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A fitting Paige > Combustion and Emission > Flashcards

Combustion and Emission Flashcards

1
Q

What is combustion

A

Chemical process of rapid oxidation of fuel products

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2
Q

What three things are needed for combusion

A

Fuel. oxygen, Heat (Ignition)

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3
Q

What are fuels

A

Hydrocarbons
(Made up of carbon and hydrogen)

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4
Q

How do atmospheric burners work

A

Use kinetic energy from the flow of gas which creates pressure drop making air go into burner via atmospheric pressure

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5
Q

How much air is primary air

A

1/3

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6
Q

How much air is secondary air

A

2/3

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7
Q

How much air for perfect combusion

A

10 ft

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8
Q

How much air for excess air

A

5 ft

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9
Q

How much air for dilution air

A

15 ft

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10
Q

Where is a forced draft burner

A

Fan before the burner

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11
Q

Where is an induced draft burner

A

Fan after the burner

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12
Q

Does forced draft need dilution air

A

No

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13
Q

What is tertiary air used for

A

Controls Nox

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14
Q

What is perfect combustion called

A

Stoichiometric

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15
Q

What is the incomplete combustion formula

A

fuel+02+N2=C02+H20+N2+C0+Aldehydes

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16
Q

What percent in combustion is NO

A

95%

17
Q

When does N02 form

A

Once is atmosphere

18
Q

What does Nox create when mixed with other pollutants

A

Ozone and acid rain

19
Q

What is Nox made up with

A

N01 and N02

20
Q

How is thermal Nox made

A

Through high temps oxidation of nitrogen in combustion

21
Q

What temperature is Nox created

A

2200 F

22
Q

Who is SOX created

A

Combustion of fuels containing sulfer

23
Q

What makes up SOX

A

SO2 and SO3

24
Q

Is Sox dependant on the size of the burner design of the boiler

A

NO

25
Q

What percent of sulfer in the fuel will be SOX

A

95%

26
Q

What ppm must heating oil stay under to avoid creating SOX

A

500PPM

27
Q

What particulate emissions does wood create

A

Carbon particulates
Soot
unburned wood dust
PAH
semi-volatile organic compounds
Ash (metals, dust, minerals)

28
Q

How much less CO2 is created from using natural gas verses Oil and Coal

A

30% -oil
45%-coal

29
Q

How is CO created

A

Incomplete combustion
Disruptions of air/fuel mixture
Failing inducer
Gas pressure too high
Not enough combustion air

30
Q

What is the explosion limit of CO

A

12.5% or 125000 PPM

31
Q

Is CO lighter or heavier than air

A

Slightly Lighter

32
Q

How much CO can be produced when properly set up

A

Less then 3

33
Q

Max level of CO in air free

A

400

34
Q

What problems can look like too much excess air but is a CO problem

A

Leaking site glass
Refractory issue
Cracked heat exchanger

A fitting Paige (13 decks)

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