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APPENDIX A MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY, WORD PARTS, AND SINGULAR AND PLURAL ENDINGS > COMBINING FORM > Flashcards

COMBINING FORM Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

ABDOMIN/O

A

ABDOMEN, ABDOMINAL CAVITY

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2
Q

ACOU/O

A

HEARING

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3
Q

ACOUST/O

A

HEARING

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4
Q

ACR/O

A

EXTREMITY, EXTREME

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5
Q

ADEN/O

A

GLAND

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6
Q

ADREN/O

A

ADRENAL GLAND

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7
Q

AER/O

A

AIR OR GAS

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8
Q

ALBUMIN/O

A

ALBUMIN

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9
Q

ALVEOL/O

A

ALVEOLUS (AIR SAC)

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10
Q

AMNI/O

A

AMNION, AMNIOTIC FLUID

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11
Q

AMNION/O

A

AMNION, AMNIOTIC FLUID

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12
Q

ANDR/O

A

MALE

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13
Q

ANGI/O

A

BLOOD VESSEL

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14
Q

ANKYL/O

A

CROOKED

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15
Q

ANTER/O

A

FRONT

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16
Q

AORT/O

A

ARTERY

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17
Q

ARTERI/O

A

ARTERY

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18
Q

ARTHR/O

A

JOINT

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19
Q

ASTHENI/O

A

WEAKNESS

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20
Q

ATEL/O

A

IMPERFECT, INCOMPLETE

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21
Q

ATHER/O

A

FAT

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22
Q

ATRI/O

A

ATRIUM

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23
Q

AUD/O

A

HEARING

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24
Q

AUDI/O

A

HEARING

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25
Q

AUR/I

A

EAR

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26
Q

AUT/O

A

SELF

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27
Q

AZOT/O

A

UREA, NITROGEN

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28
Q

BACTER/O

A

BACTERIA

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29
Q

BALAN/O

A

GLANS PENIS

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30
Q

BI/O

A

LIFE

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31
Q

BIL/I

A

BILE

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32
Q

BLAST/O

A

GERM, BUD

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33
Q

BLEPHAR/O

A

EYELID

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34
Q

BRONCH/I

A

BRONCHUS (AIRWAY)

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35
Q

BRONCH/O

A

BRONCHUS (AIRWAY)

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36
Q

BURS/O

A

PURSE OR SAC; BURSA

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37
Q

CALC/I

A

CALCIUM

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38
Q

CANCER/O

A

CANCER

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39
Q

CARCIN/O

A

CANCER

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40
Q

CARD/O

A

HEART

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41
Q

CARDI/O

A

HEART

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42
Q

CARP/O

A

WRIST

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43
Q

CARTIL/O

A

GRISTLE, CARTILAGE

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44
Q

CAUD/O

A

TAIL

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45
Q

CEC/O

A

BLIND INTESTINE, CECUM

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46
Q

CEL/O

A

HERNIA, PROTRUSION

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47
Q

CELI/O

A

ABDOMEN, ABNORMAL CAVITY

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48
Q

CEPHAL/O

A

HEAD

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49
Q

CEREBELL/O

A

CEREBELLUM (LITTLE BRAIN)

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50
Q

CEREBR/O

A

CEREBRUM (BRAIN)

