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COMM1081 (Interpersonal Communication Skills) > Comm 1081 > Flashcards

Comm 1081 Flashcards

1
Q

What is communication

A

A process by which people share ideas, experience, knowledge, feelings

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2
Q

How do we communicate

A

Written and spoken words, body language, pictures/ symbols, facial expression

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3
Q

Why do we NEED to communicate?

A

Needs:
Physical
Social
Identify
Practical

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4
Q

Physical needs (what do we communicate)

A

Hungry, thirsty, in pain…

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5
Q

Identity needs (what do we communicate)

A

Sense of identity—from the way we communicate and interact with others

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6
Q

Social needs (what do we communicate)

A

Pleasure
Affection
Companionship
Escape
Relaxation
Control

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7
Q

Practical needs (what do we communicate)

A

Instrumental goals
-goals aimed at getting others to behave in desired way

Career success
-identified basic communication needs

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8
Q

What are MASLOW’s HEIRARCHY OF NEEDS
(bottom-top)

A

Lowest: physiological needs
Safety
Love & belonging
Self-esteem
Self-actualization
Self-transcendence

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9
Q

In Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, what do we need met/satisfy first

A

Lowest-level which is the physiological needs must be met and satisfied first before higher order ones are activated

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10
Q

_____ is a CONTINUOUS TRANSACTIONAL process involving participants who occupy different, but overlapping environments and create relationships through the exchange of _____ by ____, ____, and _____ noise

A

Interpersonal communcation
Words
External, physiological, psychological (noise)

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11
Q

What are Process of communication (4)?

A

Inter - other people
Extra- environment, objects
Peri- device, interface
Infra- self, thoughts, reflection

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12
Q

What are the two views of interpersonal communication?

A
  1. Quantitative interpersonal communication
  2. Qualitative interpersonal communication
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13
Q

This type of interpersonal communication is usually done face-to-face between individuals

A

Quantitative interpersonal communication
* 2 people interacting = DYAD

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14
Q

This type of interpersonal communication occurs when people treat one another UNIQUE INDIVIDUALS regardless of the context or the number of people involved

A

Qualitative interpersonal communication

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15
Q

5 communication principles

A
  1. Intentional/ unintentional
  2. Irreversible
  3. Impossible not to communicate
  4. Ongoing process
  5. Has content and relational dimensions
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16
Q

What principle of communication is this?

  • we plan our words carefully before asking for a big favour/ offering a criticism
    *can be non-verbal messages
A

Intentional or unintentional communication

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17
Q

What principle of communication is this?

*words said and deeds done are irretrievable
(explanation can be done for misunderstanding)

A

Communication is Irreversible

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18
Q

What principle of communication is this?

When we communicate all the time, but may not always be accurately interpreted

A

Impossible not to communicate

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19
Q

What principle of communication is this?

Ongoing process making it impossible to repeat an event

A

Communication is unrepeatable/ irreversible

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20
Q

What principle of communication is this?

Most exchanges operate on two levels:

A

Content and relational

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21
Q

Types of noise in the process of communication (3)

A
  1. External noise (running motors, smoke, temperature, visual distraction)
  2. Physiological noise ( pain, hunger, visual problems, fatigue, hearing loss)
  3. Psychological noise (embarrassment, anger, disappointment, nervousness)
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22
Q

Models of communication (3)

A
  1. Transmission model
  2. Interaction model
  3. Transaction model
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23
Q

What model of communication is this?:

Focus is on the sender and the message
“Noise” may interfere with message

A

Transmission model

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24
Q

What model of communication is this?:
There is presence of feedback
Both people are sender and receiver
Presence of both physical and psychological

A

Interaction model

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25
Q

What model of communication is this?: Communication is more than a process used to create meaning
Social realities
Social and cultural context is carefully considered

A

Transactional model

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26
Q

It is a form to communicating and presenting ourselves
Outside-public self (what they can see: appearance)
Inside- private self (what you know about yourself, but others don’t)

A

Self-concept bag

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27
Q

How does communication competence help to better our communication skills?

A

1, motivation and open-mindedness
2. Knowledge of other cultures and mindfulness

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28
Q

Characteristics of Competent communication: 5

A

*Ability to perform skillfully (practice)
*Involvement (caring about person and topic)
*empathy and perspective taking (thinking and feeling)
*cognitive complexity (consider multiple points of view)
*self-monitoring (self-awareness while communicating)

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29
Q

What are the qualities of good communicator?

