Common Abbreviations Flashcards by Craig Ashenden

Q

f

A

forte (loud)

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Q

ff

A

fortissimo (very loud)

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Q

fff

A

fortissimo (very loud indeed)

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Q

fp

A

forte piano (loud then immediately quiet)

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Q

mf

A

mezzo forte (moderately loud)

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Q

p

A

piano (quiet)

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Q

pp

A

pianissimo (very quiet)

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Q

ppp

A

pianissimo (very quiet indeed)

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Q

mp

A

mezzo piano (moderately quiet)

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Q

rf

A

rinforzando (heavily stressed or accented)

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Q

rfz

A

rinforzando (heavily stressed or accented)

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Q

fz

A

forzando (with force)

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Q

sf

A

sforzando (loudly accented)

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Q

sfz

A

sforzando (loudly accented)

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Q

D.C.

A

da capo (go back to the beginning)

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Q

D.S.

A

dal segno (go back to the sign)

Q

pizz.

A

pizzicato (for string players)

Q

rall.

A

rallentando (becoming gradually slower)

Q

rit.

A

ritardando (becoming gradually slower)

Q

cresc.

A

crescendo (becoming gradually louder)

Q

decresc.

A

decrescendo (becoming gradually quieter)

Q

dim.

A

diminuendo (becoming gradually quieter)

Q

ten.

A

tenuto (hold the note)