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51
Q

CERUMIN/O

A

WAX

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52
Q

CERVIC/O

A

CERVIX, NECK

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53
Q

CHEIL/O

A

LIP

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54
Q

CHIR/O

A

HAND

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55
Q

CHOL/E

A

BILE, GALL

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56
Q

CHRONDR/O

A

CARTILAGE

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57
Q

CHORI/O

A

MEMBRANE, CHORION

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58
Q

CHROMAT/O

A

COLOR

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59
Q

CLON/O

A

SPASM

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60
Q

COL/O

A

COLON

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61
Q

COLP/O

A

VAGINA

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62
Q

CONJUNCTIV/O

A

TO BIND TOGETHER, CONJUNCTIVA

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63
Q

COR/O

A

PUPIL

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64
Q

CORE/O

A

PUPIL

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65
Q

CORNE/O

A

HORNY, CORNEA

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66
Q

CORON/O

A

CROWN, CIRCLE

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67
Q

CORTIC/O

A

OUTER COVERING, CORTEX

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68
Q

COST/O

A

RIB

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69
Q

CRAN/O

A

SKULL, CRANIUM

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70
Q

CRANI/O

A

SKULL, CRANIUM

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71
Q

CRIN/O

A

TO SECRETE

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72
Q

CRYPT/O

A

HIDDEN

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73
Q

CUTANE/O

A

SKIN

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74
Q

CYAN/O

A

BLUE

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75
Q

CYST/O

A

BLADDER, SAC

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76
Q

CYT/O

A

CELL

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77
Q

DACRY/O

A

TEAR

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78
Q

DENT/I

A

TEETH

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79
Q

DERM/O

A

SKIN

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80
Q

DERMAT/O

A

SKIN

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81
Q

DIAPHRAGMAT/O

A

DIAPHRAGM

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82
Q

DIPL/O

A

DOUBLE

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83
Q

DIPS/O

A

THIRST

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84
Q

DIST/O

A

AWAY

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85
Q

DIVERTICUL/O

A

SMALL BLIND POUCH, DIVERTICULUM

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86
Q

DORS/O

A

BACK

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87
Q

DUCT/O

A

TO LEAD OR TO CONVEY

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88
Q

DUODEN/O

A

TWELVE, DUODENUM

THE FIRST PART OF THE SMALL INTESTINE. IT CONNECTS TO THE STOMACH AND HELPS TO FURTHER DIGEST FOOD COMING FROM THE STOMACH. IT ABSORBS NUTRIENTS AND WATER FROM FOOD SO THEY CAN BE USED BY THE BODY

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89
Q

DUR/O

A

HARD

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90
Q

ECH/O

A

SOUND

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91
Q

ELECTRO/O

A

ELECTRICITY

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92
Q

EMBOL/O

A

THROWING IN OR RELEASE OF

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93
Q

EMBRY/O

A

EMBRYO

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94
Q

ENCEPHAL/O

A

BRAIN

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95
Q

ENDOCRIN/O

A

ENDOCRINE

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96
Q

ENTER/O

A

SMALL INTESTINE

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97
Q

EPIDIDYM/O

A

EPIDIDYMIS

COILED TUBE CONNECTED TO BACK OF TESTICLES- GLAND THAT PRODUCES SPERM

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98
Q

EPIGLOTT/O

A

EPIGLOTTIS

FLAP OF TISSUE THAT SITS BENEATH THE TONGUE AT THE BACK OF THE THOAT. FUNCTION IS TO CLOSE OUR WINDPIPE (TRACHEA) WHILE EATING TO PREVENT FOOD ENTERING YOUR AIRWAY.

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99
Q

EPISI/O

A

VULVA

OUTTER PART OF THE FEMALE GENITALS, MAJOR.

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100
Q

ERYTH/O

A

RED

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101
Q

ERYTHR/O

A

RED

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102
Q

ESOPHAG/O

A

GULLET, ESOPHAGUS

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103
Q

ESTHESI/O

A

SENSATION

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104
Q

ETI/O

A

CAUSE ( OF DISEASE)

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105
Q

FASCI/O

A

FASCIA

THIN CASING OF CONNECTING TISSUE THAT SURROUNDS AND HOLD EVERYORGAN, BLOOD VESSEL, BONE, NERVE, FIBER, AND MUSCLE IN PLACE.

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106
Q

FEMOR/O

A

THIGH

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107
Q

FET/I

A

FETUS

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108
Q

FET/O

A

FETUS

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109
Q

FIBR/O

A

FIBER

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110
Q

FIBUL/O

A

CLASP OF BUCKLE, FIBULA

OURTTER BONE OF THE TIBIA CONNECTING FROM ANKLE UP TO KNEE.