A
  1. Warmth (facial expression, tone of voice)
    2.genuine (be real, honest, tone matches words
  2. Openness (be candid, has a sense of humour)
  3. Empathetic (tune in to their feelings, understand their perspective)
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30
Q

Give some 5 characteristics of Competent communication

A

Involvement (being in the present)
Empathy and perspective taking (reflection)
Self-monitoring (self-awareness)
Choice (language and tone)
Cognitive complexity (ability to consider diff. Points of view)

Ability to change
Practice

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31
Q

Give some 5 characteristics of Competent communication

A

Involvement (being in the present)
Empathy and perspective taking (reflection)
Self-monitoring (self-awareness)
Choice (language and tone)
Cognitive complexity (ability to consider diff. Points of view)

Ability to change
Practice

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32
Q

Qualities of good communicator (4)

A

Empathetic
Genuineness
Openness
Warmth

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33
Q

Steps to good communication

A

Provide a calm situation (minimize noise and distractions)
Approach slowly from the FRONT
Get attention (name, touch, eye contact)
Converse at eye level
Use a calm and controlled voice
Keep it short
Be sure you are understood
Use visual cues

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34
Q

A term used to communicate to the other person that you are ready, willing and able to listen

A

Attending skills

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35
Q

How do you convey attending skills? At least 5

A

Open posture
Make an eye-contact
Face the speaker
Nodding your head
Wait for the speaker to stop before speaking
Keep hands and feet still
Ignore distractions
Focus on what is being said
Ask questions

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36
Q

This focus on specific information
Require a yes/no answer

A

Closed Ended Question

37
Q

This invites the person to share thoughts, feelings, or ideas
Answer is more than a yes/no

A

Open Ended Questions

38
Q

_____ More than just recognizing the words, but you show you are listening by _____ what you have heard

A

Reflecting feeling
Reflecting back

39
Q

Potential influences on how we communicate: give 5

A

Body language/non-verbal
Language used
Existing knowledge
Memory
Assumptions
Listening skills
Clarity
Culture

40
Q

This is a multi-dimensional construct that refers to an individual’s perception of “self”
Relatively stable set of self perceptions

A

Self-concept

41
Q

What are the components of self-concept: 4

A

Self-esteem
Personal Identity
Body image
Role performance

42
Q

It is derived from a sense of giving and receiving love, and being respected by others
Extent: we like, accept, or approve of ourselves
May have a + or - view of ourselves

A

Self-esteem

43
Q

This is an attitude about one’s physical attributes and characteristics, appearance, and performance
Any change in body structure or function can affect it

A

Body image

44
Q

This is the organizing principle of the personality that accounts for continuity, consistency and uniqueness of a person

A

Personal Identity

45
Q

Personal Identity includes: 3 images

A
  1. Emotional images (feelings about oneself)
  2. Cognitive images (involves intelligence, past experiences and the process of thinking)
  3. Perceptual images (derived from the external sensory data=mental pictures of reality)
46
Q

Refers to q set of expected behaviours determined by familial, cultural, and social norms
If role is unable to fulfill=self concept is impaired

A

Role performance

47
Q

Give factors affecting self-concept:
4

A

*Factors across the lifespan (infants-preschooler, adolescents)
*Psychological factors (sadness, stress, loss, abusive relationships)
*Culture and lifestyle factors (culture, socioeconomic status, living condition)
*Physiological factors (fatigue, trauma, chronic illness, surgery, disability, obesity)

48
Q

This is genetically inherited personality traits influence our approach to communication

A

Biological and Social Roots to Self Concept

49
Q

Give the two influences on identity

A
  1. Diversity - race or ethnicity, age, culture, language, religion
  2. Culture- integrated pattern of human knowledge, belief, and behaviour
50
Q

4 stages of self-fulfilling prophecy

A
  1. You HOLD an expectation
  2. You BEHAVE in accordance with expectation
  3. Expectation comes true
  4. Original expectation is reinforced
51
Q

This is the process of organizing and interpreting incoming sensory information
We assign meaning to the world around us

A

Perception

52
Q

Perception is affected by factors in the _____, in the object or _______ being perceived, and in the _____ or _______

A

Perceiver
Target
Context or situation

53
Q

True or False

We often use our perceptions to predict what we think the other will think or do next

A

True

54
Q

3 Factors that influence perception

A
  1. Psychological influences (mood, self-concept, psychological challenges)
  2. Physiological influences (hunger, thirst, health, fatigue)
  3. Social influences (gender roles, age, occupational role)
55
Q

Our Interpretations are influenced by our ____ and our _______

A

*self-concept
*attitudes

56
Q

This is a mental framework or blueprint that we develop throughout our lives to make sense of our interactions with other people

A

Schemata

57
Q

Ingrained patterns of thinking and feeling that influence how we perceive, interpret, and respond to social situations.

