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COMLEX Review > COMLEX Review > Flashcards

COMLEX Review Flashcards

1
Q

Microbe causing meningitis + petichial rash

A

Neisseria meningitidis

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2
Q

Pregnancy hormone that causes increase in maternal pancreatic islet cells

A

human placental lactogen

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3
Q

Where is calcium absorbed in the kidney?

A

Distal convoluted tubule

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4
Q

ABGs in someone going to high altitude

A

Resp. alkalosis, decreased HCO3 and pCO2

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5
Q

What happens to LH and FSH in menopause?

A

First FSH increases then, late, LH increases

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6
Q

Side-effects of long-term anabolic steroid use

A

Gynecomastia and hypogonadism

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7
Q

Area of heart with slowest conduction velocity

A

AV node (0.01-0.05 m/sec)

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8
Q

Female with dysmenorrhea and soft tissue tumor

A

Leiomyosarcoma (Uterine fibroids)

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9
Q

Child with tuberous sclerosis and a cardiac mass

A

Rhabdomyoma

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10
Q

Most common association with vitiligo

A

Thyroid disease

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11
Q

Appearance of Molluscum contagiosum

A

Flesh-colored, domed, pearly, and umbilicated (dimpled)

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12
Q

Appearance of lichen planus

A

Polygonal, pruritic, purple, flat-topped papules on skin, tongue, mucosa, genitals

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13
Q

When to perform emergency surgery with AAA

A

Rupture, grows >1cm per year, diameter >5.5cm (men) or 4.5cm (women)

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14
Q

What do you give diabetics with microalbuminuria?

A

ACE-Inhibitors

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15
Q

Type of CNS tumor with psammoma bodies and whorled pattern?

A

Meningioma

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16
Q

Most common primary CNS malignancy in adults?

A

Glioblastoma multiforme

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17
Q

Finding on UA in patient with ARF?

A

Hyaline casts

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18
Q

Meig’s Syndrome

A

Uterine fibroma, ascites, pleural effusion

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19
Q

Japanese, pelvic pain, indigestion, and acanthosis nigricans?

A

Krukenberg tumor (mucin-producing gastric adenocarcinoma)

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20
Q

What are the symptoms of carcinoid syndrome?

A

Flushing, wheezing, and diarrhea (Common location is appendix)

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21
Q

Most common cancer of the thyroid? Forms psammoma bodies?

A

Papillary carcinoma

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22
Q

Genetic mutation in seborrheic keratosis

A

FGFR3

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23
Q

Multiple seborrheic keratoses is indicative of what cancer?

A

Gastrointestinal adenocarcinmoa (Referred to as Leser-Trelat sign)

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24
Q

Insidious proximal muscle weakness, malar rash, heliotrope rash, perimysial inflammation, scaly eruption on fingers, shawl sign, Anti-Jo-1 Ab

A

Dermatomyositis

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25
Q

Insidious waxing and waning proximal weakness (usually involving shoulders and/or thighs), endomysial inflammation, Anti-Jo-1 Ab

A

Polymoyositis

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26
Q

Thyroid cancer with elevated calcitonin?

A

Medullary thyroid carcinoma

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27
Q

Smooth, shiny papules arranged in a circle on hands and feet of diabetics?

A

Granuloma annulare

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28
Q

Asbestos fibers are coated with what?

A

Iron and protein

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29
Q

MRI in patient with Huntington’s will show what?

A

Caudate nucleus degeneration

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30
Q

Black female with restrictive lung disease, Bell’s palsy, and elevated serum ACE?

A

Sarcoidosis

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31
Q

Symptoms of glucagonoma?

A

Hyperglycemia, anemia, venous thrombosis, infections, diarrhea, necrolytic erythema, bronze-colored induration

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32
Q

Seronegative spondyloarthropathies?

A

Psoriatic arthritis, anylosing spondylitis, Reiter’s syndrome

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33
Q

Most severe type of osteogenesis imperfecta and its mode of inheritance?

A

Type 2, autosomal dominant

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34
Q

Tay-Sachs disease?

A

Deficiency: Hex-A; Accumulates: GM(2)-Gangliosides in CNS; Signs/Symptoms: Neurodegeneration, developmental delay, cherry-red spot on macula, NO HEPATOSPLENOMEGALY

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35
Q

Gaucher disease?