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111
Q

FOVEA/O

A

SMALL PIT

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112
Q

GANGLI/O

A

GANGLION

CYST- A FLUID FILLED LUMP UNDER SKIN OFTEN FOUND OVER JOINT OR IN A TENDON IN HAND OR WRIST

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113
Q

GASTR/O

A

STOMACH

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114
Q

GEN/O

A

FORMATION, CAUSE, PRODUCE

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115
Q

GER/O

A

OLD AGE

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116
Q

GINGIV/O

A

GUMS

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117
Q

GLI/O

A

GLUE, NEUROGLIA

CELLS THAT HOLD NERVES IN PLACE AND HELP THEM WORK THE WAY THEY SHOULD.

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118
Q

GLOMERUL/O

A

LITTLE BALL, GLOMERULUS

CLUSTER OF NERVE ENDINGS, SPORES, OR SMALL BLOOD VESSELS, CLUSTER OF CAPILLARIES AROUND THE END OF A KIDNEY TUBULE, WHERE WASTE PRODUCTS ARE FILTERED FROM THE BLOOD

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119
Q

GLOSS/O

A

TONGUE

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120
Q

GLUC/O

A

GLUCOSE, SUGAR

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121
Q

GLUT/O

A

BUTTOCK

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122
Q

GLYC/O

A

GLYCOGEN, SUGAR

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123
Q

GRAVID/O

A

PREGNANCY

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124
Q

GRAVIDAR/O

A

PREGNANCY

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125
Q

GYN/O

A

WOMAN

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126
Q

GYNEC/O

A

WOMAN

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127
Q

HALAT/O

A

BREATH

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128
Q

HEM/O

A

BLOOD

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129
Q

HEMAT/O

A

BLOOD

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130
Q

HEPAT/O

A

LIVER

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131
Q

HERN/O

A

PROTRUSION, HERNIA

SAC FORMED BY LINING OF THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY. SAC COMES THROUGH HOLE OR WEAK AREA IN THE STRONG LAYER OF THE BELLY WALL THAT SURROUNDS THE MUSCLE (FASCIA)

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132
Q

HERNI/O

A

PROTRUSION, HERNIA

SAC FORMED BY LINING OF THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY. SAC COMES THROUGH HOLE OR WEAK AREA IN THE STRONG LAYER OF THE BELLY WALL THAT SURROUNDS THE MUSCLE (FASCIA)

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133
Q

HETER/O

A

OTHER

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134
Q

HIDR/O

A

SWEAT

135
Q

HIST/O

A

TISSUE

136
Q

HOM/O

A

SAMENESS, UNCHANGING

137
Q

HORMON/O

A

TO SET IN MOTION

138
Q

HYDR/O

A

WATER

139
Q

HYMEN/O

A

HYMEN

THIN PIECE OF TISSUE LOCATED AT TOPENING OF VAGINA.

140
Q

HYSTER/O

A

UTERUS

141
Q

IDI/O

A

PERSON, SELF

142
Q

ILE/O

A

ILEUM OF SMALL INTESTINE, TO ROLL

LAST PART OF SMALL INTESTINE, HELPS TO FURTHER DIGEST FOOD COMING FROM STOMACH AND OTHER PARTS OF SMALL INTESTINE

143
Q

ILI/O

A

FLANK, GROIN, ILIUM OF THE PELVIS

UPPER PORTION OF THE HIP BONE AND PELVIS.

144
Q

IMMUN/O

A

EXEMPT: IMMUNITY

145
Q

INFECT/O

A

TO ENTER, INVADE

146
Q

INFER/O

A

BELOW

147
Q

INGUIN/O

A

GROIN

148
Q

IR/O

A

RAINBOW, IRIS

149
Q

IRID/O

A

RAINBOW, IRIS

150
Q

ISCHI/O

A

HAUNCH, HIP JOINT, ISCHIUM

151
Q

JEJNUN/O

A

EMPTY, JEJUNUM

MIDDLE PART OF THE SMALL INTESTINE HELPS FURTHER DIGEST FOOD COMING FROM STOMACH.

