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Com Prog > Com Prog Reviewer > Flashcards

Com Prog Reviewer Flashcards

1
Q

an electronic device that manipulates information, or data

A

COMPUTER

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2
Q

mechanical device that performs mathematical calculations
invented in Babylonia in 500 B.C.

A

Abacus

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3
Q

Invented by Blaise Pascal in 1642
Limited to addition and subtraction
too expensive

A

Pascaline

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4
Q

Invented by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in 1672
can add, subtract, multiply and
divide automatically

A

Stepped Reckoner

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5
Q

a mechanical loom, invented by Joseph-Marie Jacquard in 1801
It an automatic loom controlled by punched cards

A

Jacquard Loom

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6
Q

an automatic, mechanical calculator designed to tabulate polynomial functions
Invented by Charles Babbage in 1822 and 1834
the first mechanical computer

A

Difference Engine

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7
Q

In 1840, Augusta Ada Byron (first progammer???) (Ada Augusta the Countess of Love Lace/Ada Lovelace) suggests to Babbage that he use the binary system. She writes programs for the Analytical Engine.

A

Analytical Engine

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8
Q

Invented by Herman Hollerith in 1890
to assist in summarizing information and accounting

A

Tabulating Machine

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9
Q

Also known as IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator (ASCC)
Invented by Howard H. Aiken in 1943
The first electro-mechanical computer

A

Harvard Mark 1

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10
Q

meaning of ASCC

A

Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator

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11
Q

The first programmable computer
Created by Konrad Zuse in Germany from 1936 to 1937
required that the user insert punch tape

A

Z1

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12
Q

Alan Turing developed the first electronic computer in 1943
Computer system was a fixed-program computer and it was not programmable

A

Colossus

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13
Q

the first electronic general purpose computer
Completed in 1946 by John Presper Eckert and John W. Mauchly.

A

Eniac

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14
Q

the first commercial computer
designed by J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly

A

Univac 1

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15
Q

UNIVAC 1 stands for

A

UNIVersal Automatic Computer 1

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16
Q

Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer
The First Stored Program Computer
Designed by Von Neumann in 1952

A

Edvac

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17
Q

the first installed electronic computer for business (1954)

A

IBM 650

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18
Q

FORTRAN

A

(FORmula TRANslator)

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19
Q

COBOL

A

(COmmon Business Oriented Language)

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20
Q

LISP

A

(LISt Processor)

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21
Q

ALGOL

A

(ALGOrithmic Language)

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22
Q

BASIC

A

Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code

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23
Q

Designed and built by Steve Wozniak in 1976-1977
Made home computing practicable

A

Apple I and Apple II

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24
Q

In 1981, IBM introduced its first ____ Computer.The first Portable Computer

A

MS-DOS Computer

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25
Q

introduced in 1984
the first mass-produced, commercially-available computer with a Graphical User Interface

A

Macintosh 128

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26
Q

introduced in 1989, It was sort of Mac-like but greatly inferior. Macintosh owners were known to refer to it sarcastically as AGAM-84 “Almost as Good As Macintosh 84.

A

Windows 1.0

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27
Q

What generation of computers is Vacuum tube based: used vacuum tubes as the basic components for memory and circuitry for CPU

A

First Generation (1946-1959)

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28
Q

What generation of computers is Transistor based: it was invented at Bell Labs in 1948

A

Second Generation (1959-1965)

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29
Q

What generation of computers is Integrated Circuit based: an IC has many transistors, resistors, and capacitors along with the associated circuitry

A

Third Generation (1965-1971)

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30
Q

What generation of computers is Microprocessor based: VLSI (Very Large-Scale Integration) circuits having about 5000 transistors and other circuit elements

A

Fourth Generation (1971-1980)

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31
Q

What generation of computers is Microprocessor based It is based on parallel processing hardware and AI (Artificial Intelligence) software.

A

Fifth Generation (1980-onwards)

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32
Q

IC stands for

A

Integrated Circuit

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33
Q

VLSI

A

Very Large-Scale Integration

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34
Q

ULSI

A

Ultra Large-Scale Integration

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35
Q

any hardware device that sends data to a computer, allowing you to interact with and control it

A

Input Devices

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36
Q

the physical parts or components of a computer

A

Hardware

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37
Q

any piece of computer hardware equipment which converts information into human-readable form.