A

Deficiency: Glucocerebrosidase; Accumulates: Glucocerebrosides in RES; Signs/Symptoms: Aseptic necrosis of femur, bone crises, Gaucher cells, hepatosplenomegaly

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36
Q

Neimann Pick disease?

A

Deficiency: Sphingomyelinase; Accumulates: Sphingomyelin in CNS; Signs/Symptoms: Neurodegeneration, cherry-red spot on macula, hepatosplenomegaly

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37
Q

Fatigue, weight loss, night sweats, and chronic back pain in an immigrant?

A

Pott disease (does not have to have pulmonary involvement)

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38
Q

Most common cause of postrenal ARF in men?

A

BPH

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39
Q

Cause of waxy casts?

A

Chronic renal failure (e.g. diabetic)

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40
Q

Causes of brown, muddy casts?

A

Acute tubular necrosis (CHF, hemorrhage, dehydration, etc.)

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41
Q

Causes of hyaline casts?

A

Nonspecific (Dehydration, low urine flow, vigorous exercise, etc.)

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42
Q

Causes of red blood casts?

A

Glomerulonephritis (Nephritic syndrome, SLE, Goodpastures, PSGN, etc.)

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43
Q

Causes of white blood casts?

A

Acute pyelonephritis, acute tubulointerstitial nephritis

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44
Q

Paraneoplastic syndrome associated with squamous cell lung carcinoma?

A

PTHrP

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45
Q

Paraneoplastic syndrome associated with small cell lung carcinoma?

A

ACTH or ADH

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46
Q

Signs and symptoms of hereditary hemochromatosis?

A

Fatigue, polydipsia, polyuria, liver failure, weight loss, skin hyperpigmentation, arthritis, and dilated cardiomyopathy

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47
Q

Rash, headache, abdominal pain, HTN, and Hep B positive?

A

Polyarteritis nodosa

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48
Q

Signs and symptoms of tuberous sclerosis?

A

Hamartomas, mental retardation, seizures, angiofibromas of skin and kidneys, ash leaf spots, and cardiac rhabdomyoma

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49
Q

Benign childhood cerebellar tumor?

A

Pilocytic astrocytoma

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50
Q

Raised bumps in webs of fingers and toes?

A

Scabies

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51
Q

Pediatric patient with non-infectious bloody stools?

A

Meckel diverticulum

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52
Q

Most important prognostic feature of malignant melanoma?

A

Depth of the lesion

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53
Q

Bone tumor at the metaphysis that shows sunburst pattern and Codman’s triangle?

A

Osteosarcoma

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54
Q

Peau d’orange in breast cancer is caused by what?

A

Contraction of the suspensory Cooper’s ligaments

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55
Q

Necrotizing vasculitis, granulomas in lung, glomerulonephritis, chronic sinusitis, and c-ANCA?

A

Wegener’s granulomatosis

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56
Q

Some causes of urinary incontinence and detrusor instability?

A

Frequent UTIs, bladder stones, bladder cancer, and foreign bodies

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57
Q

Patient with lymphoma and fluid in the pleural space?

A

Chylothorax: lymphoma blocks drainage of the thoracic duct and triglyceride-rich fluid leaks into the pleural space

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58
Q

Signs and symptoms of Henoch-Schonlein Purpura?

A

Rash, arthritis, hematuria, and abdominal pain. Follows viral URI. Mesangial IgA deposits on biopsy.

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59
Q

Enlarged uterine size and hCG >100,000?

A

Complete molar pregnancy

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60
Q

Signs and symptoms of Freidreich’s ataxia?

A

Staggering gait, nystagmus, pes cavus, hammer toes, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

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61
Q

Signs and symptoms of Reye’s syndrome?

A

Fatty liver, hypoglycemia, vomiting, hepatomegaly, and coma

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62
Q

MOA of bisphosphonates

A

Decrease osetoCLAST activity

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63
Q

Virulence factors of Gonococci

A

IgA protease and antigenic variation of pilus

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64
Q

What is given with RIPE treatment for TB to prevent neurotoxicity?

A

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)

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65
Q

Interaction between TMP/SMX and warfarin?

A

TMP/SMX inhibits CYP450, increasing plasma levels of warfarin. Reduce warfarin levels accordingly.

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66
Q

What drug is used to treat hypercalcuria and calcium renal stones?

