COMLEX Flashcards
What’s the main motion, side bending and rotation of AA?
Main motion: rotation
side bending and rotation: opposite sides
What’s the main motion, side bending and rotation all C2-C4?
Main motion: rotation
side bending and rotation: same sides
What’s the main motion, side bending and rotation of C5-C7?
Made motion: side bending
side bending and rotation: same sides
The spine of the scapula corresponds with?
T3
Inferior angle of the scapula corresponds with the spinous process of?
T7
Sternal notch is level with?
T2
Sternal angle (angle of Louis) attaches to the second ribs at the level with?
T4
The nipple is at the ____ dermatome.
T4
The umbilicus is at the _____ dermatome.
T10
What’s the main motion of the thoracic spine?
Rotation
What are the typical versus atypical ribs?
Atypical ribs have “1s” and “2s”
Atypical Ribs 1, 2, 11 and 12
What ribs are considered true ribs, false ribs, floating ribs?
True ribs: 1-7
False ribs: 8 to 12
Floating ribs 11–12
What are the different rib motions?
Pump handle motion (rib 1-5)
Bucket handle motion (rib 6-10)
Caliper motion (ribs 11-12)
What’s in inhalation dysfunction/exhalation restriction?
Rib is “held up”/doesn’t move down during exhalation
Elevated rib
Key rib: lowest rib
What’s exhalation dysfunction/inhalation restriction?
Rib is “held down”/doesn’t move up during inhalation
Depressed rib
Kia rib: uppermost rib
L4-L5 intervertebral disc at the level of the ___?
Iliac crest
What’s the main motion of the lumbar spine?
Flexion/extension
Hey flexion contracture of the iliopsoas is often associated with a non-neutral dysfunction of ___?
L1 or L2
What spondylolisthesis?
Anterior displacement of one vertebrae in relation to the one below.
Often occurs at L4 or L5
usually due to fatigue fractures in the pars interarticularis of the vertebrae
Lateral X-Ray view shows Positive vertebral step-off sign
What’s spondylolysis?
A defect usually of the pars interarticularis WITHOUT anterior displacement of the vertebral body.
Oblique X-Ray views show a “collar” on the neck of the Scotty dog
What’s spondylosis?
Degenerative changes within the intervertebral disc and ankylosing of adjacent vertebral bodies.
What’s the main motion, side bending and rotation of OA?
Made motion: Flexion and extension
Side bending and rotation: opposite sides
Sympathetic innervation: head and neck
T1-T4
Sympathetic innervation: upper limb
T1-T6
Sympathetic innervation: thoracic viscera
heart
lungs
esophagus
trachea
T1-T6
Sympathetic innervation: body wall
T1-L1
Sympathetic innervation: mammary glands
T1-T6
Sympathetic innervation: upper G.I. (Foregut)
distal esophagus stomach proximal duodenum pancreas liver gallbladder and ducts spleen
T5 – T9
Greater Splanchnic n. –> Celiac ganglion
Sympathetic innervation: middle G.I. (Midgut)
Distal duodenum jejunum ilium cecum appendix ascending colon 2/3 transverse colon
T8 – T11
Greater & Lesser Splanchnic n –> Superior Mesenteric ganglion
Sympathetic innervation: lower G.I. (Hindgut)
1/3 transfers colon Descending colon sigmoid colon Rectum anal canal (above pectinate line)
T12/L1 – L2
Lumbar Splanchnic n –> Inferior Mesenteric ganglion
Sympathetic innervation: GU
adrenals
kidneys
upper ureters
T10 – T11/T12
Lesser, Least & Lumbar Splanchnic n –> Aorticorenal ganglion
Sympathetic innervation: GU
Lower ureters
bladder
T12 – L2
Sympathetic innervation: gonads
T9/T10 – T11
Sympathetic innervation: pelvis
uterus
cervix / upper vagina
prostate
T12 – L2
Lumbar Splanchnic n –> Inferior Hypogastric plexus
Sympathetic innervation: lower limb
T11 – L2
Sympathetic innervation: appendix
T10