152
Q

KAL/I

A

POTASSIUM

MINERAL THAT YOUR BODY NEEDS TO WORK PROPERLY. TYPE OF ELECTROLYTE HELPS NERVES TO FUNCTION AND MUSCLES TO CONTRACT.

153
Q

KERAT/O

A

HARD, HORNY; CORNEA

154
Q

KET/O

A

KETONE BODIES

155
Q

KETON/O

A

KETONE BODIES

156
Q

KINESI/O

A

MOTION

157
Q

KYPH/O

A

HUMP

158
Q

LABYRINTH/O

A

LABYRINTH, INTERNAL EAR

159
Q

LACRIM/O

A

TEAR

160
Q

LACTO/O

A

MILK

161
Q

LAMIN/O

A

THIN, LAMINA, LAYER

FLATTENED OR ARCHED PART OF VERTEBRAL ARCH, FORMING THE ROOF OF THE SPINAL CANAL

162
Q

LAPAR/O

A

ABDOMEN, ABDOMINAL CAVITY

163
Q

LARYNG/O

A

LARYNX (VOICE BOX)

164
Q

LATER/O

A

SIDE

165
Q

LEUK/O

A

WHITE

166
Q

LINGU/O

A

TONGUE

167
Q

LIP/O

A

FAT, LIPID

168
Q

LITH/O

A

STONE

169
Q

LOB/O

A

LOBE

170
Q

LORD/O

A

BENT FORWARD

171
Q

LUMB/O

A

LOIN, LOWER BACK

172
Q

LYMPH/O

A

CLEAR WATER OR FLUID

173
Q

LYS/O

A

DISSOLUTION

174
Q

MAL/O

A

BAD

175
Q

MAMM/O

A

BREAST

176
Q

MAST/O

A

BREAST

177
Q

MEAT/O

A

OPENING

178
Q

MEDI/O

A

MIDDLE

179
Q

MEGAL/O

A

ABNORMALLY LARGE

180
Q

MELAN/O

A

DARK, BLACK

181
Q

MEN/O

A

MONTH, MENSTRUATION

182
Q

MENING/O

A

MENINGES, MEMBRANE

MENINGES, 3 MEMBRANES; DURA MATER, ARACHNOID AND PIA MATER LINE THE SKULL AND VERTEBRAL CANAL AND ENCLOSE THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD.

183
Q

MENISC/O

A

CRESCENT-SHAPED MOON, MENISCUS MEMBRANE

184
Q

MENSTRU/O

A

MONTH, MENSTRUATION

185
Q

MENT/O

A

MIND

186
Q

METR/O

A

UTERUS

187
Q

MON/O

A

ONE

188
Q

MUC/O

A

MUCUS

189
Q

MY/O

A

MUSCLE

190
Q

MYC/O

A

FUNGUS

191
Q

MYEL/O

A

BONE MARROW; SPINAL CORD; MEDULLA; MYELIN

192
Q

MYELON/O

A

BONE MARROW; SPINAL CORD; MEDULLA; MYELIN

193
Q

MYRING/O

A

MEMBRANE; EARDRUM

194
Q

MYX/O

A

MUCUS

195
Q

NAS/O

A

NOSE

196
Q

NAT/O

A

BIRTH

197
Q

NATR/O

A

SODIUM

198
Q

NECR/O

A

DEATH

199
Q

NEPHRO/O

A

KIDNEY

200
Q

NEUR/O

A

NERVE

201
Q

NOCT/I

A

NIGHT

202
Q

NUCL/O

A

KERNEL, NUCLEUS

203
Q

NYCT/O

A

NIGHT, NOCTURNAL

204
Q

NYCTAL/O

A

NIGHT, NOCTURNAL

205
Q

OBSTETR/O

A

MIDWIFE, PRENATAL DEVELOPMENT

206
Q

OCUL/O

A

EYE

207
Q

ODONT/O

A

PERTAINING TO TEETH

208
Q

OLIG/O

A

FEW IN NUMBER

209
Q

OMPHAL/O

A

UMBILICUS (NAVEL)

