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comm skills Flashcards

1
Q

Communication

A

Communication is the art of transmitting information, ideas and
attitudes from one person to another

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2
Q

Characteristics of Communication

A
  1. Communication involves the sharing of information using a code.
  2. Communication occurs between people and sometimes animals
  3. Communication is irreversible: once one has communicated something it
    cannot be recalled back.
  4. Communication is a system
  5. Communication must have the elements of communication
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3
Q

Functions of communication

A
  1. Entertain
  2. Educate
  3. Establish relationships
  4. Inform
  5. Solve problems
  6. Make orders
  7. Give directions
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4
Q

Forms of Communicating

A

verbal and non verbal

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5
Q

Verbal communication

A

Verbal communication of the vocal category includes spoken language, while non-vocal verbal communication involves written communication as well as communication
that is transmitted through transmitted through sign language, finger spelling,
Braille, or other similar alternatives to verbal language

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6
Q

Para-verbal/paralinguistic/ paralanguage features

A

Paralinguistic or paralanguage features are the aspects of spoken communication
that do not involve words. They add emphasis or shades of meaning to what people
say.Examples of
paralinguistic features include pitch, rate, quality of voice and amplitude

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7
Q

Non-Verbal

A

Non-verbal communication is a type of communication that employs gestures and
body language

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8
Q

Examples of non-verbal communication

A

Non-verbal communication includes:
POSTURES & GESTURES
EYE CONTACT
ORIENTATION
PRESENTATION
LOOKS
EPRESSIONS OF EMOTION

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9
Q

Levels of communication

A
  1. Intrapersonal (Within a person)
  2. Interpersonal (Face to face)
  3. Group communication
  4. Mass communication
  5. Inter country/ Development
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10
Q

Communication Barriers

A
  1. Physiological Barriers
  2. Physical Barriers
  3. Cultural Barriers
  4. Language Barriers
  5. Interpersonal Barriers
  6. Psychological Barriers
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11
Q

Physiological Barriers

A

Physiological barriers may result from individuals’ personal discomfort, caused, for
example, by ill health, poor eye sight, or hearing difficulties

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12
Q

Physical Barriers

A

Physical barriers include:
 Office doors, barrier screens, separate areas for people of different status
 Large working areas or working in one unit that is physically separate from
others.
 Distance

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13
Q

Interpersonal Barriers

A

Withdrawal is an absence of interpersonal contact. It is both refusals to be in touch with others

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14
Q

Psychological Barriers

A

There are 3 types of psychological barriers would be discussed as they are the
most common ones.
a. Perceptual barriers
b. Emotional Barriers, and
c. Experiential barriers

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15
Q

Perceptual barriers

A

The problem with communicating with others is that we all see the world
differently. A bad experience would perceptually block out unpleasant things. This
could be in the shape of avoiding it and if that is not possible by altering the
behaviors i.e., response types in different ways

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16
Q

Emotional barriers

A

One of the other chief psychological barriers to open and free communication is
the emotional barrier. It is comprised mainly of fear, mistrust, and suspicion

17
Q

Experiential barriers

A

Experiential barriers on the other hand become barriers by virtue of not having
experienced them leading to altered interpretation and comprehension.

18
Q

Elements of Communication

A

the sender, the receiver, the message, the channel and feedback.

18
Q

How to be a good communicator

A

a) Express own reflections and ideas clearly
b) Develop relationships
c) Provide feedback (answers, reacts)
d) Be open to others’ feedback (accept others answer without prejudice,
references etc.
e) Respect attitudes and opinions of others
f) Be tolerant to different customs and cultures

19
Q

Encoding

A

the process of putting ones thoughts into words

20
Q

Encoder

A

is the person who translates his/her thoughts into meaningful words

21
Q

Decoding

A

Decoding is the process of giving meaning to the encoded message

22
Q

The 7 Cs of Communication

A

 Clear.
 Concise.
 Concrete.
 Correct.
 Coherent.
 Complete.
 Courteous.

22
Q

Components of active listening

A

Hearing: The physiological process of receiving sound and/or other stimuli.
 Attending: The conscious and unconscious process of focusing attention on
external stimuli.
 Interpreting: The process of decoding the symbols or behavior attended to.
 Evaluating: The process of deciding the value of the information to the
receiver
Remembering: The process of placing the appropriate information into
short-term or long-term storage.
 Responding: The process of giving feedback to the source and/or other
receivers

23
Q

Listening

A

Listening is paying attention to what other people are saying

24
Q

Barriers to Listening

A

Noise
Hearing impediments
Distance
Distractions
Lack of trust
Power imbalance
Language barriers
Accent

24
Q

Reading

A

CONSTRUCT MEANING FROM TEXT.

25
Q

How to improve your comprehension during reading

A
  1. Begin from what you already know (activating prior knowledge).
  2. Always try to make sense of what you are reading (context).
  3. Ask yourself questions; before, during and after reading.
  4. Predict and think about what will happen next in the text, or how your questions
    will be answered.
  5. Read with a purpose. Know why you are reading and what you are reading to find
    out.
  6. Begin from what you already know (activating prior knowledge).
  7. Always try to make sense of what you are reading (context).
  8. Ask yourself questions; before, during and after reading.
  9. Predict and think about what will happen next in the text, or how your questions
    will be answered.
  10. Read with a purpose. Know why you are reading and what you are reading to find
    out.
26
Q

The SQ4R Method of reading effectively

A

SURVEY (S)
QUESTIONS (Q)
READ (1R)
WRITE(2R)
RECITE (3R)
REVIEW (4R)

27
Q

Study tips

A

Draw up a study timetable (see . Work out your most effective study times. When do you study best?
Morning, afternoon or evening?
3. Consider: Which subjects need the most study and revision? Estimate how
many hours you think you need for each subject and try to match this
with the hours available in your weekly planner.
4. Block in some study times, preferably 2-4 hours at a time, with 5-10 minutes’
break every 40-50 minutes.

  1. You may want to plan in detail for each study session.
  2. If you have some smaller amounts of time available for study, consider how
    they could be used.eg Travel time on public
    transport can also be used for reading.
28
Q
A

communication skills (1 decks)

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