Common liver, gallbladder and pancreatic conditions Flashcards
primary sclerosing cholangitis complications
acute bacterial cholangitis
cholangiocarcinoma
colorectal cancer
cirrhosis and liver failure
primary sclerosing cholangitis symptoms
jaundice
pruritis
RUQ pain
fatigue
primary sclerosing cholangitis investigations
GOLD STANDARD MRCP showing beaded appearance
p-ANCA, p-ANA
LFTs: raised ALP, rise in bilirubin
primary sclerosing cholangitis risk factors
Chrohn’s or UC
Male
30-40
primary sclerosing cholangitis
pathophys
intra and extra hepatic bile ducts become inflamed and scarred, narrowed and blocked (as oppose to PBC which is only intra)
acute cholecystitis treatment
cholecystectomy and imaging
Murphy’s sign
pressing down on gallbladder while patients breathes out: will cause pain
acute cholecystitis treatment
antibiotics and analgesia
acute cholecystitis symptoms
constant RUQ pain
fever
positive Murphys sign
risk factors for gall stones
5 Fs
fat
female
fertile
forty
family history
biliary colic definitive management
laparoscopic cholecystectomy (gall bladder removal)
biliary colic symptoms
colicky abdominal pain, worst after a fatty meal
biliary colic pathophys
stones in the cystic duct or common bile duct of the biliary tree
cholangitis features
patient severely septic and unwell
jaundice
ruq pain
cholangitis treatment
fluid resuscitation
broad spectrum IV antibiotics
correct coagulopathy
cholangitis pathophys
inflammation of the bile duct caused by gallstones or bacteria
cholangitis features
patient severely septic and unwell
jaundice
ruq pain
Primary biliary colangitis: 3 Ms
IgM
anti-Microbial antibodies M2 subtype
Middle age females
isolated increase in bilirubin in response to physiological stress is due to…
Gilberts Disease
What type of genetic pattern is Gilberts Disease
autosomal recessive
what is deficient in Gilberts disease
UDP glucuronosyltransferase
features of Gilberts disease
unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia
investigations of Gilberts disease
rise in bilirubin following fasting or IV nicotinic acid
acute cholecystitis pathophys
progression of biliary colic to infection
common causative bacteria of cholangitis
E COLI
acute cholecystitis imaging
ultrasound first
then MRCP
