Combat Life Saving

Question 0

What is the cause for Hemorrhagic Shock?

Answer 0

external loss of whole blood, an internal hemorrhage or an

extreme loss of plasma due to severe burns.

Question 1

What are the signs and symptoms of shock?

Answer 1

 Sweaty but cool skin. 
 Pale skin. 
 Restlessness, nervousness. 
 Thirst. 
 Loss of blood (caused by internal or external bleeding). 
 Confusion or loss of awareness. 
 Faster than normal breathing rate. 
 Blotchy or bluish skin (especially around the mouth and lips). 
 Nausea and vomiting.

Question 2

How do you treat for shock?

Answer 2

 Move the casualty to cover if the situation requires and permits.
 Position the casualty on his or her back. Do not move the casualty or his or her limbs if suspected fractures have not been splinted.
 Elevate the casualty’s feet higher than the level of the heart. Use a stable object (a box, field pack, or rolled up clothing) so that the feet will not slip off. Remember to splint suspected fractures before
elevating the feet.
 Loosen clothing at the neck, waist or wherever it may be binding.
 Prevent chilling or overheating. Place a blanket or like item over and under the victim to prevent chilling
 Calm the casualty.
 During the treatment or prevention of shock, do not give the casualty any food or drink. If the casualty is unconscious, turn his or her head to the side so that, in case he or she vomits, the victim will not choke on the vomit.

Question 3

What are the two types of soft tissue injuries?

Answer 3

closed wounds (in which the skin is not broken) and open wounds (in which the skin is broken.)

Question 4

___________are characterized by swelling and pain, caused by the blood leaking into the wound. This “leaking blood” will cause the characteristic black and blue marks.

Answer 4

Contusions

Question 5

What are the four types of open wounds?

Answer 5

Puncture wounds, abrasions, incisions, lacerations (PAIL)

Question 6

___________is a loss of a portion of the epidermis and part of the dermas from its being rubbed or scraped across a hard surface. It is extremely painful, and blood may ooze from injured capillary vessels at the surface. It does not penetrate completely through the skin.

Answer 6

Abrasion

Question 7

__________is a cut produced by glass, metal, or any other object that may leave a jagged wound on the skin surface and cut through the subcutaneous tissue, the underlying muscles, associated nerves, and blood vessels

Answer 7

laceration

Question 8

____________is similar to a laceration, except that the wound will be somewhat “cleaner,” having no jagged edges

Answer 8

incision

Question 9

_____________may result from a stab with a knife, nail, ice pick, splinter, or any other pointed object. They may also result from gunshot injuries. External bleeding is usually not severe from a puncture wound because the wound is so small. However, these instruments may injure major vessels within body cavities and cause rapid, fatal bleeding within the chest or abdomen.

Answer 9

puncture wounds

Question 10

________ is an injury in which a whole piece of skin with varying portions of tissue or muscle is either torn loose completely or left hanging as a flap.

Answer 10

avulsion

Question 11

_________are contusions that are more severe, as the underlying skeletal support is also damaged

Answer 11

crushing wounds

Question 12

__________is characterized by the separation of either digits (fingers, toes, etc.) or limbs from the victim’s body.

Answer 12

amputation

Question 13

What are the three types of bleeding?

Answer 13

arterial, venous, and capillary

Question 14

___________ is characterized by the flow of bright red blood (due to the oxygen content) that pumps out in distinct spurts.

Answer 14

Arterial

Question 15

___________characterized by a steady flow of dark red or maroon-colored blood.

Answer 15

venous bleeding

Question 16

____________ characterized by the slow oozing of blood, usually from minor wounds.

Answer 16

capillary bleeding