A

HCTZ (causes hypercalcemia)

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67
Q

Neurotransmitter synthesized in the locus ceruleus?

A

Norepinephrine

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68
Q

Neurotransmitter synthesized in the ventral tegmentum and substantia nigra?

A

Dopamine

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69
Q

Neurotransmitter synthesized in the raphe nucleus?

A

Serotonin

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70
Q

Neurotransmitter synthesized in the basal nucleus of Meynert?

A

Acetylcholine

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71
Q

Neutotransmitter synthesized in the nucleus accumbens?

A

GABA

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72
Q

ID and DOC for Staph aureus

A

Catalase +/coagulase +, Beta hemolytic, Methacillin, nafcillin, oxacillin

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73
Q

ID and DOC for Staph epidermidis

A

Catalase +/coagulase -,

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74
Q

ID and DOC for Strep pneumoniae

A

Catalase -/coagulase -, Optochin Sensitive, PCN

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75
Q

ID and DOC for Strep pyogenes

A

Catalase -, Beta hemolytic, Bacitracin sensitive, PCN

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76
Q

What does ingestion of benzene cause?

A

Aplastic anemia

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77
Q

What does ingestion of lead cause?

A

Microcytic anemia with increased protoporphyrin

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78
Q

What does ingestion of mercury cause?

A

Acute renal failure with brown casts and hemorrhagic gastritis

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79
Q

What does ingestion of cyanide cause?

A

Disruption of the ETC and depletion of ATP

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80
Q

MOA of cilastin? (Imipenem/cilastin)

A

Inhibits renal dehydropeptidase 1

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81
Q

Most severe side effect of macrolides?

A

Prolonged QT

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82
Q

Confirmation of chronic granulomatous disease?

A

Negative nitroblue tetrazolium staining test

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83
Q

Side effects of fluconazole?

A

Gynecomastia and inhibition of P450

84
Q

Side effects of rifampin?

A

Orange body fluids, hepatotoxicity, induction of P450

85
Q

Side effects of tetracycline?

A

Discoloration of teeth and inhibition of bone growth in children; photosensitivity

86
Q

Side effects of macrolides?

A

Acute cholestatic hepatitis, prolonged QT, rash

87
Q

Side effects of aminoglycosides?

A

Ototoxicity, neuromuscular blockade, and nephrotoxicity

88
Q

Maneuver which increases afterload?

A

Handgrip

89
Q

Maneuver which increases preload?

A

Squatting

90
Q

Maneuver which decreases preload?

A

Valsalva/standing

91
Q

Weght loss regimen?

A

Increase unsaturated fats, decrease saturated fats, 150 minutes of moderate or 75 minutes of vigorous exercise per week

92
Q

When testing thyroid function what do you check first?

A

TSH

93
Q

Difference between ETEC and cholera?

A

Same symptoms (nausea, diarrhea, cramps) but cholera is more severe; may cause dehydration

94
Q

Schilling’s test for pernicious anemia?

A

Oral radioactive B12 and IF followed by IM B12 causes normal urinary excretion of B12

95
Q

Coagulation studies in vWD

A

Prolonged bleeding time and sometimes prolonged PTT (50%)

96
Q

Neisseria meningitidis

A

Microbe causing meningitis + petichial rash

97
Q

human placental lactogen

A

Pregnancy hormone that causes increase in maternal pancreatic islet cells

98
Q

Distal convoluted tubule

A

Where is calcium absorbed in the kidney?

99
Q

Resp. alkalosis, decreased HCO3 and pCO2

A

ABGs in someone going to high altitude

100
Q

First FSH increases then, late, LH increases

A

What happens to LH and FSH in menopause?

101
Q

Gynecomastia and hypogonadism

A

Side-effects of long-term anabolic steroid use

102
Q

AV node (0.01-0.05 m/sec)

A

Area of heart with slowest conduction velocity

103
Q

Leiomyosarcoma (Uterine fibroids)

A

Female with dysmenorrhea and soft tissue tumor

104
Q

Rhabdomyoma

A

Child with tuberous sclerosis and a cardiac mass

105
Q

Thyroid disease

A

Most common association with vitiligo

106
Q

Flesh-colored, domed, and pearly

A

Appearance of Molluscum contagiosum

107
Q

Polygonal, pruritic, purple, flat-topped papules on skin, tongue, mucosa, genitals

A

Appearance of lichen planus

108
Q

Rupture, grows >1cm per year, diameter >5.5cm (men) or 4.5cm (women)

A

When to perform emergency surgery with AAA

109
Q

ACE-Inhibitors

A

What do you give diabetics with microalbuminuria?

