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403: GP > Common infections > Flashcards

Common infections Flashcards

1
Q

What parasite most commonly causes threadworms in the UK

A

Enterobius vermicularis

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2
Q

Eggs of threadworms can live in house for ________

A

Up to 2 weeks

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3
Q

Investigation for threadworms

A

Sellotape glass slide

- Place on anus in the morning

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4
Q

______ (brandname) is first line treatment for threadworms

A

Mebendazole (Vermox)

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5
Q

Mebendazole is contraindicated in the ______ trimester of pregnancy

A

First

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6
Q

Treatment for threadworms is repeated after _____ days/weeks

A

2 weeks

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7
Q

Hygiene advice for threadworms on the first day.

A

Washing clothes/ bedding/ towels/ nightwear in warm water. Dry properly

Hovering carpet/ matress

Thorough cleaning of bathroom

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8
Q

Hygiene advice for threadworms for week 2

A

Closely fitted underpants at night. Change every morning

Wash anus thorough in morning, scrub nails

Clip nails

Discourage finger sucking/ nail biting.

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9
Q

First line medication for headlice is ______ (brandname)

A

Dimeticone (Hedrin)

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10
Q

Second line medication for headlice is ______ (brandname)

A

Malathion (Derbac M)

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11
Q

Wet combin advise for headlice

A

4 sessions over 2 weeks

  • Every 4 days from day 1.
  • At least 10 mins for short hair.
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12
Q

First line management of chest infection CURB 65= 0

A

Self-care
- Hydrate, rest, simple analgesia

Antibiotics

  • Amoxicillin/ clarithromycin 500mg TDS 5/7
  • Doxycycline 200mg then 100mg 5/7
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13
Q

First line management of chest infection CURB 65= 1-2

A

Consider hospital admission

Self care

Antibiotics

  • Amoxicillin + clarithromycin (atypical infection)
  • Doxycycline
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14
Q

Management of pneumonia CURB 65 =/> 3

A

Urgent hospital assessment.

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15
Q

Safety netting for chest infections

A
  • Symptoms worsen rapidly
  • Symptoms do not improve significantly after 3 days
  • Become systemically unwell
  • Antibiotics does not improve symptoms significantly
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16
Q

X-ray is indicated as a follow up for chest infection when…

A

Symptoms persist despite antibiotics

high risk of malignancy (i.e. >50, smoker)

17
Q

1 week after starting antibiotics for pneumonia, ____ should have resolved

A

Fever

18
Q

4 week after starting antibiotics for pneumonia, ____ should have improved significantly

A

Chest pain and sputum production

19
Q

6 week after starting antibiotics for pneumonia, ____ should have resolved

A

Breathlessness and cough

20
Q

3 months after starting antibiotics for pneumonia, ____ may persist

A

Fatigue

21
Q

Symptoms of pneumonia may not take until _____ to fully resolve

A

6 months

22
Q

Features of Centor criteria

A

tender Cervical lymphadenopathy

Exudative tonsils

No Cough

Temperature >38

Age

  • 3-14 = 1
  • 15-44 = 0
  • > 45= -1
23
Q

Antibiotic prescription for tonsillitis

A

Pen V (phenoxymethylpenicillin) QDS / clarithromycin

24
Q

Saftey net for sore throat

A

Fever >38

Rash

Unable to eat/ drink

Drowsy

25
Q

Lifestyle advice for UTI

A

Frequent hydration

Sodium citrate sachets

Peeing after sex

26
Q

Medical management of UTI (women, uncomplicated)

A

Pain + fever= Paracetamol

  1. Nitrofurantoin 100mg BD 3 days
  2. Trimethoprim 200 BD 3/7
  3. Pivmecillinam 400mg, then 200mg TDS 3/7
  4. Fosfomycin 3g satchet
27
Q

Management of haematuria in UTI

A

Treat with antibiotics and retest urine.

If still present

  • Refer for cancer as appropriate: urological, gynae.
  • Consider CKD- refer to secondary care
28
Q

Management of recurrent UTI in women

A

Treat acute UTI, send cultures

Advice on behavioural practices

Vaginal oestrogen

  • If underlying cause is investigated and behavioural methods don’t work
  • Review in 12 months

Consider antibiotic prophylaxis (single dose)

29
Q

Antibiotic choice in pregnancy for UTI

A
  1. Nitrofurantoin (avoid at term) 100mg MR BD, 7/7
  2. Amoxicillin 500mg TDS 7/7 (if sensitive)
  3. Cefalexin 500mg BD 7.7
30
Q

Asymptomatic bacteruria management in pregnancy

A

Nitrofurantoin 100mg MR BD, 7/7

Amoxicillin TDS 500mg, 7/7

Cefalexin 500mg BD 7/7

31
Q

Catheter UTI in women is treated for…

A

7 days

32
Q

Lower UTI in men should be managed for…

A

7 Days

33
Q

Who should be avoided when infected with chickenpox

A

Pregnant women

Babies <4 weeks

Nursery/ school until lesions have crusted

Immuncompromised people

34
Q

Complications of chickenpox

A

Bacterial superinfection

Neurological

  • Reye’s syndrome
  • Cerebellar ataxia
  • Encephalitis

Systemic
- All the itis

35
Q

First line antibiotic for AOM

A

Amoxicillin PO

Clarithromycin for pen allergy

403: GP (9 decks)

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