Commom Airway Equipment Flashcards
State 4 reasons why people with down syndrome have potential difficult airway
Large tongue
Short palate
Smaller trachea
Relatively large tonsils and adenoids
Name a congenital condition characterised by a very small jaw.
Pierre Robin sequence
Very difficult to intubate
State 4 chest X ray findinds of COPD
Flattened diaphragm
Increased chest size and lung field
Heart appears long and narrow
Focal bullae cna be seen in emphysema
Name a classic finding of perforated bowel on CXR
Free air under diaphragm
State the immediate treatment of tension pneumothorax
Needle decompression
State two CXR features of tension pneumothorax
Dark fields in the affect lung and mediastinal shift away from it
List three commonest arrhythmias seen in anaesthesia
Atrial fibrillation
Ventriculsr tachycardia
Ventricular fibrillation
What is the treatment kof hemodynamically stable ventricular tachycardia?
Amiodarone followed by synchronized cardioversion
State the treatment of stable AF
Anticougulation and rate control
Which one between slow and fadt AF is mostly dangerous?
Fast AF
Slow AF have good CO on thromboprophylaxis
State the treatment of unstable AF
Low dose synchronized cardioversion or chemical cardioversion with amiodarone
State the function of the humidifier bottle and where it is used.
F: Humidify oxygen but does not warm it
Used in wards and recovery for patients breathing spontensously with 40 or 60% favemask or nasal cannula
Outline how the humidifier bottle work
Bottle is filled with water through which oxygen coming from the top via the regulator and flowmeter is bubbled, humidified oxygen exits the attachment nozzle on the left given via tubing to a face mask or nasal prongs
Differentiate the reservoir bag from AmbuBags
Reservoir bags: Attached to the circuit and require an adjustable pressure limiting valve(APL) valve in the circuit
Ambubag:.Free standing and self inflating but oxygen can be attached to a connector
Which breathing circuit is ideal for paediatrics and why?
Modified Jackson Rees
Why: It is valve free and the resorvoir bag is open with an expiratory port(Can be occluded for controlled ventilation)
It is lightweight
State when to use nasopharyngeal airways.
When the Guedel fails
They are softet and inserted via the nose
State the function of the heat exchanger filters
Wsrm and humidifies gases delivered to patient
Not efficient in filtering out bacteria
State 4 usss of ultrasound in anaesthesia
Inssetion of central lines
Applying regional nerve block especially brachial plexus blocks
To evaluate cardiac function as a side room test[TTE)
Intraoperatively to monitor cardiac function: Invasive transesophageal echo
State the function of an invasive pressure transducer
Senses pulsatile blood floe and converts this into an electrical signal: It ie attached to the monitor and an invasive pressure line mainly arterial line
Note: Iy includs a sampling port from which blood may be sampled
State the fubction of an artetial line.
Allows for continous beat to beat accurate live blood pressure analysis and for continous blood dampling
Which technique is used to insert the arterial line?
Seldinger technique using guidewire
Insert in a peripheral artety mainly radial artery
Which veins are used for the insertion of central line in order?
Internal jugular followed by subclavian vein then femoral veins
Is the insertion of central line sterile?
Of course
State the function of a central line
Administering potent and dangerous drugs including potassium, vasodilators ionotropes, and for parental IV nutrition
