Common Network Protocols

Question 1

FTP

Answer 1

<ul>
<li>File Transfer Protocol</li>
<li>tcp/20- active mode data</li>
<li>tcp/21- control</li>
<li>Sends and retrieves files between systems.</li>
<li>Authenticates with username/password.</li>
<li>Some systems allow the username anonymous.</li>
<li>Full-featured.</li>
</ul>

Question 2

SSH

Answer 2

<ul>
<li>Secure Shell</li>
<li>tcp/22</li>
<li>Encrypted console access</li>
</ul>

Question 3

Telnet

Answer 3

<ul><li>Telecommunications Network</li><li>tcp/23</li><li>In-the-clear console access</li></ul>

Question 4

SMTP

Answer 4

<ul>
<li>Simple Mail Transfer Protocol</li>
<li>tcp/25</li>
<li>Server to server email transfer</li>
<li>Also used to send mail from a device to a mail server</li>
<li>Commonly configured on mobile devices
and email clients</li>
</ul>

Question 5

DNS

Answer 5

<ul>
<li>Domain Name System</li>
<li>tcp/53</li>
<li>udp/53</li>
<li>Convert domain names to IP addresses</li>
</ul>

Question 6

HTTP

Answer 6

<ul>
<li>Hypertext Transfer Protocol</li>
<li>tcp/80</li>
<li>Web server communication</li>
</ul>

Question 7

HTTPS

Answer 7

<ul>
<li>Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure</li>
<li>tcp/443</li>
<li>Web server communication with encryption</li>
<li>Supported by nearly all web servers and clients</li>
</ul>

Question 8

POP3

Answer 8

<ul>
<li>Post office Protocol v3</li>
<li>tcp/110</li>
<li>Receive email from an email server into a email client</li>
</ul>

Question 9

IMAP4

Answer 9

<ul>
<li>Internet Message Access Protocol v4</li>
<li>tcp/143</li>
<li>Includes all functionality of POP3, plus management of email inbox from multiple clients</li>
</ul>

Question 10

RDP

Answer 10

<ul>
<li>Remote Desktop Protocol</li>
<li>tcp/3389</li>
<li>Remote Desktop Services on many Windows versions</li>
<li>Can connect to an entire desktop
or just an application</li>
<li>Clients for many OSes</li>
<li>Graphical display of remote devices</li>
</ul>

Question 11

NetBIOS over TCP/IP

Answer 11

<ul>
<li>NetBIOS name service (nbname)</li>
<li>udp/137</li>
<li>Register, remove, and find Windows services by name</li>
<li>NetBIOS datagram service (nbdatagram)</li>
<li>udp/138</li>
<li>Windows connectionless data transfer</li>
<li>NetBIOS session service (nbsession)</li>
<li>tcp/139</li>
<li>Windows connection-oriented data transfer</li>
</ul>

Question 12

SMB

Answer 12

<ul>
<li>Server Message Block</li>
<li>tcp/445</li>
<li>Windows file transfers and printer sharing</li>
<li>Also called CIFS (Common Internet File System)</li>
<li>Full-featured</li>
</ul>

Question 13

AFP

Answer 13

<ul>
<li>Apple Filing Protocol</li>
<li>tcp/548</li>
<li>Mac OS file transfers/file services</li>
<li>Works with SLP to populate the list of available servers/services</li>
<li>Full-featured</li>
</ul>

Question 14

SLP

Answer 14

<ul>
<li>Service Location Protocol</li>
<li>tcp/427</li>
<li>udp/427</li>
<li>Find Mac OS services by name</li>
</ul>

Question 15

DHCP

Answer 15

<ul>
<li>Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol</li>
<li>udp/67</li>
<li>udp/68</li>
<li>Automated configuration of IP address, subnet mask
and other options</li>
<li>Requires a DHCP server</li>
<li>Dynamic assignment- IP addresses are assigned in real-time from a pool via lease and renewal system</li>
<li>Reservation assignment- Addresses are assigned by MAC address in the DHCP server</li>
</ul>

Question 16

LDAP

Answer 16

<ul>
<li>Lightweight Directory Access Protocol</li>
<li>tcp/389</li>
<li>Directory services</li>
<li>Commonly used for credentials/authentication</li>
</ul>

Question 17

SNMP

Answer 17

<ul>
<li>Simple Network Management Protocol</li>
<li>udp/161 for queries</li>
<li>udp/162 for traps</li>
<li>v1- Structured tables, in-the-clear</li>
<li>v2- Data type enhancements, bulk transfers (allowed many simultaneous queries), still in-the-clear</li>
<li>v3- Adds authentication and encryption</li>
</ul>