Common Gynecological Disease Flashcards by Deleted Deleted

Mentrual Disorder

Amenorrhea

No menses

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Mentrual Disorder

Dysmenorrhea

Painful period

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Mentrual Disorder

Prementrual Syndrome

Mood swings

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Mentrual Disorder

Abnormal Uterine Bleeding (AUB)

excessive, prolonged bleeding

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Mentrual Disorder

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PDD)

Severe PMS that leads to depression

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Mentrual Disorder

Endometriosis

Thickening of the uterus

Risk factors: infertillity, scar tissue; eggs and sperm are unable to penetrate (implantation)

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Common Symptoms of Menopause

Premenopause

Cramps, anxiety, mood swings, irritatibility, nausea

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Common Symptoms of Menopause

Perimenopause

Vaginal dryness, mood swingsm hot flashes, loss of libido, irregular periods

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Common Symptoms of Menopause

Menopause

Hot flashes, loss of libido, night sweats, irregular periods

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Common Symptoms of Menopause

Postmenopause

Inscreased risk of osteoporosis, Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), UTI

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Medical Abortion

Misoprostol and Mifepristone Tablets

Use misopristone to stop baby from growing.
Adminsiter misopristol (cytotec) 24-48 hours afterwards for the uterus to dilate, contract, and expulse.

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Abortion Procedure

Dilation & Curettage (D&C)

Cervix is dilated, then products are removed by suction.
Uterus is gently scraped by cutterage.
20 minutes procedure.

*Vacuum Aspiration can follow D&C to remove remnants. Complications: bleeding, retained tissue, cervical repair, infection.

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Permanent Contraceptive

Vasectomy

Purpose & Pt. Education

Sterilzation for men with local anesthesia.
Vas deferens is cut out.

Post-Op Client Education:
* Patient must send sperm sample for 8-16 weeks until there is no sperm count.

*However procedure is eventually reversible.

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Permanent Contraceptive

Tubal Ligation

Sterilization for women.
Fallopian tubes are either…
- cut and cauterized
- tied and cut
- clipped or banded

POST-OP Client Ed.: 3 months of contraception.

Complication: The surgucal cut cauterizes.

*This procedure is not recommended for younger women, because their cells regenerate quickly.

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Abortion Procedure

Vacuum Aspiration

Most Comon Method & Potential Complications

Usage of vacuum source to remove and embryo or fetus.

Potential Complications include:
* Fever 100.4 F
* Chills
* Heavy bleeding
* Smelly discharge
* Severe abdominal pain or tenderness

*Includes anesthesia

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Emergency Contraception

Progestin Pill - Plan B

Prevents implantation and does not disrupt implanted preganancy.

How to use:
* Take within 72-120 hourse after unprotected sex.
* Administer 1.5 mg.

Emergency Contraception

Ulipristal Acetate (UPA) - Ella

An oral progesterone receptor agonist–antagonist.
* Take 120 hours post unprotected sex.
* Admnister 30 mg.

*Prescription required.

Potential Complication of Intrauterine Device (IUD)

P.A.I.N.S.

Period irregularities
Abdominal pain (dyspareunia)
Infection (abnormal discharge)
Not feeling well
String missing

Hormonal Contraceptive

The Nova Ring

A ring-shaped, flexible contraceptive inserted inside the vagina.
* Must be the inserted by the HCP after first time use.
* 99.7% effective
* S/S: Vaginal discharge.
* S/E: ring odor, expulsion.

*can still get pregnant

Hormonal Contraceptive

Transdermal Patch

Sticker that seeps into the subcutaneous tissue to prevent the egg joining the sperm.

Pt. Ed:
- Rotate patches around different areas for every replacement.
- Most be worn for three weeks.

*prescription is required.

Hormonal Contraceptive

Mini Pill

(ORAL)

Progesterone only.
Given in lower dose.
Can use while breastfeeding.

*DOES NOT PROTECT against STIs

Signs of Potential Complication of Oral Contraceptives

A.C.H.E.S.

Abdominal pain (gallbladder/liver)
Chest pain (SOB, blood clot, PE)
Headaches (sudden or constant CVA/HTN)
Eye problems (vascular or HTN)
Severe leg pain (DVT)

Hormonal Contraceptive

Depo-Provera Injection

IM Injection

Consists of **progestin **that injected to the woman’s arm or butt.
Effective for 12 weeks.
Safest option for the mother.

