Common Disorders Flashcards
What are the 9 physical characteristic changes in the geriatric community?
- Thinning of epidermis
- Decreased Resiliency
- Dehydration
- Males: ED Females: Dry (lack of estrogen)
- Decreased muscle mass
- Slowed reflexes
- Higher risk for orthostatic hypotension
- Decreased ability to cough and expectorate sputum
- Easy Bruising
Two most common types of disease in the geriatric community
- PNA
2. UTI
Most common sign of infection in the elderly?
- Confusion
2. Weakness
Confusion is not normal, usually 2/2:
- Dehydration
2. Medication
Nursing interventions for constipation
- Increase Activity
- Increase fiber
- Increase hydration
What is orthostatic hypotension?
A decrease of SBP>20 and a decease DBP>10 when in standing position
Symptoms of orthostatic hypotension
- Dizziness
- Blurred vision
- Become fall risk
Why are elderly at risk for orthostatic hypotension?
Baroreceptos that regular blood pressure dont work as well, slow as you age
Meds that put patients at risk for hypotension?
- BP meds
2. Diuretics
Urge Incontinence most common in elderly 2/2
- DM2
- Parkinson’s
- CVA
Med Treatments for Urge Incontinence
- Detrol
- Vesicare
- Oxybutynin
- All meds that reduce bladder spasms
Non-pharm urge incontinence treatment
Bladder training
What is BPH?
Slow enlargement of the prostate gland that leads to urinary retention and weak stream
Treatment for BPH
- surgery (TURP)
- flomax
Delirium
- acute
- short
- sleep cycle impaired
- agitated
Delirium treatment
- underlying cause
- pain
- constipation
- infection
- interrupted sleep-wake cycles
- ICU delirium/sundowners
- Meds, Benzos
- Opioids
Dementia
- Chronic
- Long term
- Normal Sleep Cycle
- Behavior baseline
Dementia treatment
- Aricept
- Namenda
What is Alzheimers Disease? (5)
- Type of dementia
- Progressive permanent neurologic disorder that results in cognitive impairments
- Memory loss
- Inability to recognize loved ones
- Brain tissue is physiologically different
Bizarre behavior in Alzheimers disease?
- night wondering
Alzheimers treatment for Memory (2)
- Aricept (acetyl-cholinesterase inhibitor)
- Namenda (NMDA antagonist)
Alzheimers treatment for Behavior (3)
- Seroquel
- Zyprexa
- Risperdal
Alzheimers treatment for Sleep (2)
- Antipsychotics
- Antidepressants (Trazadone/ Mirtazapine)
MEDS WE DO NOT USE for behavior/sleep
- Benzos
- Hypnotics
- Vistaril/ Benadryl