Common Names and Vocab Flashcards
Coelom
a cavity surrounding the organs that is mesoderm lined on both sides in true coeloms, lined by endoderm one on side and mesoderm on the other is psuedocoelomates, and absent and acoelomates
metamerism
segmentation aka a linear series of repeated body segments have the same or similar functions, while some segments may have specialized functions
lophophore
having ciliated tentacles surrounding the mouth OR having trochophore larvae
Turbellaria
Flat worms or freshwater planarians
Trematoda
Fluke - blood fluke, Chinese liver fluke etc
Cestoidae
tapeworms
Rotifera
no common name, but makes up a huge part of biomass, and is critical to the food web
Ectoprocta
Moss Animal / Bryozoa.
Brachiopoda
no common name, just remember that their shells are often not mirror images, and there is often a groove in them
Mollusca
snails, clams, squids, octopuses etc - important to many commerical industries due to the dye produced from different species (tyrian purple, sepia)
radula
tongue like organ used to rasp food (absent in bivalves, modified into a beak in squids)
hemolymph
blood like fluid in most invertebrates - transports nutrients and can act as a hydraulic skeleton
nephridia
tubular, glandular excretory organs. Can be protonephrida (flatworms) or metanephrida (earthworms)
Polyplacophora
chitins
Gastropoda
snails, slugs, limpets, conchs
Cephalopoda
Octopuses, squid, cuttlefish, nautilus
bivalvia
clams, oysters, scallops
Annelida
segmented worms
tagmatism
partial refusing of segments that allows specializations
protstome
forms mouth first in embryology
dueterstome
forms anus first in embryology
amphistomy
blastopore elongates laterally forming mouth and anus at the same time
chitin
a long chain polymer that makes most exoskeletons
clitellum
in oligochaeta - secretes mucus and cocoon for eggs
longitudinal muscles
pulls together to make organism ‘fatter’
circular muscles
squeezes across to make the organism ‘thinner’
oblique muscles
go diagonal across the body and aid in movement.
amebocyte
plays a role in immune system of worms and are also found in horseshoe crabs
parapodia
feet like protrusions on worms that help with surface area - some have setae
nephridpore
external opening to secrete waste fluid from the nephridium or in some from a bladder
crop
stores food before digestion
gizzard
organ for grinding food mechanically
setae
stiff bristle like protrusions on many worms
Ecdysis
shedding or casting off outer cuticle
epicuticle
waxy lipoprotein on outer shell
procuticle
with chitin, it hardens either by sclerotization or CaCO3
uniramous
appendage end in 1 point
biramous
appendage ends in two points
hemocoel
the space for open circulatory systems in some invertabrates
coxal glands
rid nitrogenous waste possibly homologous to metanephridia
malpighian tubules
adaptation for terrestrial environs - converts to uric acid to reduce water loss
book lungs
internal organs made of very thin layers called lamellae - different from book gills in that they are internal
diplopodia
millipedes
chilopoda
centipedes
chelicerata - merostomata
horseshoe crab
chelicerata arachnida
scorpions, spiders, ticks, mites
crustacea
cray fish, crab, lobster
mandibles
chewing mouthparts
chelicerae
fanglike or claw like structures for grasping or injecting venom
branchiopoda
brine shrimp
maxillopoda
barnacles
malacostraca
rolly-poly, decapods
ametabolous metamorphosis
little to no change between larval and adult (silverfish)
hemimetabolous
egg, nymph, adult stages (Mayfly, dragon fly)
holometabolus
egg, larval, pupa, adult. (butterfly, mosquitos)
chaetagnatha
arrow worm.