A

Output Devices

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38
Q

the components responsible for the processing of information within the computer system.

A

Processing Devices

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39
Q

devices that stores all data temporary and permanent nature and BYTE is the unit of memory

A

Memory/Storage Devices

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40
Q

a set of instructions, programs that are used to execute any particular task

A

Software

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41
Q

a computer software that is designed for running the computer hardware parts and the application programs

A

System Software

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42
Q

designed for the users to perform some specific tasks like writing a letter, listening to music or seeing any video

A

Application Software

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43
Q

used by the programmers to write their programs, scripts, and instructions which can be executed by a computer

A

Programming Languages

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44
Q

a widely used approach in systems analysis and software engineering for describing the structure of an information processing program or another process

A

Input–Process–Output (IPO) Model

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45
Q

fastest and powerful, and expensive type of computer for processing data
made to perform multi-specific tasks
composed of many CPUs

A

Super Computer

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46
Q

commonly the Personal Computer widely used today
typically used for personal use

A

Micro Computer

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47
Q

based on purpose: designed to perform a particular or specialized task

A

Special Purpose Computer

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48
Q

based on purpose: do various everyday tasks such as writing a word processing letter, document preparation, recording, financial analysis, printing documents

A

General Purpose Computer

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49
Q

combined complex computer unit built using both analog and digital properties and united by a single control system

A

Hybrid Computer

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50
Q

the “clock speed” of the processor
the faster (higher the number), the faster the computer can do what you ask it to do

A

Processor GHz Speed

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51
Q

GPU

A

Graphics Processing Unit

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52
Q

important in doing photo or image editing, graphic design, or gaming.

A

GPU

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53
Q

helps take care of your data, can replace a hard drive, and uses less of the CPU.

A

Solid State Drive – SSD

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54
Q

RAM

A

Random Access Memory

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55
Q

memory enables to easily open lots of browser tabs and allows easily having lots of programs or applications open at once.
is measured in gigabytes (GB).

A

RAM

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56
Q

uses ten digits: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8

A

Decimal Number System - (Base 10)

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57
Q

defined as the representation of numbers by using digits or other symbols in a consistent manner..

A

Number system

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58
Q

A group of eight bits and is usually abbreviated as an uppercase B.
use for file sizes and storage capacities.

A

BYTE

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59
Q

used to represent digital data are referred to as binary digits— from this term we get the word bit that stands for binary digit.

A

0s and 1s

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60
Q

an abbreviation for binary digit, can be further abbreviated as a lowercase b.

A

BIT

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61
Q

has only two values: 0 and 1

A

Binary Number System - (Base 2)

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62
Q

has 8 independent values/symbols: 0,1,2,3,4,5,6 and 7.

A

Octal Number System - (Base 8)

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63
Q

Its base or radix is 16

A

Hexadecimal Number System - (Base 16)

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64
Q

A application software for writing texts, and different types of documents can be easily developed in a practical way
a word processor that allows you to create and edit text

A

MICROSOFT WORD

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65
Q

access common commands no matter which tab is selected.

A

Quick Access Toolbar

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66
Q

are the horizontal menu appear at the top of the Ribbon and contain groups of related commands

A

Tabs or Menu

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67
Q

the organized related commands displaying below each tab or menu.

A

Groups

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68
Q

displays a full-screen view of the document

A

Read Mode

69
Q

displays a document view that appears on a Web browser

A

Web Layout

70
Q

display your document in outline form

A

Outline View

71
Q

displays only the text of your document as it appears on the printed page
no headers and footers are shown in this view

A

Draft View

72
Q

displays pages exactly as they will show in print

A

Print Layout View

73
Q

the area where we can type

A

Document or Work Area

74
Q

shows the total number of pages, word count, language, translator, error notifications, and sections among other information

A

Status Bar

75
Q

a small arrow in the lower-right corner of many groups on the Ribbon

A

Dialog Box Launcher

76
Q

contains multiple tabs, each with several groups of commands

A

Ribbon

77
Q

you can enter or edit data, a formula, or a function that will appear in a specific cell

A

Formula Bar

78
Q

displays the location, or “name” of a selected cell.

