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Derm/female GU > Common Derm disorders and infections > Flashcards

Common Derm disorders and infections Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Atopic dermatitis or eczema s&s?

A

red, itchy, dry, onset usually early childhood.

pruritic, erythematous dry patches of skin, often scale. can get lesions that ooze and crust.

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2
Q

atopic dermatitis tx?

A
  1. moisture
  2. avoid hot water and harsh soaps with scents
  3. moisturizing cream
  4. light weight cotton clothes
  5. topical steroids, BID 3-4 weeks, hydrocortisone 1%
  6. antihistamiens - benadryl 6-8 hours and hydroxyzine
  7. chronic - can use tacrolimus and primecrolimus
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3
Q

Psoriasis vulgaris S&S? Triggers?

A

thick silvery erythematous scales, r//t immune disorder

location - extensor extremities, scalp, sacrum

triggered by NSAIDs, BB, prednisone, lithium

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4
Q

Psoriasis vulgaris tx?

A

first-line - topical steroids (moderate to high potency) such tramcinolone 0.1%, behthamesone 0.05%. BID - TID for 2-3 weeks.
along with calcipotriene (vitamin D) or coal product ALSO moisture

  • still symptomatic tazorotene, anthralin, vitamin D, UVB/A light, oral retinoids or methotrexate if severe involving large body area. , cyclosporine limit use due to nephrotoxicity

TNF antagonists - etenarcept, infliximab and adalimumab

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5
Q

herpes zoster description?

A

vesicles along dermatome with eythematous base. rupture and crusts call off in 2-3 weeks.

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6
Q

HZ tx?

A

pain management - tylenol 3
post herpatic neuralgia - neurotin, tegretol, elavil
cool compress
antiviral pills within 48 hours (acyclovir 800 mg 5 times a day for 7-10 days)
zoster vaccine if > 60 years

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7
Q

hand-foot-mouth disease s&s?

A

oral lesions, sore throat, low grade fever, swollen cervical lymph

hands and feet - small reddish flat or slightly raised surrounded by reddish halo

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8
Q

Tx tinea capitis?

A

griseofulvin 20-25 mg/kg/day 6-8 weeks

selenium sulfide 1% shampoo QID x 2 weeks then twice weekly

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9
Q

tx tinea corpis?

A

lotrin 1% BID until 7-10 days after rash clears

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10
Q

Accutane dose for acne?

A

PO 0.5-2 mg/kg daily divided in two doses for 15-20 weeks

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11
Q

Oral antibiotics for acne?

A

tetracycline 500 mg BID, doxycycline, erythromycin

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12
Q

topical antibiotics for acne?

A

clindamycin or erythromycin

or benzoyl peroxide + clindamycin once daily at HS

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13
Q

Tinea vesicolor s&s?

A

light brown or white scaling spots. r/t yeast and increased fatty acid in skin. In microscope see hypea and spores.

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14
Q

tx tinea vesicolor?

A

selenium sulfide lotion 2.5% 10 min daily x 7

doesn’t resolve can try antifungals such as clotrimazole (lotrimin), ketoconazole, oral -terbinafine (lamisil)

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15
Q

Onychomocyosis s&s?

A

yellow thick white crumbly nail.

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16
Q

onychomocyosis tx?

A

Oral: terbinafine 250 mg daily x 6 weeks
itraconazole 400mg daily x 7 days each month for 2 months
itraconazole 200 mg daily x 2 months
griseofulvin 250 mg TID x 6 months (check LFTs)

Topical: ciclopirox (penlac)

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17
Q

tinea pedis s&s?

A

white, soft, peels, scaling on toes, webbing, and sole of foot.

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18
Q

tinea pedis tx?

A

topical antifungals:
butinafine (lotrimin)
terbinafine (lamisil) 250 mg daily, 6-12 weeks

cool compress

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19
Q

impetigo s&s?

A

vesicles which break and form honey-colored crusts.

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20
Q

seborrheic dermatitis tx?

A

head - antidandruff shampoo. nizoral 1%. topical steroid short term.

face, trunk and pther regions can use topical 3% ketoconozale cream or sodium sulfacetamide wash. if doesnt help try topial 1-2.5% hydrocortisone.

