Common Chemical Apparatus Flashcards
Beaker
Used to hold liquids and have a non accurate scale
Boiling /test tubes
Used to carry out small scale reactions
Conical flask
Used for titration and filtering should not be used for measuring (non accurate scale)
Measuring cylinder
A way of measuring out liquids with a scale
Burette
Used during titrations and have a tap at the bottom to allow liquid to flow
Pipette
Can only measure one know value of liquid which is shown by the graduation mark
Safety filler
Used to fill pipette
Volumetric flask
Can only measure one volume of liquid and used to make standard solutions
Filter funnel and paper
Used to separate solids and liquids
Evaporating dishes
Used to heat water and separate it from salt
Delivery tubes
Used to deliver gas from a reaction often bubbled through water
Hot plate
Electronic ways of heating up liquids good for flammable liquids
Bunsen burner
Uses flames and should not be used for flammable liquids
Electronic balances
Used to weigh the mass of solids either tear the balance or weigh by difference
When is a desiccator used
During gravimetric analysis
Function of desiccator
Allows the hot crucible to cool without absorbing water it does not dry the crystal. Desiccator is a dry environment due to being sealed and having a chemical in the base which maintains a dry environment.
Separating funnel
Used during solvent extraction a substance is dissolved in one solvent and added to the funnel the second Immiscible solvent is added to the funnel it is then shaken ti mix the solvents and partition the solute between the two cap opened to drain bottom layer
Büchner funnel
The funnel is placed on top of a flask which is attached to a water or vacuum pump this allows for quick separation of solids from solvents. Solid left in funnel and dried and collected easily
Distillation (round bottomed) flask
used for distillation, the process of separating a mixture of liquids with different boiling points through evaporation and condensation
Condenser
Condensers are used in distillation to cool the hot vapors, condensing them into liquid for separate collection
Glassware with round glass joints (quick fit or similar)
The use of jointed glassware helps to avoid spills and leaks of potentially harmful and often valuable substances during experiments.
Thin layer chromatography apparatus
Used to separate mixtures of compounds based on differences in polarity and size