A

Schemata

58
Q

the process by which organisms understand their environment through organizing and interpreting sensory information.

A

Perception

influenced by physical, environmental, and learned factors and varies between individuals.

59
Q

three phases of perception

A

*selecting relevant information
*organizing it
*interpreting what it means.

60
Q

true/false
1.You often categorize people based on an easily recognized characteristics

2.You assign a set of characteristics to most or all members of a category

3.You apply the set of characteristics to any member of the group

A

all true

61
Q

ability to re-create another person’s perspective, to experience the world from other’s point of view

A

empathy

62
Q

viewing another person’s situation from your point of view

you feel bad for them but fail to relate emotionally

A

sympathy

63
Q

Shows how the brain processes words and colours differently

A

Stoop Effect

64
Q

the biological and chemical reaction or response in the body to an internal or external trigger

A

Emotions

65
Q

*conscious evaluation or appraisal of what we are experiencing
*how we interpret emotions and let them sink in

A

Feelings

66
Q

True/ false
Feelings can be impacted by stories we’ve created in our head based on events of the past or fears of the future—not necessarily the truth of the situation.

A

True

67
Q

Psychologist who identified six basic emotions that he suggested were universally experienced in all human cultures.

A

Paul Eckman

68
Q

What are 7 Universal Human Emotions

A
  1. Happiness
  2. Sadness
  3. Anger
  4. Fear
  5. Disgust
  6. Surprise
  7. Contempt
69
Q

Reactions to meaningful events and include cognitive and physiological changes.

A

Emotions

70
Q

What is an image made up of symbols used in text messages, emails, etc. to express a particular emotion

A

Emoctions

71
Q

true/false
It is important to communicate the intensity of the emotion
Emotions are often mixed however we tend to only communicate one and usually the most negative one

A

true

72
Q

Body Language remember this tip- “PEOPLE”= what does it means?

A
  • (P)OSTURES & GESTURES
  • How do you use hand gestures? How do you stand?
  • (E)YE CONTACT
  • How’s your “Lighthouse”?
  • (O)RIENTATION
  • How do you position yourself?
  • (P)RESENTATION
  • How do you deliver your message?
  • (L)OOKS
  • Are your looks, appearance, dress important?
  • (E)XPRESSIONS OF EMOTION
  • Are you using facial expressions to express emotion?
73
Q

the ability to manage and monitor one own emotions and effectively respond to the emotions of others

A

Emotional intelligence

74
Q

the Rational, most advanced part of your brain. It allows you to be here, to listen, learn, then put into action.

A

Cerebral Cortex
where we process

75
Q

the centre of emotions

A
  • LIMBIC System* This is where the fight flight or freeze response “lives”
76
Q

four clusters of emotional intelligence

A
  • Self-awareness
  • Self-management
  • Social awareness
  • Social skills
77
Q

True/ false
Men:
*Rarely express feelings of vulnerability
*More likely to express positive emotions and strengths

A

true

78
Q

True/false
Women:
*More likely to express feelings of vulnerability
*More likely to express positive emotions
*More sensitive to emotions of others

A

True

79
Q

people feel comfortable revealing their feelings to others who are close to them

A

Individualist Cultures

80
Q

discourage expression of any negative emotions that might upset relationships among people who belong to the in-group

A

Collectivist Cultures
(e.g. Japan and India)

81
Q

3 Guidelines for Expressing Emotions

A
  1. Share Multiple Feelings
  2. Accept Responsibility for your Feelings
  3. Consider when and where to express your feelings
82
Q

Kind of emotions that are distinguished by intensity and duration

A

Facilitative and debilitative emotions

83
Q

are intense but brief, assisting in effective functioning

A

Facilitative Emotions

84
Q
  • Come from accepting irrational thoughts as truth
  • The level, or intensity, of the emotion we’re feeling, determines our response to the emotion
A

Debilitative Emotions

85
Q
  • How often do you get angry each day?
  • What are the causes of irritation in your life?
  • How upsetting is each episode of anger?
  • How well do you manage each episode?
A

Angry Thermometer

86
Q

It refers to the judgement and evaluations we make about our self-concept

A

Self-esteem

87
Q

Refers to the overall idea of who a person thinks he or she is

A

Self-concept

88
Q

What influences our self-perception

A

Social and family influence
Cultural influences
Media

89
Q

The process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting information

A

Perception

COMM1081 (Interpersonal Communication Skills) (3 decks)

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