuloma gravidarum
A

– Pregnancy tumor

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18
Q

Granuloma Gravidarum:
Pregnancy Tumor
(2)

A
  • A clinical variant of pyogenic granuloma
  • May involute without treatment post
    partum and undergo fibrous maturation
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19
Q

Peripheral Ossifying Fibroma
(7)
age, where, 5 facts

A
  • Reactive lesion – not a neoplasm
  • Teenagers and young adults
  • Not related to
    central ossifying fibroma
  • Occurs exclusively on the gingiva
  • Fibrous hyperplasia with osseous metaplasia - may
    appear radio-opaque
  • May recur
  • May move teeth
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20
Q

Peripheral Giant Cell Granuloma
(5)

A
  • Reactive lesion – not a neoplasm
  • Older adults
  • Occurs exclusively on gingiva and edentulous
    alveolar ridge
  • Contains hemosiderin - may be bluish-purple
  • May recur
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21
Q

Human Papilloma Virus
(3)

A
  • Squamous papilloma
  • Verruca vulgaris
  • Condyloma acuminatum
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22
Q

Squamous Papilloma
(3)

A
  • Solitary lesion in adult
  • Pedunculated, exophytic papule
  • Numerous surface projections
23
Q

Verruca Vulgaris
(4)

A
  • Skin of hands in children
  • Multiple, clustered lesions common
  • White, verrucoid surface
  • Autoinoculation of oral mucosa
24
Q

Condyloma Acuminatum
(5)

A
  • Venereal wart - sexually-transmitted disease
  • Multiple, clustered lesions common
  • Sessile, pink exophytic mass, larger than squamous
    papilloma
  • Low risk sub-types 6 and 11 frequently found
    (vaccine)
  • High-risk sub-types 16 and 18 may also be present
25
Q

Low virulence to High virulence and infectivity

A

Squamous Papilloma
Verruca Vulgaris
Condyloma Acuminatum

26
Q

Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis
(3)

A
  • Initial exposure to virus in an individual
    without immunity
  • Generally occurs at young age after physical
    contact with infected individual
  • Mostly subclinical disease - 80% of US
    population has antibodies to HSV
27
Q

Primary Herpetic Gingivostomatitis
Symptoms (2)

A
  • Flu-like illness with fever, malaise,
    arthralgia, headache
  • Cervical lymphadenopathy
28
Q

Clinical Forms of Recurrent
Aphthous Stomatitis
(3)

A
  • Minor
  • Major
  • Herpetiform
29
Q

Aphthous-like Lesions may be
Associated with Systemic Disease
(6)

A
  • Behcet’s Syndrome
  • Reiter’s Syndrome
  • Inflammatory Bowel Disease
  • Malabsorption Syndromes
  • Cyclic Neutropenia
  • HIV / AIDS
30
Q
  • Inflammatory Bowel Disease
    (2)
A

– Ulcerative colitis
– Crohn’s Disease

31
Q
  • Malabsorption Syndromes
    (1)
A

– Gluten Sensitive Enteropathy

32
Q

Types of Gingivitis
(6)

A
  1. Plaque-associated gingivitis
  2. Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
  3. Medication-induced gingivitis
  4. Allergic gingivitis
  5. Specific infection-related gingivitis
  6. Dermatosis-related gingivitis
33
Q
  1. Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
A

– NUG

34
Q
  1. Medication-induced gingivitis
A

– Drug-related gingival hyperplasia

35
Q
  1. Allergic gingivitis
A

– Plasma cell gingivitis

36
Q
  1. Specific infection-related gingivitis
A

– Herpes Simplex Virus

37
Q
  1. Dermatosis-related gingivitis
A

– Desquamative gingivitis

38
Q

Periodontitis as a Manifestation of
Systemic Disease
(5)

A
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection
  • Decreased numbers of leukocytes
  • Abnormal function of leukocytes
  • Papillon-Lefevre Syndrome
39
Q
  • Decreased numbers of leukocytes
A

– Neutropenia

40
Q
  • Abnormal function of leukocytes
A

– Leukocyte dysfunction syndromes

41
Q

Hairy Tongue
(3)

A
  • Elongated filliform papillae
  • Exogenous pigmentation may impart a brown
    or black appearance
  • Various associated factors
42
Q

Hairy Tongue
* Various associated factors
(2)

A

– Heavy smoking
– Antibiotic therapy

43
Q

Fordyce Granules
(2)

A
  • Ectopic sebaceous glands
  • Development stimulated at puberty
44
Q

Leukoplakia

A
  • A white patch or plaque that can’t be
    characterized clinically or pathologically
    as any other disease.
45
Q

Erythroplakia

A
  • A red patch or plaque that can’t be
    characterized clinically or pathologically
    as any other disease.
46
Q

Ulcer

A
  • A loss of continuity of the epithelium
    that penetrates to the the underlying
    connective tissue
47
Q

Oral Melanotic Macule
(3)

A
  • Focal increase in melanin
  • Normal number of melanocytes
  • Lower lip vermillion most common
48
Q

Clinical Types Lichen Planus
(2)

A
  • Reticular lichen planus
  • Erosive lichen planus
49
Q

Reticular Lichen Planus
(2)

A
  • Bilateral asymptomatic white lesions of
    posterior buccal mucosa (Wickham striae)
  • Also papules and plaques
50
Q

Geographic Tongue
(4)

A
  • Benign Migratory Glossitis
  • Erythema Areata Migrans
  • Stomatitis Areata Migrans
  • Wandering Rash of the Tongue
51
Q

Geographic Tongue
(4)

A
  • Cause unknown
    – Hypersensitivity to environmental factor ?
  • Common at tip and lateral border
  • Red
  • White
52
Q

Geographic Tongue
* Red

A

– Multiple erythematous zones
– Atrophy of filliform papillae

53
Q

Geographic Tongue
* White

A
  • Elevated, yellow-white, serpiginous border
54
Q

Histopathology: Geographic Tongue
(3)

A
  • Psoriasiform mucositis
    – Resembles psoriasis
  • Exocytosis of neutrophils into epithelium
  • Munro microabscesses

Pathology 2 (12 decks)

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