110
Q

Meningioma

A

Type of CNS tumor with psammoma bodies and whorled pattern?

111
Q

Glioblastoma multiforme

A

Most common primary CNS malignancy in adults?

112
Q

Hyaline casts

A

Finding on UA in patient with prerenal ARF?

113
Q

Uterine fibroma, ascites, pleural effusion

A

Meig’s Syndrome

114
Q

Krukenberg tumor (mucin-producing gastric adenocarcinoma)

A

Japanese, pelvic pain, indigestion, and acanthosis nigricans?

115
Q

Flushing, wheezing, and diarrhea (Common location is appendix)

A

What are the symptoms of carcinoid syndrome?

116
Q

Papillary carcinoma

A

Most common cancer of the thyroid? Forms psammoma bodies?

117
Q

FGFR3

A

Genetic mutation in seborrheic keratosis

118
Q

Gastrointestinal adenocarcinmoa (Referred to as Leser-Trelat sign)

A

Multiple seborrheic keratoses is indicative of what cancer?

119
Q

Dermatomyositis

A

Insidious proximal muscle weakness, scaly eruption on fingers, “shawl sign”

120
Q

Polymoyositis

A

Insidious, waxing and waning weakness, cracking of skin, Anti-Jo-1 Ab

121
Q

Medullary thyroid carcinoma

A

Thyroid cancer with elevated calcitonin?

122
Q

Granuloma annulare

A

Smooth, shiny papules arranged in a circle on hands and feet of diabetics?

123
Q

Iron and protein

A

Asbestos fibers are coated with what?

124
Q

Caudate nucleus degeneration

A

MRI in patient with Huntington’s will show what?

125
Q

Sarcoidosis

A

Black female with restrictive lung disease, Bell’s palsy, and elevated serum ACE?

126
Q

Hyperglycemia, anemia, venous thrombosis, infections, diarrhea, necrolytic erythema, bronze-colored induration

A

Symptoms of glucagonoma?

127
Q

Psoriatic arthritis, anylosing spondylitis, Reiter’s syndrome

A

Seronegative spondyloarthropathies?

128
Q

Type 2, autosomal dominant

A

Most severe type of osteogenesis imperfecta and its mode of inheritance?

129
Q

Deficiency: Hex-A; Accumulates: GM(2)-Gangliosides in CNS

A

Tay-Sachs disease?

130
Q

Deficiency: Beta-glucosidase; Accumulates: Cerebrosides in RES

A

Gaucher disease?

131
Q

Deficiency: Sphingomyelinase; Accumulates: Sphingomyelin in CNS

A

Neimann Pick disease?

132
Q

Pott disease (does not have to have pulmonary involvement)

A

Fatigue, weight loss, night sweats, and chronic back pain in an immigrant?

133
Q

BPH

A

Most common cause of postrenal ARF in men?

134
Q

Chronic renal failure (e.g. diabetic)

A

Cause of waxy casts?

135
Q

Acute tubular necrosis (CHF, hemorrhage, dehydration, etc.)

A

Causes of brown, muddy casts?

136
Q

Nonspecific (Dehydration, low urine flow, vigorous exercise, etc.)

A

Causes of hyaline casts?

137
Q

Glomerulonephritis (Nephritic syndrome, SLE, Goodpastures, PSGN, etc.)

A

Causes of red blood casts?

138
Q

Acute pyelonephritis, acute tubulointerstitial nephritis

A

Causes of white blood casts?

139
Q

PTHrP

A

Paraneoplastic syndrome associated with squamous cell lung carcinoma?

140
Q

ACTH or ADH

A

Paraneoplastic syndrome associated with small cell lung carcinoma?

141
Q

Fatigue, polydipsia, polyuria, liver failure, weight loss, skin hyperpigmentation, arthritis, and dilated cardiomyopathy

A

Signs and symptoms of hereditary hemochromatosis?

142
Q

Polyarteritis nodosa

A

Rash, headache, abdominal pain, HTN, and Hep B positive?

143
Q

Hamartomas, mental retardation, seizures, angiofibromas of skin and kidneys, ash leaf spots, and cardiac rhabdomyoma

A

Signs and symptoms of tuberous sclerosis?

