Common Newborn Problems Flashcards
How does erythema toxicum present?
Also called neonatal urticaria.
This is a common rash appearing at 2-3 days of age and consisting of white pinpoint papules at the centre of an erythematous base.
How do mongolian blue spots present?
These are blue or black macular discoloration at the base of the spine and on the buttocks and occasionally on the legs.
Usually occur in infants of black and asian descent.
Clinically insignificant but need to be noted so as not to misdiagnose as bruising.
Fade within 1st few years of life.
How do capillary haemangiomas present?
Pink macules on the upper eyelids, mid-forehead and nape of the neck are common and arise from distension of the dermal capillaries.
Those on the eyelids gradually fade over the first year; those on the neck become covered in hair.
What are the potential causes for feeding difficulties?
Cleft palate
Prematurity therefore cannot suck effectively
Poor breast feeding technique
Reflux
How does sticky eye present?
A common condition affected neonates in the first 48 hours after birth. There is yellow discharge from the corner of the eye and formation of a crust.
Occurs when fluid and debris block the tear ducts during childbirth.
Neonates struggle to produce tears therefore difficult to clear the blockage.
Eye should be washed in sterile water regularly to clear the debris.
What are the common injuries for the infant associated with birth?
Brachial plexus injury :due to traction of the brachial nerve roots. This may occur in breech deliveries or with shoulder dystocia can cause Erb palsy (affected arm lies straight, limp and with the hand pronated and the fingers flexed.
Usually recovers fully but needs referral if not recovered by 2/3months.
Cephalohaematoma: is a traumatic subperiosteal haematoma that occurs underneath the skin, in the periosteum of the infant’s skull bone. It does not cause any injury to brain cells and resolves within weeks.
