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Phase 2B > Common drugs and their condition > Flashcards

Common drugs and their condition Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

Give an example of a calcium channel blocker:

A

Amlodipine or Verapamil

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2
Q

What classification of drug are amlodipine and verapamil?

A

Calcium channel blockers

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3
Q

Give an example of a beta blocker:

A

Atenolol or Bisoprolol

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4
Q

Give an example of an ACE inhibitor:

A

Ramipril or Linsinopril

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5
Q

Give an example of a statin:

A

Atorvastatin or Simvastatin

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6
Q

What is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors?

A

Dry cough

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7
Q

Give an example of an ARB

A

Losartan or Candesartan

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8
Q

Give an example of a thiazide diuretic:

A

Hydrochlorothiazide

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9
Q

Give an example of a loop diuretic:

A

Furosemide (or Bumetanide)

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10
Q

Give an example of a potassium sparing diuretic:

A

Spironolactone

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11
Q

Give an example of an antiarrhythmic:

A

Amiodarone or Flecainide

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12
Q

What is the first line treatment in haemodynamically unstable AF?

A

Cardioversion - either electrical OR pharmacological (use antiarrhythmic drugs - amiodarone)

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13
Q

What drugs are used for rate control in patients with (haemodynamically stable) AF?

A

Beta blockers or calcium channel blockers.

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14
Q

Give an example of a direct-acting oral anticoagulant (DOAC):

A

Rivaroxaban or Apixaban

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15
Q

Give an example of a vitamin K antagonist:

A

Warfarin

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16
Q

What drugs are used as preventative agents (for heart attack and stroke) for patients with AF?

A

DOACs or vitamin K antagonists

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17
Q

What is used to treat narrow complex tachycardia?

A

Adenosine

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18
Q

What is mechanism of action of adenosine?

A

Transient complete AV node blockade

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19
Q

Give an example of an anti-thyroid drug:

A

Carbimazole or Propylthiouracil

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20
Q

Give an example of a dopamine agonsit:

A

Cabergoline or ropinirole

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21
Q

Name 2 condition in which it would be suitable to prescribe dopamine agonists:

A

1) Parkinson’s disease

2) Acromegaly

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22
Q

Give an example of a somatostatin analogue

A

Ocreotide

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23
Q

Give an example of a growth hormone receptor antagonist:

A

Pegvisomant

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24
Q

Give an example of a glucocorticoid:

A

Cortisol

OR Hydrocortisone
OR Prednisolone
OR dexamethasone

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25
Give an example of a mineralocorticoid:
Aldosterone (or Fludrocortisone)
26
Give an example of a thyroid hormone replacement:
Levothyroxine
27
Give 2 examples of DMARDS:
1) Methotrexate | 2) Sulfasalazine
28
Give an example of a TNF-alpha inhibitor:
Infliximab
29
In what conditions would you use DMARDS?
1) Rheumatoid arthritis 2) Reactive arthritis 3) Psoriatic arthritis 4) Lupus (hydroxychloroquine)
30
Give an example of an immunosuppressant drug:
1) Rituximab | 2) Azathioprine
31
What is the preventative treatment for gout?
Allopurinol
32
Give an example of a bisphosphonate:
Alendronate
33
Give an example of an alpha blocke: give an example of what condition it may be suitable to prescibe:
Doxazosin In benign prostatic hyperplasia if severe voiding issues
34
Give an example of a 5-alpha reductase inhibitor: - give an example of what condition it may be prescribed in
Finasteride Benign prostatic hyperplasia
35
Give an example of a 5-aminosalicylic acid: - give an example of what condition it may be prescribed in
Mesalazine Ulcerative colitis
36
What is thiamine more commonly known as?
Vitamin B1
37
What is the drug of choice for patients with an ischaemic stroke onset < 4.5 hours ago?
IV alteplase
38
Give an example of an L-DOPA with peripheral DOPA decarboxylase inhibitor:
Combined: | Levodopa and Carbidopa
39
Give an example of an MAO-B inhibitor: - give an example of what condition it is used in
Selegiline Parkinson's disease
40
In what condition would B-interferon be prescribed?
Multiple sclerosis (particularly relapsing)
41
Give an example of a sodium channel blockers: - give an example of why this might be used
Riluzole Motor neurone disease (to slow glutamate release)
42
What are the anti-epileptic drugs used in generalised tonic clonic epileptic seizures?
Lamotrigine and Sodium valproate
43
What is a contraindication for the use of sodium valproate?
It should be avoided in women of child bearing age | as significant risk of birth defects and developmental disorders
44
What are the anti-epileptic drugs used in petit mals?
Sodium valproate and ethosuximide
45
What are the anti-epileptic drugs used in partial/focal seizures?
1) Lamotrigine 2) Carbamazepine 3) Phenytoin
46
In what conditions may carbamazepine be prescribed?
1) Epilepsy | 2) Trigeminal neuralgia
47
Give an example of a benzodiazepine: - state in what conditions it may be prescribed in
Diazepam 1) Anxiety 2) Seizures 3) Muscle spasms 4) Alcohol withdrawal symptoms
48
Give an example of a drug taken to reduce intracranial pressure:
Mannitol
49
Give an example of a serotonin agonist: - state what condition it may be used in
Triptans e.g. sumatriptan 1) Severe migraines
50
In what scenario would aciclovir be prescribed?
Where herpes was suspected/confirmed as the causative agent
51
Give an example of a short acting beta agonists: | - and what condition they are used in
Albuterol or Salbutamol Asthma COPD
52
Give an example of a long acting beta agonists: | - and what condition they are used in
Salmeterol or Formoterol Asthma COPD
53
Give an example of a short acting antimuscarinic: | - and what condition they are used in
Ipratopium COPD
54
Give an example of a long acting antimuscarinic: | - and what condition they are used in
Tiotropium COPD
55
What drugs are used to treat tuberculosis?
RIPE Rifampicin Isoniazid Pyrazinamide Ethambutol
56
What is pirfenidone used to treat?
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
57
What is used to treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?
Pirfenidone
58
What is the treatment for malaria?
Non-falciparum = Choloquine Falciparum = IV quinine dihydrochloride
59
Give an example of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor: | - give an example of what condition you would find this in
Imatinib Chronic myeloid leukaemia
60
What are the (common) side effects of methorexate?
Folate deficiency - take supplements Nausea and vomiting Mouth ulcers

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