Common Facts

Question 1

What are the two most important construction materials?

Answer 1

Iron and steels.

Question 2

True or False: The production of iron and steel is based on the reduction of iron oxide

Answer 2

True.

Question 3

Fill in the blank: Iron and steels are primarily used in _______.

Answer 3

construction.

Question 4

What is the primary element used in the production of steel?

Answer 4

Iron.

Question 5

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a property of steel? A) Ductility B) Brittleness C) Strength D) Conductivity

Answer 5

B) Brittleness.

Question 6

True or False: Steel is an alloy primarily made of iron and carbon.

Answer 6

True.

Question 7

What role does carbon play in steel?

Answer 7

It increases strength and hardness.

Question 8

Fill in the blank: The main source of iron is _______.

Answer 8

iron ore.

Question 9

Multiple Choice: Which type of iron has the highest carbon content? A) Cast Iron B) Wrought Iron C) Steel D) Pig Iron

Answer 9

D) Pig Iron.

Question 10

What is the significance of the term ‘red’ in the context of iron production?

Answer 10

It refers to the red color of iron oxide.

Question 11

True or False: Steel can be recycled indefinitely without losing its properties.

Answer 11

True.

Question 12

Fill in the blank: The process of removing impurities from iron is called _______.

Answer 12

refining.

Question 13

What is the main environmental concern associated with iron production?

Answer 13

Carbon emissions.

Question 14

True or False: All forms of steel are magnetic.

Answer 14

False.

Question 15

What is the impact of alloying elements on the properties of steel?

Answer 15

They modify strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance.

Question 16

Multiple Choice: Which steel is known for its high resistance to corrosion? A) Carbon Steel B) Stainless Steel C) Tool Steel D) Alloy Steel

Answer 16

B) Stainless Steel.

Question 17

What is the main advantage of using steel in construction?

Answer 17

High strength-to-weight ratio.

Question 18

True or False: The production of steel is a highly energy-intensive process.

Answer 18

True.

Question 19

What is an example of a construction application for steel?

Answer 19

Structural frameworks for buildings.

Question 20

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is a disadvantage of using iron in construction? A) High strength B) Corrosion susceptibility C) Ductility D) Availability

Answer 20

B) Corrosion susceptibility.

Question 21

What is the relationship between iron and steel in construction materials?

Answer 21

Steel is an alloy derived from iron.

Question 22

What are the metals restricted to collection items in the UK?

Answer 22

Au and Ag

Au refers to gold and Ag refers to silver, which are not used in everyday currency.

Question 23

What material are contemporary UK ‘copper’ coins made from?

Answer 23

Copper-coated steel

This indicates that the coins are not made of pure copper.

Question 24

What is the composition of ‘silver’ UK coins?

Answer 24

Cu/Ni alloy

This means that the coins are made from a combination of copper and nickel.

Question 25

What role do many metals and their compounds play in the chemical industry?

Answer 25

Essential catalysts ## Footnote Catalysts are substances that increase the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed.

Question 26

What catalyst is used in the oxidation of SO2 in the manufacture of sulphuric acid?

Answer 26

V2O5 ## Footnote Vanadium pentoxide is a key catalyst in this process.

Question 27

What forms the basis of the Ziegler catalysts used to manufacture polyethylene?

Answer 27

TiCl4 with Al(CH3)3 ## Footnote This combination is crucial for the polymerization process in polyethylene production.

Question 28

What catalysts are used in the Haber process?

Answer 28

Iron catalysts ## Footnote The Haber process synthesizes ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen.

Question 29

What do nickel catalysts enable in the chemical process?

Answer 29

Hydrogenation of fats ## Footnote This process is essential in the production of margarine and other fat products.

Question 30

What is catalysed by PdCl2 in the Wacker process?

Answer 30

Oxidation of ethyne to ethanal ## Footnote This reaction is significant in organic chemistry for producing aldehydes.

Question 31

Nickel complexes are useful in the polymerisation of which compounds?

Answer 31

Alkynes and organic compounds such as benzene ## Footnote This highlights the versatility of nickel complexes in organic synthesis.

Question 32

What compound is relied upon in the photographic industry for its light-sensitive properties?

Answer 32

AgBr ## Footnote Silver bromide is a key component in traditional photography.

Question 33

What are the most important construction materials?

Answer 33

Iron and steels ## Footnote Iron and steels are widely used due to their strength and versatility in construction.

Question 34

What is the primary process for the production of iron and steels?

Answer 34

Reduction of iron oxides, removal of impurities, addition of carbon and alloying metals ## Footnote The production process involves several steps to enhance the properties of iron and steel.

Question 35

Name three alloying metals used in the production of iron and steels.

Answer 35

* Cr (Chromium) * Mn (Manganese) * Ni (Nickel) ## Footnote These alloying metals improve specific properties of the final material.

Question 36

What special compound is manufactured for the pigment industry?

Answer 36

TiO ## Footnote Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is commonly used as a pigment due to its high opacity.

Question 37

Which compound is used in dry battery cells?

Answer 37

MnO2 ## Footnote Manganese dioxide (MnO2) serves as a cathode material in alkaline batteries.

Question 38

What elements are required by the battery industry?

Answer 38

* Zn (Zinc) * Ni (Nickel) * Cd (Cadmium) ## Footnote These elements are essential for the production of various types of batteries.

Question 39

True or False: The elements of Group 11 are referred to as coinage metals.

Answer 39

True ## Footnote Group 11 elements, including copper, silver, and gold, are traditionally known as coinage metals due to their historical use in currency.