S/E: wt gain, ACHE, and depression

*DOES NOT protect against STIs, must be prescribed.

Hormonal Contraceptive

Long-Acting Reversible Contraceptives (LARCs) IUD

Hormonal vs. Nonhormonal, Nurse Considerations

“T” Shaped
Hormonal IUD (minera) - lasts for 3 to 7 years
Nonhormonal (Copper)* - lasts for 10 years

Nursing Considerations
- teach patient for presence of string (during ADLs)

*IUD feels like menstrual cramps

# Hormonal Contraceptive The Pill | Benefits, Contradindications, Nurse Implications

Benefits: - decreased menses - decreased risk for iron deficiency anemia - regulated menstual cycle - decreased S/S in PMS - improves acne - protects against ovarian/endometrial cycle - decreases in benign breast disease Contraindications - Hx of thromboembolic disorders, cerebrovacular/ heart disease, breast cancer, gallbladder disease, pregancy, liver disease, smoker (>35 y/o), HTN, Diabetes (>20 years) Nursing Implications - If one pill is missed, take one ASAP. Then use a back contraceptive (i.e. condoms) ## Footnote *Birth control can increase blood clots.

Client Education for Hormonal Method

* COC: estrogen and progesterone * Hormonal pill supresses ovulation * Thickens cervical mucus * Alters uterine lining to prevent implantation * Observe for adverse effects * Take pill ASAP if pilled missed and use a back up. * Herbals (i.e St. John's disease) decreases effectiveness. * AntiTB, antifungals, anticonvulsants, anti-HIV, and protease inhibitors decrease effectiveness.

When to use procedural and medicinal methods for abortion? | D&C, Vacuum Aspiration, and Medices ## Footnote Abortion: The interuption of pregnancy before 20 weeks of gestation. Types: Elective; Spontaneous (Miscarriage)

* Before 12 to 13 weeks of gestation use abortion pills (misopristol and mifepristone). * After the 12th or 13th week, remove remnants from D&C and/or V.A.

# Barrier Method Condoms | For both females and males.

* Female Condoms: Made of polyurethane (95% effective) * Male Condoms: latex or plastic (98% effective)

# Barrier Method Diaphragm

Replace every 1-2 years and/ or after 10 lbs weight gain or loss; abdominal surgery or pregnancy. Must be inserted 2 hours and stay 6 hours afterwards, but no longer than 24 hours. Use spermicide. ## Footnote *Prevents STIs

# Barrier Method Cervical Caps

* Can be inserted 36 hours prior intercourse. * Can be changed after one year. * Must go to HCP for fitting. ## Footnote *Prevents STIs

# Barrier Method Contraceptive Sponge

* Insert 24 hours prior intercourse * No fitting is required by HCP ## Footnote *DOES NOT prevent STIs

# Behavorial Contraceptive Abstinance

Not have intercourse - at all.

# Behavorial Awareness Fertility Awareness ## Footnote Cervical Mucus, Ovulation, Basal Body Temp, Symptothermal, Standard Days, 2 Day Methods

* Cervical Mucus Ovulation Method: observe vagina for jelly like symptoms * Basal Body Temp: Assess increase in body temp by 0.5 to 1 degrees up to three days during ovulation * Symptothermal: combination of cervical and basal methos * Standard Days: county days to most fertile * 2 Day Methods: noting to see if fertile by looking at secretions on days 1 and 2

# Behavorial Method Withrawal Method (Coiptus Interuptus)

Pulling out penis prior ejaculation.

# Behavorial Method Lactational Amenorrhea Method

The mother with no menses continuously breast feed until unable to get pregnant.

Infertility | Manifestations & Nurse Interventions

Manifestations - Overweight, STIs, genetics, thyroids, abortions, amenorrhea, drugs, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (POCs), smoking Nursing Interventions - Infertility leads to stress, and vice versa. - Explain the role of the genetic counselor, reproductive specialist etc. - Allow couples to express feelings - Monitor the use of medications* - Help consider options ## Footnote *using medications puts future at risk for multiple birth defects

Common Gynecological Disease Flashcards

Chapter 4