A

Name Box

79
Q

the basic building blocks of a worksheet

A

Cell

80
Q

a grid of columns and rows where columns are designated by letters and rows designated by numbers

A

The Worksheet

81
Q

to quickly copy and paste content to adjacent cells in the same row or column

A

FILL HANDLE

82
Q

can easily search your workbook using the Find feature,

A

FIND AND REPLACE

83
Q

lets you search for specific information in your spreadsheet

A

VLOOKUP

84
Q

the biggest network of computer networks on earth or meta network

A

INTERNET

85
Q

uses a telephone line to transmit and receive data.
the slowest and the most inexpensive among the different types of available Internet connections

A

Dial-up Connection

86
Q

Limitations:
Slow access
Limited bandwidth
Cannot use phone and web at same time

A

Dial-up Connection

87
Q

Converts electrical signals that carries data as fast as about 70% speed of light
not electrical in nature
Limitation: pricey

A

Fiber Optics

88
Q

connections made over digital cell phones or mobile phones
Cellular data is the default and provides access to the Internet when not within a Wi-Fi hotspot.

A

Cellular Data

89
Q

usually used in homes only during emergencies

A

Cellular Data

90
Q

a high-speed, reliable internet service for rural and underserved areas

A

Wireless Broadband Internet

91
Q

the basic unit of information available on the Web

A

Web page

92
Q

a set of intimately connected web pages interlinked by logical pointers called hyperlinks

A

Website

93
Q

an application program that runs on the host computer and manages the web pages stored on the website’s repository. Its purpose is to provide information and services to Web users.

A

Web server

94
Q

or a browser, is an application program that makes the content on the Internet viewable. Displays and plays all elements such as images, sounds, motion, and other features of a website at their designated positions

A

Web browser

95
Q

a network node that works as an entrance to some other network

A

Gateway

96
Q

provides a uniform way of identifying resources available at the host computer

A

URL or Uniform Resource Locator

97
Q

URL

A

Uniform Resource Locator

98
Q

a mutually agreed set of rules or methods for transmitting data between two devices.

A

Protocol

99
Q

this is the location of a file or a program

A

Path

100
Q

a unique numeric identifier, known as an IP address or by a unique name that can be resolved into the IP address

A

Host

101
Q

ISP

A

Internet Service Provider

102
Q

are application programs that allow searching the Web by typing in a topic of interest.

A

Search engines

103
Q

a document that holds information which is utilized to link the user to other documents

A

Hypertext

104
Q

is used to develop documents for the Web.

A

HTML

105
Q

HTML

A

Hypertext Markup Language

106
Q

a compilation of academic work and other forms of educational evidence assembled
using google site

A

STUDENT PORTFOLIO

107
Q

the act of designing the steps that solve a particular problem for a computer

A

ALGORITHM DEVELOPMENT

108
Q

someone who wants to find a solution to a problem

A

CLIENT

109
Q

someone who finds a way to solve the problem

A

DEVELOPER

110
Q

STEPS IN ALGORITHM DESIGN

A
  1. Obtain a description of the problem
  2. Analyze the problem
  3. Develop a high-level algorithm
  4. Refine the algorithm by adding more detail
  5. Review the algorithm
111
Q

the act of defining a problem; determining the cause of the problem; identifying, prioritizing, and selecting alternatives for a solution; and implementing a solution.

A

PROBLEM SOLVING

112
Q

used to represent the start and end of a process

A

Oval or Terminator

112
Q

STEPS IN ALGORITHM DEVELOPMENT PROCESS

A
  1. Define the problem
  2. Generate alternative solutions
  3. Evaluate and select an alternative
  4. Implement and follow up on the solution
113
Q

A Step in the Flowcharting Process

A

Rectangle

114
Q

Indicate Directional Flow
to guide the viewer along their flowcharting path

A

Arrow

115
Q

Indicate a Decision

A

Diamond

116
Q

show that there are additional points of reference involved in your flowchart
to indicate items like “create an invoice” or “review testing paperwork.”

A

Document Symbols

117
Q

show where and how data is coming in and out throughout your process

A

Input & Output Symbols

118
Q

clarify where the data your flowchart references is being stored

A

Data Symbols

119
Q

Agreed-upon merging and connector symbols make it easier to connect flowcharts that span multiple pages.

