Common DDx Flashcards
1
Q
Headache ddx
A
- Tension
- Migraine
- Cluster
- Sinusitis
- Meningitis/Encephalitis/Intracranial or epidural abscess
- Tumor/Malignancy
- SAH/brain bleed
- Pseudotumor cerebri
- Trigeminal neuralgia
- CNS vasculitis; temporal arteritis
2
Q
Confusion/memory loss ddx
A
- Alzheimer’s disease
- Vascular dementia
- NPH
- Creutzfeld-Jacob
- hypoglycemia
- chronic subdural
- delirium
- wernicke’s encephalopathy
- intracranial tumor
3
Q
Wernicke’s enchephalopaty
A
- thiamine deficiency
- common @ alcoholics/malnourished
- oculomotor sx (nystagmus, rectus palsies, etc), confusion, ataxia
4
Q
Dizziness ddx
A
- labrynthitis
- meniere’s disease
- orthostatic hypotension
- BPV
- vestibular neuronitis
- vertebrobasilar insufficiency
5
Q
Meniere’s disease
A
- hearing loss, episodic vertigo, and tinnitus caused by endolyph drops in labrynth
- tests: VDRL/RPR, audiometry, vestibular testing, and MRI to rule out other causes of symptoms
6
Q
Potential tests/workup for dizziness/hearing loss
A
Electronystagmography
audiogram
7
Q
Vestibular neuronitis vs. Labryinthitis
A
- both dizziness/nausea after URI
- vestibular neuronitis = no hearing loss
- labrynthitis = hearing loss
8
Q
LOC ddx
A
- seizure
- syncope/vasovagal/orthostatic hypotension => syncope
- cardiac arrhythmia
- stroke
- MI
- PE
- substance abuse/OD
9
Q
Numbness/weakness ddx
A
- TIA
- Stroke
- neuropathy: DM, B12, etoh
- MS
- seizure/Todd’s paralysis
- GBS
- myasthenia gravis
10
Q
Fatigue/sleepiness ddx
A
- hypothyroidism
- sleep apnea
- psych
- malignancy
- DM
- insomnia/sleep deprivation
- psych
- anemia
11
Q
Sore throat ddx
A
- infectious mono
- pharyngitis (viral vs. bacteria)
- strep tonsillitis
- acute HIV
12
Q
Cough/SOB ddx
A
- viral URI
- bronchitis
- COPD/COPD exacerbation
- PNA/Lung abscess/atypical PNA
- TB
- Malignancy
- CHF
- GERD
- UACS (post-nasal)
- reactive airway/asthma
13
Q
Chest pain DDx
A
- serious six: MI, PE, aortic dissection, Pericard, Esoph rupture, PTX
- pleuritic/cough-assoc.
- PNA/lung abscess
- costochondritis
- GERD
- angina
14
Q
Palpitations DDx
A
- cardiac arrhythmia
- hypoglycemia
- pheochromocytoma
- carcinoid syndrome
- hyperthyroidism
- panic attacks
15
Q
Weight Loss DDx
A
- hyperthyroidism
- malignancy
- TB
- HIV
- malabsorption
- diet/anorexia