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21
Q

pityriasis rosea

A

oval dermacarted salmon-colored patches ith fine collarette scale, may be preceded by herald patch

22
Q

pityriasis rosea tx?

A

symptom management w/antipruritics

23
Q

seborrheic dermatitis s&s ?

A

moist papules covered in greasy scales that may coalesce into red patches and plaques. often non pruritic and mildly erthematous plaques with waxy, yellow scale on face.

24
Q

cellulitis description?

A

localized painful expanding erythema and edema, may have pustules or vesicles

25
Q

candidiasis

A

red denuted skin with scaling and satelitte pustules

26
Q

erythema infectiosum “slapped cheek” or fifths disease

A

erythematous bring red macules and papules over cheeks

27
Q

erythema multiforme

A

target lesions with reddish center and pale ring and surrounding darker rings

28
Q

rubella (german measles)

A

discrete maculopapules which occassionally coalesce, spreading caudally and have fine desquamation.

29
Q

measles

A

erythematous pruritic macules which become

30
Q

rosacea s&S?

A

erythema, telangiectasia, inflamm papulopustular eruptions.

31
Q

tx of rosacea?

A

topical antimicrobials, immunosupp, and acne products. first line - metronidazole cream

other: erythrmoycin and clindamycin, . azelaic acid gel, bezoyl peroxide, retinoids.

tacrolimus ointment if refractory common.

oral antibiotic can be considered.

AVOID medium and high corticosteroid creams.

32
Q

tx lyme diseasE?

A

doxycycline, cefuorxime axetil, amoxicillin, select macrolides. 14-28 days.

proph 200mg doxy can be used if early. must feed for 24 minutes to vause lyme.

33
Q

tx of angular cheulitis?

A

topical nystatin

34
Q

what is tzanck test?

A

HSVZ test

35
Q

acne mild definition

A

Less than 20 comes phones or fewer 15 inflame lesions. Total less than 30

36
Q

moderate acne definition

A

20-100 comed, 15-50 inflamm, total 30-125

37
Q

severe acne defintiion

A

more 5 nodules, total inflamm > 50, TL > 125

38
Q

antibiotics commonly used for acne

A

clindamycine, erthromycine, tetracycline (doxycycline and minocycline primary for oral)

39
Q

HSV symptoms

A

prodrome: burning or tenderness at site. painful vesicles appear at site and tender lymphade in regional nodes. ulceration occurs and lesions crust over. heal on own 2-3 weeks.

40
Q

HSV tx?

A

acyclovir 200 mg PO 5 times a day 7-10 days

recurrent 400 mg PO BID for 5 days or continuous for suppression

41
Q

drug eruptions are r/t what huypersensitivity type?

A

immunoglobulin E depedent

42
Q

common S&S of drug reaction?

A

irching, burning, pain with or without rash. maculopapular rash common. onset7-10 days after drug statered. lasts 1-2 weeks and then fades.

43
Q

s&S of erythema multiforme?

A

small vesicles or ulcers to widespread bullous lesions. think SJS

44
Q

management of drug reaction.

A

close monitor 48 hours. cool compress. topical corticosteroid ointment. oral antihistamines

45
Q

allergic dermatitis

A

moisture, avoid irritant. steroid cream, medium - high potency. oral steroid if diffuse or periorbital or genital regions

46
Q

what is woods lamp used for?

A

check for tinea caused by certain fungal species.

47
Q

candidiasis signs and symptoms

A

thrush - white or gray mem plaques on mucosa. scrape off and bright erythematous

other locations - pink or red moist patches bordered by thin collarette of scale.

48
Q

candidiasis tx?

A

nystatin and diflucan most common tx.

49
Q

what is auspitz sign?

A

scales removed, tiny blleds occur. common in psoriasis

50
Q

management of urticaria?

A

H1 blocker and H2 as augementation . benadryl has been replaced by nonsedatiing ones.

h1 - zyrtec, claritin or loratidine.
H2 - tagemet or cimietidine, ranitidine (zantaz)

Tricyclics (tryptyline) and leukitrine receptor antagonists (singulair)

Derm/female GU (9 decks)

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