A

Merging & Connecting Symbols

120
Q

SSD

A

Solid Sate Drive

121
Q

When was Python released?

A

1991

122
Q

What is the role of PVM?

A

It reads your program and carries out the instructions it contains, It is responsible for executing each command sequentially, It converts the byte code instructions into machine code so the computer can execute those machine code instructions and display the output.

123
Q

It is a series of instructions, often referred to as a “process,” which is to be followed when solving a particular problem.

A

Algorithm

124
Q

The purpose of this step is to determine both the starting and ending points for solving the problem

A

Analyze the problem

125
Q

It is the final step to review the algorithm.

A

Review the algorithm

126
Q

It is the act of defining a problem; determining the cause of the problem; identifying, prioritizing, and selecting alternatives for a solution; and implementing a solution.

A

Problem solving

127
Q

Which of the following is the first step in developing an algorithm?

A

Define the problem

128
Q

Which of the following is the main purpose of a flowchart?

A

To document a process visually

129
Q

What is an algorithm in computing?

A

A plan for solving a problem, often in the form of a series of instructions

130
Q

What is Step 1 in the algorithm development process?

A

Define the problem

131
Q

What is the final step in the algorithm development process?

A

Implement and follow up on the solution

132
Q

Identify the step in the algorithm development process where a high-level plan for solving the problem is created, leaving out detailed instructions.

A

Develop a high-level algorithm

133
Q

It’s an activity wherein you connect your computer to the Internet.

A

Browse

134
Q

When you access information, you have access to many different websites through the Internet. What main term is being described here?

A

World Wide Web

135
Q

Which is responsible to interpret the codes and display the following information as illustrated below.

A

HTML

136
Q

When you access some information through the Internet, this application will use to view and display the information right away to your computer.

A

Browsers

137
Q

A sample URL that is encrypted with a hypertext transfer protocol with a domain name “.gov” and has a path to resource index.html.

A

https://www.company.gov/index.html

138
Q

A client wants to install a bit cheaper and less intrusive Internet connectivity. As a student with a basic knowledge of the Internet, what would be the best option you can recommend to the client’s needs?

A

Wireless Broadband Internet

139
Q

In which decade did the first-ever domain registration occur?

A

1980s

140
Q

Which of the following is NOT a limitation of dial-up internet access?

A

High cost

141
Q

What is one of the cons of fixed wireless broadband internet?

A

Limited availability

142
Q

What is the primary characteristic of fiber optic connections?

A

Data transmission using light signals

143
Q

What is the purpose of a web server?

A

To store web pages

144
Q

What was the significant event in 1995 that marked a watershed year for the internet?

A

Launch of Windows 95

145
Q

Which internet connection type is known for its reliability and fast speeds comparable to high-speed cable?

A

Wireless Broadband Internet

146
Q

can be used to narrow down the data in your worksheet, allowing you to view only the information you need

A

Filters OR FILTERING DATA

147
Q

you could organize a list of contact information by last name. Content can be sorted alphabetically, numerically, and in many other ways.

A

SORTING DATA

148
Q

to view content from different parts of your workbook at the same time,

A

FREEZING PANES

149
Q

a predefined formula that performs calculations using specific values in a particular order

A

FUNCTIONS

150
Q

CTRL X

A

CUT

151
Q

CTRL C

A

COPY

152
Q

CTRL V

A

PASTE

153
Q

CTRL O

A

OPEN DOCUMENT

154
Q

CTRL W

A

CLOSE DOCUMENT

155
Q

CTRL P

A

PRINT/PREVIEW

156
Q

CTRL B

A

BOLD

157
Q

CTRL =

A

SUBSCRIPT

158
Q

CTRL U

A

UNDERLINE

159
Q

CTRL K

A

SMALL CAPS

160
Q

CTRL L

A

LEFT ALIGN

161
Q

CTRL E

A

CENTER ALIGN

162
Q

F12

A

SAVE AS

163
Q

CTRL I

A

ITALICIZE

164
Q

SHIFT CTRL =

A

SUPERSCRIPT

165
Q

CTRL J

A

JUSTIFY ALIGN

166
Q

CTRL R

A

RIGHT ALIGN

167
Q

CTRL A

A

SELECT ALL

Com Prog (1 decks)

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