210
Q

ONC/O

A

TUMOR

211
Q

ONYCH/O

A

NAIL

212
Q

OOPHOR/O

A

OVARY

213
Q

OPT/O

A

EYE, VISION

214
Q

OPTHALM/O

A

EYE

215
Q

OR/O

A

MOUTH

216
Q

ORCH/O
ORCHI/O
ORCHID/O
TEST/O

A

TESTIS OR TESTICLE

217
Q

ORTH/O

A

STRAIGHT

218
Q

OSTE/O

A

BONE

219
Q

OT/O

A

EAR

220
Q

OV/I
OV/O

A

EGG

221
Q

OVARI/O

A

OVARY

222
Q

OX/O

A

OXYGEN

223
Q

PALAT/O

A

ROOF OF MOUTH, PALATE

224
Q

PANCREAT/O

A

SWEETBREAD, PANCREAS

225
Q

PAR/O

A

PARTURITION OR LABOR

226
Q

PARATHYROID/O

A

PARATHYROID

227
Q

PARIET/O

A

WALL

228
Q

T/O

A

LABOR

229
Q

PATELL/O

A

SMALL PAN, PATELLA

230
Q

PATH/O

A

DISEASE

231
Q

PECTOR/O

A

CHEST

232
Q

PED/O
PEDIATRO/O

A

CHILD

233
Q

PELV/L

A

BASIN, PELVIS

234
Q

PEN/O

A

PENIS

235
Q

PEPS/O

A

DIGESTION

236
Q

PERINE/O

A

PERINEUM

237
Q

PERITONE/O

A

TO STRETCH OVER, PERITONEUM

238
Q

PHAG/O

A

EAT, SWALLOW

239
Q

PHALANG/O

A

ROW OF SOLDIERS, FINGERS

240
Q

PHARYNG/O

A

PHARYNX (THROAT)

241
Q

PHAS/O

A

SPEECH

242
Q

PHLEB/O
VEN/O

A

VEIN

243
Q

PHOT/O

A

LIGHT

244
Q

PHYSI/O

A

NATURE

245
Q

PLEGI/O

A

PARALYSIS

246
Q

PLEUR/O

A

PLEURA

247
Q

PNEUM/O
PNEUMAT/O

A

LUNG OR AIR

248
Q

POD/O

A

FOOT

249
Q

POLYP/O

A

POLYP

250
Q

POSTER/O

A

BACK

251
Q

PRESBY/O

A

OLD AGE

252
Q

PRIM/I

A

FIRST

253
Q

PROCT/O

A

ANUS

254
Q

PROSTAT/O

A

PROSTATE GLAND

255
Q

PROXIM/O

A

NEAR

256
Q

PSEUD/O

A

FALSE

257
Q

PSYCH/O

A

MIND

258
Q

PUB/O

A

GROWN UP

259
Q

PULMON/O

A

LUNG

260
Q

PY/O

A

PUS

261
Q

PYEL/O

A

PELVIS (RENAL)