144
Q

Pilocytic astrocytoma

A

Benign childhood cerebellar tumor?

145
Q

Scabies

A

Raised bumps in webs of fingers and toes?

146
Q

Meckel diverticulum

A

Pediatric patient with non-infectious bloody stools?

147
Q

Depth of the lesion

A

Most important prognostic feature of malignant melanoma?

148
Q

Osteosarcoma

A

Bone tumor at the metaphysis that shows sunburst pattern and Codman’s triangle?

149
Q

Contraction of the suspensory Cooper’s ligaments

A

Peau d’orange in breast cancer is caused by what?

150
Q

Wegener’s granulomatosis

A

Necrotizing vasculitis, granulomas in lung, glomerulonephritis, chronic sinusitis, and c-ANCA?

151
Q

Frequent UTIs, bladder stones, bladder cancer, and foreign bodies

A

Some causes of urinary incontinence and detrusor instability?

152
Q

Chylothorax: lymphoma blocks drainage of the thoracic duct and triglyceride-rich fluid leaks into the pleural space

A

Patient with lymphoma and fluid in the pleural space?

153
Q

Rash, arthritis, hematuria, and abdominal pain. Follows viral URI. Mesangial IgA deposits on biopsy.

A

Signs and symptoms of Henoch-Schonlein Purpura?

154
Q

Complete molar pregnancy

A

Enlarged uterine size and hCG >100,000?

155
Q

Staggering gait, nystagmus, pes cavus, hammer toes, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A

Signs and symptoms of Freidreich’s ataxia?

156
Q

Fatty liver, hypoglycemia, vomiting, hepatomegaly, and coma

A

Signs and symptoms of Reye’s syndrome?

157
Q

Decrease osetoCLAST activity

A

MOA of bisphosphonates

158
Q

IgA protease and antigenic variation of pilus

A

Virulence factors of Gonococci

159
Q

Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)

A

What is given with RIPE treatment for TB to prevent neurotoxicity?

160
Q

TMP/SMX inhibits CYP450, increasing plasma levels of warfarin. Reduce warfarin levels accordingly.

A

Interaction between TMP/SMX and warfarin?

161
Q

HCTZ (causes hypercalcemia)

A

What drug is used to treat hypercalcuria and calcium renal stones?

162
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Neurotransmitter synthesized in the locus ceruleus?

163
Q

Dopamine

A

Neurotransmitter synthesized in the ventral tegmentum and substantia nigra?

164
Q

Serotonin

A

Neurotransmitter synthesized in the raphe nucleus?

165
Q

Acetylcholine

A

Neurotransmitter synthesized in the basal nucleus of Meynert?

166
Q

GABA

A

Neutotransmitter synthesized in the nucleus accumbens?

167
Q

Catalase +/coagulase +, Beta hemolytic, Methacillin, nafcillin, oxacillin

A

ID and DOC for Staph aureus

168
Q

Catalase +/coagulase -,

A

ID and DOC for Staph epidermidis

169
Q

Catalase -/coagulase -, Optochin Sensitive, PCN

A

ID and DOC for Strep pneumoniae

170
Q

Catalase -, Beta hemolytic, Bacitracin sensitive, PCN

A

ID and DOC for Strep pyogenes

171
Q

Aplastic anemia

A

What does ingestion of benzene cause?

172
Q

Microcytic anemia with increased protoporphyrin

A

What does ingestion of lead cause?

173
Q

Acute renal failure with brown casts and hemorrhagic gastritis

A

What does ingestion of mercury cause?

174
Q

Disruption of the ETC and depletion of ATP

A

What does ingestion of cyanide cause?

175
Q

Inhibits renal dehydropeptidase 1

A

MOA of cilastin? (Imipenem/cilastin)

176
Q

Prolonged QT

A

Most sever side effect of macrolides?

177
Q

Negative nitroblue tetrazolium staining test

A

Confirmation of chronic granulomatous disease?

178
Q

Gynecomastia and inhibition of P450

A

Side effects of fluconazole?

179
Q

Orange body fluids, hepatotoxicity, induction of P450

A

Side effects of rifampin?

180
Q

Damage to tendons, cartilage, and bone

A

Side effects of tetracycline?

181
Q

GI discomfort and acute cholestatic hepatitis

A

Side effets of macrolides?

