Combank 2 Flashcards
eye exam in acute angle glacoma
mid-dilated, fixed, NONREACTIVE pupil
a hi or lo AFP is most commonly caused by
inaccurate dating; bc expected AFP levels are based on gestational age.
Only done from 16-18 wks!
quad screen components
AFP
estriol
hCG
inhibin A
Down’s quad screen
lo AFP lo estriol hi HCG--the only trisomy that this is high in hi inhibin (hi PAPP-A)
Edward’s triple screen
lo AFP
lo estriol
lo HCG
(all low)
NT in trisomy 21, 18, and 13
all increased nucal translucency
PAPP-A in trisomy 21, 18, and 13
all low
condition assoc w wt loss, htn, fever, anorexia, myalgias, weekness, testicular pain, abd pain, renal dz, neuritis….
polyarteritis nodosa
confirmatory test for polyarteritis nodosa
bx of medium vessels showing necrotizing arteritis
voyeurism
the peeping tom
other common autoimmunities assoc w vitiligo
hashimoto Addison's pernicious anemia DM I SLE
what acid-base disorder should you expect to see in an asthma exacerbation and what clues you into impending respiratory failure
resp. alk; if pCO2 is nrml (and not low, like it should be), prepare to intubate
what is the starry sky pattern in burkitts
sheets of lymphocytes with interspersed macrophages
an infant with hypotonia, decreased activity, macroglossia, MR, and umbilical hernia probably has what condition
congenital hypothyroidism
the best tx for allergic rhinitis
intranasal steroids
first test to be done in suspected SBO
supine and upright abd xray
what are these bence jones proteins everyone talks about
monoclonal protein casts found in the urine
fibrinogen levels in DIC
low
the condition assoc w postauricular/occipital lymphadenopathy and rash that begins on face
rubella (german measles)
innervation of supraspinatus m.
suprascapular n.
mm. innervated by dorsal scapular n.
rhomboids and levator scapula mm.
how Parkinson’s is diagnosed
clinically, by physical exam!
tidal vol change in pregnancy
TV increases, altho TLC decreases
aldosterone level in pregnancy
increases (activation of RAAS)
tics can be a SE of what class of drugs
stimulants; like for ADHD
causative agent of lymphogranuloma venereum and the tx
chlamydia
doxycycline
lymphogranuloma venereum vs granuloma inguinale
both start with painless ulcer. LV develops inguinal buboes later on. GI can have inguinal lymphadenopathy, but they don’t open up to skin
causative agent of granuloma inguinale
Klebseilla granulomatis
the most common cause of epididymitis under and over 35yrs
under 35: chlamydia/gonorrhea
over 35: E. coli
(tx is the same no matter the age: ceftriaxone and doxy)
empiric tx for meningitis in infant less than 30days old
acyclovir
ampicillin
cefotaxime or gent.
drug known to cause cervical incompetence
diethylstilbestrol (DES)
rheumatoid drugs that can lead to activation of latent TB
infliximab
etanercept
m. involved in tennis elbow
extensor carpi radialis brevis
DOC for pasteurella
amoxicillin-clavulanate
the gold standard for sickle cell diagnosis
hemoglobin electropheresis
what condition should you think of in: epistaxis, bleeding gums after brushing, increased bruising, petechiae, thrombocytopenia
ITP
granular casts suggests..
these are the muddy brown casts of ATN
syndesmophytes vs enthesophytes
enthes: bony growths in tendons
syndes: bony growths in ligments (like in ank. spondylitis)
most common cause of large bowel obstrxn and the tx of any
neoplasm
fluids and NPO!
GFR cutoff for metformin use
GFR<30
goal HbA1c for diabetics
<7.0%
top 3 causes of cancer-related DEATHS in men and women
Lung
Prostate/Breast
Colon
a hypervascular mass of liver containing arteriovenous connections and what is the tx
focal nodular hyperplasia; observation
drug class assoc with QRS widening
anticholingerics
aspirin-related resp. dz presents with what kinds of sxs
similar to asthma, rhinosinusitis, congestion.. may even have nasal polyps that are mediated by leukotrienes–not IgE
prophylaxis for those with esophageal varices
nonselective beta blockers (propranolol, nadolol, etc)
Hemophilia C is deficient in what
factor XI; Ashkenazi jews
warfarin can cause skin necrosis in what timeframe
within 1st wk of starting therapy
what drug is given to chemo pts to prevent renal damage from break-down products
allopurinol and IV hydration to prevent uric acid stones
routine DEXA screening for osteoporosis in females starts at what age
65
should close contacts of scabies pts be txed with permethrin, too?
yes
a couple drugs to alkalinize urine for uric acid stones
citrate
sodium bicarb
the risk factor NOT assoc with pancreatic cancer
alcohol
conditions with psammoma bodies
Papillary thyroid Serous papillary cystadenocarcinoma of ovary A Meningioma Mesothelioma
the transfusion product most likely to cause infxn bc it is stored at room temp
platelets
first-line tx for priapism
intracavernosal phenylephrine
complement levels in IgA vs post-strep glomerulonephritis
IgA: nml complement
post-strep: low complement
(*both occur after hx of URI)
age at which pap smear screenings can be stopped
65
drug class of budesonide
steroid; used in Crohn’s flare
is prednisone safe in pregnancy?
yes, in low doses
diabetes drug that has risk of pancreatitis
incretin mimetics (exenatide, liraglutide)
DOC for neutropenic fever
monotherapy with ceftazidime
tx for hot flashes in women who can’t take estrogen
SSRI
