Commercialisation

Question 1

What are the characteristics of commercial sport?

Answer 1

Close links with:

• professional sport
• sponsorship
• entertainment
• winning and success
• the media
• contracts

Question 2

What are the characteristics of professional sport?

Answer 2

• receive their income from sport
• are paid for success
• must specialise in a sport
• can be owned, contracted, transferred and sold
• are entertainers
• are public commodities

Question 3

What benefits and drawbacks do sponsorships have?

Answer 3

• very good earner for sports performers
• bring pressures, such as making regular appearances
• can encourage players to perform when injured

Question 4

Define the dominant group

Answer 4

• the group in society that controls the major social institutions

Question 5

Define discrimination

Answer 5

• to make a distinction, especially because of prejudices

Question 6

Define stereotypes

Answer 6

• a standardised image or concept hared by all members of a social group

Question 7

What are some of the factors affecting opportunities for an ethnic group?

Answer 7

• racism
• decision making mainly white middle class
• stereotyping
• few role models

Question 8

What are some of the factors effecting opportunities for female athletes?

Answer 8

• gender inequalities
• positive female media images are certain sports (grace, little physical contact, low aggression)
• sport always seen as a male activity

Question 9

What are some of the factors effecting opportunities for some social classes?

Answer 9

• historically, middle and upper classes had more leisure time
• middle an upper classes tend to control sport
• cost of facilities and training
• lower self esteem

Question 10

What are some of the effects of media on sport?

Answer 10

• some sports have changed to make them more suited to media coverage
• tv coverage can influence participation rates both positively and negitively

Question 11

What are some of the impacts of the media on participation?

Answer 11

• increase participation in a sport but new participants may lose interest if not successful
• can make spectators feel like their efforts are not valued
• introduce and educate people about new sports

Question 12

How does media and commercialism affect sport?

Answer 12

• rule changes
• scoring changes to create more excitement
• breaks in play for adverts
• the media can hype up events, so more pressure on athletes

Question 13

How can technology assist officials?

Answer 13

• cameras can help to make decisions
• four way open mic to help with decisions (rugby)
• instant reply acts as an important referee

Question 14

How can technology engage the audience?

Answer 14

• wimbledon ‘hawkeye’ adds to the experience

- 360 degrees cameras help breakdown play and enhance viewing

Question 15

Define commercialisation

Answer 15

• the treating of sport as a commodity involving the buying and selling of assets, with the market as the driving force behind sport