262
Q

PYLOR/O

A

PYLORUS

263
Q

QUAD/O
QUADR/I

A

FOUR

264
Q

RACHI/O

A

SPINE

265
Q

RADI/O

A

SPOKE OF A WHEEL, RADIUS

266
Q

RECT/O

A

STRAIGHT, ERECT, RECTUM

267
Q

REN/O

A

KIDNEY

268
Q

RETIN/O

A

NET, RETINA

269
Q

RHABD/O

A

ROD

270
Q

RHIN/O

A

NOSE

271
Q

SACR/O

A

SACRED, SACRUM

272
Q

SALPING/O

A

TUBE: EUSTACHIAN TUBE; FALLOPIAN TUBE

273
Q

SARC/O

A

FLESH, MUSCLE

274
Q

SCLER/O

A

THIS, HARD; SCLERA

275
Q

SCOLI/O

A

CURVED

276
Q

SEB/O

A

SEBUM, OIL

277
Q

SEMIN/O
SPERM
SPERMAT/O

A

SEED

278
Q

SEPT/O

A

WALL, PARTITION

279
Q

SIGM/O

A

THE LETTER S, SIGMOID COLON

280
Q

SINUS/O

A

CAVITY

281
Q

SOMAT/O

A

BODY

282
Q

SOMN/O

A

SLEEP

283
Q

SON/O

A

SOUND

284
Q

SPHYGM/O

A

PULSE

285
Q

SPIN/O

A

SPINE OR THORN

286
Q

SPIR/O

A

BREATHE

287
Q

SPLEN/O

A

SPLEEN

288
Q

SPONDYL/O

A

VERTEBRA

289
Q

STAPED/O

A

STAPES

290
Q

STAPHYL/O

A

GRAPELIKE CLUSTERS (BACTERIUM)

291
Q

STASIS/O

A

STANDING STILL

292
Q

STEN/O

A

NARROWNESS, CONSTRICTION

293
Q

STERN/O

A

CHEST, STERNUM

294
Q

STETH/O

A

CHEST

295
Q

STOMAT/O

A

MOUTH

296
Q

STREPT/O

A

TWISTED OR GNARLED (BACTERIUM)

297
Q

SUPER/O

A

ABOVE

298
Q

SYNOV/O
SYNOVI/O

A

BINDING EGGS; SYNOVIAL

299
Q

TAXI/O

A

REACTION TO A STIMULUS

300
Q

TEN/O
TEND/O
TENDIN/O

A

TO STRETCH OUT; TENDON

301
Q

TESTICUL/O

A

SMALL TESTIS, TESTICLE

302
Q

THALAM/O

A

THALAMUS

EGG SHAPE STRUCTURE IN MIDDLE OF THE BRAIN. RELAY STATION OF ALL INCOMING MOTOR AND SENSORY INFO - HEARING, TASTE, SIGHT AND TOUCH BUT NOT SMELL- FROM BODY TO BRAIN

303
Q

THERM/O

A

HEAT

304
Q

THORAC/O

A

THORAX (CHEST)

305
Q

THROMB/O

A

CLOT

306
Q

THYM/O

A

WARTLIKE, THYMUS GLAND

307
Q

THYR/O

A

SHIELD, THYROID

308
Q

TOM/O

A

CUT, SECTION

309
Q

TON/O

A

TONE, TENSION, PRESSURE

310
Q

TOXIC/O

A

POISON

311
Q

TRACHE/O

A

TRACHEA

312
Q

TRICH/O

A

HAIR

313
Q

TUBERCUL/O

A

LITTLE MASS OR SWELLING

314
Q

TYMPAN/O

A

EARDRUM

315
Q

UMBILIC/O

A

NAVEL

316
Q

UR/O
URIN/O

A

URINE

317
Q

URETER/O

A

URETER

DUCT WHICH URIN PASSES THROUGH FROM KIDNEY TO BLADDER OR CLOACA

318
Q

URETHR/O

A

URETHRA

ALLOWS URIN TO EXIT BODY

319
Q

UTER/O

A

WOMB, UTERUS

320
Q

UVUL/O

A

GRAPE, UVULA

321
Q

VAGIN/O

A

SHEATH, VAGINA

322
Q

VALVUL/O

A

LITTLE VALVE

323
Q

VARIC/O

A

DILATED VEIN

324
Q

VAS/O

A

BLOOD VESSEL; DUCT

325
Q

VASCUL/O

A

LITTLE BLOOD VESSEL

326
Q

VENTR/O

A

FRONT, BELLY

327
Q

VENTRICUL/O

A

LITTLE BELLY OR CAVITY, VENTRICLE

328
Q

VERTEBR/O

A

JOINT, VERTEBRA

329
Q

VESIC/O

A

BLADDER, SAC

330
Q

VESICUL/O

A

VESICLE (SEMINAL VESICLE)

331
Q

VITR/O
VITRE/O

A

GLASSY

332
Q

VULV/O

A

VULVA

333
Q

XANTH/O

A

YELLOW

334
Q

XER/O

A

DRY

APPENDIX A MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY, WORD PARTS, AND SINGULAR AND PLURAL ENDINGS (5 decks)

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