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CHM 1125 > Common Acids and Bases > Flashcards

Common Acids and Bases Flashcards

1
Q

Hydrochloric acid

A

HCl
strong acid

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2
Q

Hydrobromic acid

A

Hbr
strong acid

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3
Q

Hydroiodic acid

A

HI
strong acid

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4
Q

Nitric acid

A

HNO3
strong acid

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5
Q

Sulfuric acid

A

H2SO4
strong acid

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6
Q

Perchloric acid

A

HClO4
strong acid

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7
Q

Hydrofluoric acid

A

HF
weak acid

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8
Q

Nitrous acid

A

HNO2
weak acid

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9
Q

Phosphoric acid

A

H3PO4
weak acid

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10
Q

Acetic acid

A

CH3COOH
weak acid

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11
Q

Lithium hydroxide

A

LiOH
strong base

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12
Q

Sodium hydroxide

A

NaOH
strong base

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13
Q

Potassium hydroxide

A

KOH
strong base

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14
Q

Calcium hydroxide

A

Ca(OH)2
strong base

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15
Q

Strontium hydroxide

A

Sr(OH)2
strong base

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16
Q

Beryllium hydroxide

A

Be(OH)2
weak base

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17
Q

Magnesium hydroxide

A

Mg(OH)2
weak base

18
Q

Ammonia

A

NH3
weak base

19
Q

Carbonic acid

A

H2CO3
weak acid

20
Q

Electrolyte

A

Substance that dissolves in water and makes it electrically conductive.
Ionic compounds, acids, bases

21
Q

Nonelectrolyte

A

Substance that dissolves in water but produces poorly conducting solution.

22
Q

Weak electrolytes

A

Dissolves in water but yields small amount of ions
Includes most molecular substances, weak acids, weak bases
Show with a double arrow in equation

23
Q

Strong electrolytes

A

Dissolves in water and exists almost entirely as ions
Soluble ionic compounds, strong acids, strong bases
Show with a single arrow in equation

24
Q

Methanol

A

CH3OH
nonelectrolyte

25
Q

Ethanol

A

C2H5OH
nonelectrolyte

26
Q

Glucose

A

C6H12O6
nonelectrolyte

27
Q

Sucrose

A

C12H22O11
nonelectrolyte

28
Q

Urea

A

(NH2)2CO
nonelectrolyte

29
Q

Water

A

H2O
weak acid and weak base

30
Q

Arrhenius acid

A

A substance that produces H+ ions (protons) when dissolved in water

31
Q

Arrhenius base

A

A substance that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water

32
Q

Ionization

A

Dissolved MOLECULAR compound produces ions

33
Q

Dissociation

A

Dissolved IONIC compound produces ions

34
Q

Bronsted-Lowry acid

A

Molecule or ion that donates a proton

35
Q

Bronsted-Lowry base

A

Molecule or ion that accepts a proton

36
Q

Conjugate pair

A

The Bronsted-Lowry acid/base and its conjugate base/acid

37
Q

Conjugate base

A

What’s left after a Bronsted-Lowry acid donates a proton

38
Q

Conjugate acid

A

What’s left after a Bronsted-Lowry base accepts a proton

39
Q

Monoprotic acid

A

Acid that donates 1 proton per molecule during acid-base reaction
Ex: HBr

40
Q

Diprotic acid

A

Acid that donates 2 protons per molecule during acid-base reaction
Ex: H2SO4

41
Q

Triprotic acid

A

Acid that donates 3 protons per molecule during acid-base reaction
Ex: H3PO4

CHM 1125 (4 decks)

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