Commerce Flashcards
Explain three Rights (privileges) you are entitled to as an Australian Citizen.
Apply for an Australian passport The right to vote in elections, if over the age of 18 Register children born overseas as Australian Citizens
What are the features of an active citizen?
Somebody who works hard, makes good choices, provides work and bolsters the countries economy and provides voluntary work.
What is citizenship by Descent?
If you were born outside of Australia and one of your parents was an Australian citizen at the time of birth, whom must have spent 2 years prior in Australia.
Why is citizenship important?
It allows you to live with freedom and enjoy the rights and responsibilities of a living person in the country.
What is citizenship by Naturalisation?
Migrant with permanent residence can take a test and if application approved becomes a citizen. Must have lived here for at least 4 years
What is a immigrant?
An immigrant is anyone who moves to a country from another country for any reason, such as to find a new job, or better education
What is a migrant?
A migrant is a person who moves from one place to another within a country.
What is an asylum seeker?
An Asylum Seeker is someone who is seeking a safe place to live permanently (or temporarily) because they have suffered threats or persecution or their original country is in the midst of a war or disaster.
What are 4 responsibilities as an Australian Citizen?
• obey the law • defend Australia should the need arise • serve on a jury if called to do so • vote in federal and state or territory elections, and in a referendum (voting is compulsory in Australia)
Why would a country use a citizenship test?
To preserve the unique history and culture of the nation.
What is a global citizen?
A global citizen is someone who is aware of and understands the wider world and their place in it and take an active role in their community and work with others to make our planet more equal and sustainable.
In 1901, what were the top 5 countries that people migrated to Australia from?
UK, Ireland, Germany, China and New Zealand
In 2016, what were the top 5 countries that people migrated to Australia from?
UK, New Zealand, China, India and Phillipines
What do Australia’s humanitarian and refugee programs help with?
Helping people resettle in Australia and providing protection to new settlers in Australia.
Who is eligible for Australia’s humanitarian and refugee programs?
Those outside of Australia, living outside your home country and you are subject to substantial discrimination in your home country amounting to a gross violation of your human rights and have been proposed by an Australian citizen or Permanent resident, an Eligible New Zealand citizen, or an organisation based in Australia.
What existed before Australia?
6 British Colonies and over 100 indigenous communities.
What is the constitution and why is it important?
A set of rules and laws for the governing of a country or other organization and is important because it stabilizes governance and because it protects individual freedom.
What are Exclusive Powers and give an example?
Exclusive powers are the areas of law-making responsibility that are given to the Federal Parliament. For example customs and military
What are concurrent powers and give an example?
Concurrent powers are areas of law-making responsibility that are given to both Federal and state parliaments eg taxation, marriage
What are residual powers and give an example?
Residual powers are the rest of the law-making responsibility left to each State Parliament eg school education, hospitals
Australia’s system of Government is best described as:
A Constitutional Monarchy
What is a constitutional monarchy?
System of government in which a monarch (queen) is guided by a constitution, which limits the rights and responsibilities of the monarch.
Where does the local government receive its income?
The local government reveives majority of its income through property taxes, fees and fines and revenues from parking meters.
What are the 2 requirements for a referendum to succeed?
A double Majority, in which majority of citizens must vote in favour and must also be voted by a majority of voters in a majority of states, ie 4 out of 6. The Parliament must vote in favour + signed off by Governor General before the referendum is put to the voters.
Name a successful and unsuccessful referendum.
A successful referendum was the Same Sex Marriage Referendum in 2017 one of 8 referendums out of 44 approved. An unsuccessful referendum was the Local Government referendum to recognise the Local Government in the constitution, in 1988.
What are 3 responsibilities of the local government?
Parks and Gardens, Garbage Collection and Building Regulations. pg 41 Civics book
What are 4 responsibilities of the State Government?
Education, Health and Law and Order (police), Transport pg 41 Civics book
What are 3 responsibilities of the federal government?
Immigration, Taxation and Defence.
What is a Back Bencher in parliament?
A member of parliament, with only responsibility to their electorate
What is the Cabinet in parliament?
A small powerful group of the most senior government ministers
Explain one advantage and one disadvantage of using Petitions as a form of protest to persuade government (or other organisations) to change their policies.
An advantage of using petitions as a form of protest is that it is a non violent way to get the government’s attention on different issues across the globe. A disadvantage is that the government has no exact right to act upon the issue and can therefore just ignore it.
What is the lower house of the Victorian Parliament called and how many members are there within?
Legislative Assembly (green) and holds 88 members
What is the upper house of the Victorian Parliament called and how many members are there within?
Legislative Council (red) and holds 40 members.
How many parliamentarians are there in the Victorian Parliament?
128 Members - 88 in Legislative Assembly and 40 in Legislative Council
What is the lower house of the Federal Parliament and how many members are within it?
The House of Representative is the lower house (green) and there are 151 members within.
What is the upper house of the Federal Parliament and how many members are within it?
The Senate is the upper house (red) and there are 75 members within.
What is the main function of the House of Representatives?
The House’s central function and the one which takes up most of its time is the consideration and passing of new laws and amendments or changes to existing laws. To become law, bills must be passed by both the House of Representatives and the Senate. They may start in either house but the majority of bills are introduced in the House of Representatives. Determines the Government Controls government expenditure
What is the main function of the Senate?
The primary role of the Senate would be to protect the interests of the less populous states in the federal Parliament by giving equal representation to all states. AS well as this it is also a house of review as all bills must be passed through both houses of parliament.
How are the members determined for the Senate?
The state itself acts as one electorate and votes for 12 members. The senate contains 12 senators from each state and 2 from the ACT and Northen Territory.
What is the role of Government frontbenchers in the parliament?
Government frontbenchers are ministers who have been allocated a portfolio, e.g Immigration, Tax, etc… In the Senate and House, the role of a minister includes introducing bills and answering questions about their portfolio during Question Time.
What is the role of Opposition frontbenchers in the parliament?
Opposition frontbenchers are shadow ministers who have been given the responsibility of scrutinising—closely examining—the work of a particular minister and their portfolio. In the Senate and House, the role of a shadow minister includes speaking about opposition policies and asking questions to relevant ministers during Question Time.