182
Q

Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity

A

Side effects of aminoglycosides?

183
Q

Handgrip

A

Maneuver which increases afterload?

184
Q

Squatting

A

Maneuver which increases preload?

185
Q

Valsalva/standing

A

Maneuver which decreases preload?

186
Q

Increase unsaturated fats, decrease saturated fats, 150 minutes of moderate or 75 minutes of vigorous exercise per week

A

Weght loss regimen?

187
Q

TSH

A

When testing thyroid function what do you check first?

188
Q

Same symptoms (nausea, diarrhea, cramps) but cholera is more severe; may cause dehydration

A

Difference between ETEC and cholera?

189
Q

Oral radioactive B12 and IF followed by IM B12 causes normal urinary excretion of B12

A

Schilling’s test for pernicious anemia?

190
Q

Prolonged bleeding time and sometimes prolonged PTT (50%)

A

Coagulation studies in vWD

191
Q

Bernard-Soulier Syndrome

A

Mechanism: Decreased GpIb; Findings: Decreased platelet count, increased bleeding time; Defect in platelet adhesion

192
Q

Glanzmanns’s Thrombasthenia

A

Mechanism: Decreased GpIIb/IIIa; Findings: Normal platelet count, increased bleeding time, no platelet clumping; Defect in platelet aggregation

193
Q

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)

A

Mechanism: Anti-GpIIb/IIIa antibodies; Findings: Decreased platelet count, increased bleeding time, megakaryocytes, normal PT/PTT; Splenic marcophages consume platelet/Ab complexes

194
Q

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP)

A

Mechanism: Deficiancy of ADAMTS 13 (vWF metalloprotease) -> decreased degredation of vWF; Findings: Decreased platelets, increased bleeding time, increased platelet aggregation and thrombosis, schistocytes and increased LDH, normal PT/PTT; Neurologic and renal symptoms, fever, thrombocytopenia, and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia

195
Q

Hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS)

A

TTP without neurologic symptoms; Associated with E. coli O157:H7

196
Q

Burkitt’s Lymphoma

A

t(8;14) translocation: c-myc. Starry sky appearance. Associated with EBV. Jaw lesions or pelvic/abdominal mass.

197
Q

Mantle Cell Lymphoma

A

t(11:14) translocation: cyclin D1. CD5+ cells. Older males most common.

198
Q

Follicular Lymphoma

A

t(14;18) translocation: bcl-2. Difficult to cure. Bcl-2 inhibits apoptosis.

199
Q

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma

A

Age < 15. Can present with mediastinal mass. Greatly increased lymphoblasts in blood and bone marrow. TdT+. Associated with Down’s syndrome. 85% are B-ALL (usually in kids), 15% are T-ALL (usually in teens). t(12;21) has better prognosis.

200
Q

Small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) / Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)

A

Age > 60. Smudge cells in peripheral blood smear. Can cause autoimmune hemolytic anemia (cold or warm). CLL has > 4,000 WBC/mm3. Can transform to DLBCL (Richter syndrome).

201
Q

Hairy Cell Leukemia

A

Adults. Mature B-cell tumor. Cells have filamentous, hair-like projections. Strains TRAP+. Excellent prognosis. Splenomegaly and DRY bone marrow aspiration.

202
Q

Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)

A

Age around 65. Auer rods (peroxidase+ cytoplasmic inclusions commonly seen in acute promyelocytic leukemia [M3]). MPO+. Greatly increased myeloblasts (>20% in bone marrow) in blood and marrow. M3 subtype: t(15;17) translocation. Responds to all-trans retinoic acid.

203
Q

Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)

A

Age usually 30-60. Philadelphia chromosome: t(9;22) bcr-abl translocation causes constitutive RAS/STAT/AKT activity. Increased neutrophils, metamyelocytes, and basophils. Low leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) vs. leukemoid reaction. Treatment: Imatinib

204
Q

Langerhans cell histiocytosis

A

Proliferation of dendritic (Langerhans) cells. Lytic bone lesions and skin rash. Cells are S-100+ and CD1a+. Birbeck granules (tennis rackets) on EM.

205
Q

Latent TB treatment?

A

9 months of isoniazid

206
Q

Snake venom antitoxin reaction five days later of fever, rash, and polyarthritis?

A

Serum sickness, type III hypersensitivity reaction

COMLEX Review (1 decks)

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