common benign tumours

Question 1

menorrhagia

Answer 1

heavy periods

Question 2

dysmenorrhea

Answer 2

painful periods

Question 3

dyspareunia

Answer 3

pain during sexual intercourse

Question 4

menarche

Answer 4

when the first period occurred

Question 5

benign tumour of uterus

Answer 5

Degeneration and complications common in fibroids
Hyaline degeneration and calcification
Red degeneration
Torsion

Be aware of other presentations: Infertility, urinary complications, fibroids in pregnancy

Question 6

benign tumour of colon

Answer 6

a benign tumour of colonic mucosa; grows out into bowel lumen as a polypoid protrusion with a stalk of normal mucosa

Question 7

adenoma

Answer 7

a benign tumour of glandular epithelium

Question 8

pepilloedema

Answer 8

swelling of the optic disc such that you can’t see the edge clearly, or it actually looks as though the disc bulges out not in

Question 9

bitemporal hemianopia

Answer 9

when you test the visual fields, but there is no vision on the outside half of eache eye

Question 10

meningioma

Answer 10

• arise from arachnoidal epithelial cells
• common benign tumours
• may be found incidentally at PM

Grow and compress brain
Cause focal signs depending on brain region compressed
Surgical removal is effective

Question 11

histological characteristics of benign tumours

Answer 11

well differentiated and similar to tissue of origin

Question 12

how do benign tumours cause disease

Answer 12

by local pressure, distorting local anatomy, fragility and bleeding, secreting hormone

Question 13

therapy for benign tumours

Answer 13

mainstay of treatment of benign tumours is removal by surgery