common humanity

Question 1

paragraph 1 point 1

Answer 1

all socialist agree that people are social beings, we seek to achieve our goals on a collective basis, human nature can be improved by the overhaul of reform of capitalism.

Question 2

paragraph 1 point 2

Answer 2

revolutionary socialists (Marx/Engels) believe capitalism creates selfish, greedy, and ruthless beings. they say behaviour is shaped by economic system and the WC need to overthrow capitalism

Question 3

paragraph 1 point 3

Answer 3

third way (giddens) disagrees with this and says that capitalism generates wealth and is vital to ensure equality of opportunity, focus on education and 21st century skills

Question 4

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Answer 4

democratic socialists, webb agrees with Luxemburg in that the state is necessary to ensure freedom of speech and the press. they say democratic elections are necessary.

Question 5

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Answer 5

• however, democratic socialists want an evolutionary reform of capitalism whereas revolutionary want a revolution.
• webb claims that revolutions are unproductive and wants to reforms capitalism through elections.
• she says full franchise would lead to election of a socialist party that would govern in the interest of the WC - highly educated technocratic elite would run the state to ensure political and socio-economic reform leading to equality of outcome.
  state is essential to maintain common humanity and freedom

Question 6

paragraph 3 point 1

Answer 6

• most socialists agree over the concern about the damaging potential of unchecked capitalism.
• social democrats agree with this and say more equitable state could be achieved through intervention based on Keynesian economics.
• crosland said to expand welfare state and redistribute wealth to create more social justice.
• he argued for mixed economy rather than public ownership to guarantee full employment and economic growth.

Question 7

paragraph 3 point 2

Answer 7

third way disagrees with this. gidden says free market economics is irreversible and focuses on neo-liberal ideas.
-he argued to move away from universal welfare to means tested such a higher education student paying towards their education.