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Phase 2B > Common drugs and their condition > Flashcards

Common drugs and their condition Flashcards

1
Q

Give an example of a calcium channel blocker:

A

Amlodipine or Verapamil

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2
Q

What classification of drug are amlodipine and verapamil?

A

Calcium channel blockers

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3
Q

Give an example of a beta blocker:

A

Atenolol or Bisoprolol

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4
Q

Give an example of an ACE inhibitor:

A

Ramipril or Linsinopril

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5
Q

Give an example of a statin:

A

Atorvastatin or Simvastatin

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6
Q

What is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors?

A

Dry cough

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7
Q

Give an example of an ARB

A

Losartan or Candesartan

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8
Q

Give an example of a thiazide diuretic:

A

Hydrochlorothiazide

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9
Q

Give an example of a loop diuretic:

A

Furosemide (or Bumetanide)

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10
Q

Give an example of a potassium sparing diuretic:

A

Spironolactone

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11
Q

Give an example of an antiarrhythmic:

A

Amiodarone or Flecainide

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12
Q

What is the first line treatment in haemodynamically unstable AF?

A

Cardioversion - either electrical OR pharmacological (use antiarrhythmic drugs - amiodarone)

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13
Q

What drugs are used for rate control in patients with (haemodynamically stable) AF?

A

Beta blockers or calcium channel blockers.

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14
Q

Give an example of a direct-acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC):

A

Rivaroxaban or Apixaban

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15
Q

Give an example of a vitamin K antagonist:

A

Warfarin

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16
Q

What drugs are used as preventative agents (for heart attack and stroke) for patients with AF?

A

DOACs or vitamin K antagonists

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17
Q

What is used to treat narrow complex tachycardia?

A

Adenosine

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18
Q

What is mechanism of action of adenosine?

A

Transient complete AV node blockade

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19
Q

Give an example of an anti-thyroid drug:

A

Carbimazole or Propylthiouracil

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20
Q

Give an example of a dopamine agonsit:

A

Cabergoline or ropinirole

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21
Q

Name 2 condition in which it would be suitable to prescribe dopamine agonists:

A

1) Parkinson’s disease

2) Acromegaly

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22
Q

Give an example of a somatostatin analogue

A

Ocreotide

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23
Q

Give an example of a growth hormone receptor antagonist:

A

Pegvisomant

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24
Q

Give an example of a glucocorticoid:

A

Cortisol

OR Hydrocortisone
OR Prednisolone
OR dexamethasone

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25
Q

Give an example of a mineralocorticoid:

A

Aldosterone (or Fludrocortisone)

26
Q

Give an example of a thyroid hormone replacement:

A

Levothyroxine

27
Q

Give 2 examples of DMARDS:

A

1) Methotrexate

2) Sulfasalazine

28
Q

Give an example of a TNF-alpha inhibitor:

A

Infliximab

29
Q

In what conditions would you use DMARDS?

A

1) Rheumatoid arthritis
2) Reactive arthritis
3) Psoriatic arthritis
4) Lupus (hydroxychloroquine)

30
Q

Give an example of an immunosuppressant drug:

A

1) Rituximab

2) Azathioprine

31
Q

What is the preventative treatment for gout?

A

Allopurinol

32
Q

Give an example of a bisphosphonate:

A

Alendronate

33
Q

Give an example of an alpha blocke: give an example of what condition it may be suitable to prescibe:

A

Doxazosin

In benign prostatic hyperplasia if severe voiding issues

34
Q

Give an example of a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor: - give an example of what condition it may be prescribed in

A

Finasteride

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

35
Q

Give an example of a 5-aminosalicylic acid: - give an example of what condition it may be prescribed in

A

Mesalazine

Ulcerative colitis

36
Q

What is thiamine more commonly known as?

A

Vitamin B1

37
Q

What is the drug of choice for patients with an ischaemic stroke onset < 4.5 hours ago?

A

IV alteplase

38
Q

Give an example of an L-DOPA with peripheral DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor:

A

Combined:

Levodopa and Carbidopa

39
Q

Give an example of an MAO-B inhibitor: - give an example of what condition it is used in

A

Selegiline

Parkinson’s disease

40
Q

In what condition would B-interferon be prescribed?

A

Multiple sclerosis (particularly relapsing)

41
Q

Give an example of a sodium channel blockers: - give an example of why this might be used

A

Riluzole

Motor neurone disease (to slow glutamate release)

42
Q

What are the anti-epileptic drugs used in generalised tonic clonic epileptic seizures?

A

Lamotrigine and Sodium valproate

43
Q

What is a contraindication for the use of sodium valproate?

A

It should be avoided in women of child bearing age

as significant risk of birth defects and developmental disorders

44
Q

What are the anti-epileptic drugs used in petit mals?

A

Sodium valproate and ethosuximide

45
Q

What are the anti-epileptic drugs used in partial/focal seizures?

A

1) Lamotrigine
2) Carbamazepine
3) Phenytoin

46
Q

In what conditions may carbamazepine be prescribed?

A

1) Epilepsy

2) Trigeminal neuralgia

47
Q

Give an example of a benzodiazepine: - state in what conditions it may be prescribed in

A

Diazepam

1) Anxiety
2) Seizures
3) Muscle spasms
4) Alcohol withdrawal symptoms

48
Q

Give an example of a drug taken to reduce intracranial pressure:

A

Mannitol

49
Q

Give an example of a serotonin agonist: - state what condition it may be used in

A

Triptans e.g. sumatriptan

1) Severe migraines

50
Q

In what scenario would aciclovir be prescribed?

A

Where herpes was suspected/confirmed as the causative agent

51
Q

Give an example of a short acting beta agonists:

- and what condition they are used in

A

Albuterol or Salbutamol

Asthma
COPD

52
Q

Give an example of a long acting beta agonists:

- and what condition they are used in

A

Salmeterol or Formoterol

Asthma
COPD

53
Q

Give an example of a short acting antimuscarinic:

- and what condition they are used in

A

Ipratopium

COPD

54
Q

Give an example of a long acting antimuscarinic:

- and what condition they are used in

A

Tiotropium

COPD

55
Q

What drugs are used to treat tuberculosis?

A

RIPE

Rifampicin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol

56
Q

What is pirfenidone used to treat?

A

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

57
Q

What is used to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?

A

Pirfenidone

58
Q

What is the treatment for malaria?

A

Non-falciparum = Choloquine

Falciparum = IV quinine dihydrochloride

59
Q

Give an example of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor:

- give an example of what condition you would find this in

A

Imatinib

Chronic myeloid leukaemia

60
Q

What are the (common) side effects of methorexate?

A

Folate deficiency - take supplements

Nausea and vomiting
Mouth ulcers

Phase 2B (1 decks)

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