COM 110 Flashcards
positive result of group collaboration; Because all members of the group pool their knowledge, experience, expertise, and resources, the result of group work is better than anything you could have done by yourself.
Synergy
occurs when members of the group don’t want to challenge other thoughts so that they can maintain friends; go along with what others are saying
Groupthink
Each member of the group being responsible and working hard on their own individual task but still collaborating with the group and attending meetings
Interdependence
expectations of each member; implicit- not directly stated but directly observed; explicit- expectation directly communicated
Norm
positions within the group that each member may take. These can be either formal or informal.
Role
These help the group to accomplish its goal or purpose. Ex: treasurer, moderator, recorder
Task Role
These provide for the social needs of the group and serve to foster teamwork and collaboration. Many groups are successful at accomplishing tasks, but someone who fulfills a relationship role sees to it that everyone respects each other in
Relationship Role
These provide for the social needs of the group and serve to foster teamwork and collaboration. Many groups are successful at accomplishing tasks, but someone who fulfills a relationship role sees to it that everyone respects each other in
Disruptive Role
where the participant takes a “hands-off” approach and has a low concern for both people and results.
Avoidance (conflict style)
is highly person-oriented, but the participant gives in to the other person in the conflict.
Accommodation (conflict style)
strategy represents a willingness to negotiate a solution that is acceptable for one party now, but will benefit the other party later.
compromise (conflict style)
strategy has a low concern for people, but a high concern for results.
competing (conflict style)
the strategy that holds the highest concern for both people and results
collaboration (conflict style)
made up of the values and beliefs learned by a group of people who share the same social heritage and traditions. Thus, culture is a way of life that is learned over time.
culture
When we are unable to appreciate diversity, placing value judgments on people because they are different from us. In doing so, we evaluate other cultures based on what we know about our own (values and beliefs).
ethnocentrism
On the other hand, if we engage in some perspective talking, we can judge another person’s culture by its own values and beliefs.
culture relativism
Hurier
6 parts of listening
paying attention to auditory and visual message
Hearing
requires reflection and comprehension
Understanding
build connection and trust with that person. Essential if you intend to apply what you have heard in future situations.
Remembering
involves the ability to see a situation from another person’s perspective
Interpreting
see how the message compares with your values, attitudes, and experiences
Evaluating
What to do with info presented
Responding
external source of interference- comes from environment
Physical distraction
internal interference- your mind thinks of other things rather than listening
Mental distraction
internal interference- concentrate too hard on the message that we miss the main point
Factual distraction
internal interference- occurs when we have an emotional response to particular words or concepts
Semantic distraction
distinguish between verbal and nonverbal messages (most basic type of listening)
Discriminative listening
Occurs when we attempt to understand a message for a reason
comprehensive listening
involves personal enjoyment
appreciative listening
when we want to support or help another person and put ourselves in their shoes
Empathetic listening
Most complicated; making judgements on the message we receive
Critical listening
- Remove physical barriers
- Focus on speaker’s main idea
- Listen for the intent and context of a message
- Give person a full hearing
- Meanings are in people not words – try to find something to agree with
- Concentrate on the other person as a communicator and as a human
6 behaviors that improve listening
concerned with what is true and what’s not, what exists, and what happened; BOP- prove that facts support position; should use topical, spatial, or chronological organization
Fact
What you consider to be wrong or right, moral or immoral, just/unjust, good or bad; bop- prove that claim holds value and clearly define what you’re saying; usually organized topically
Value
what should be done, what law should be changed, or what policy should be followed; bop- clearly define key terms, prove a problem exists, inherent behavior exists, what will solve the problem; problem-solution, problem-cause solution, comparative advantage, Monroe’s motivated sequence
Policy
point that speaker advocates
claim
substantiate a speaker’s claim
evidence
quality of info you’re using
evidence credibility statement
provides justification and reasoning to connect evidence with your claim
warrant
admit exceptions and demonstrate that argumentation isn’t an exact science
qualifier
states counterargument and attacks the things they disagree with
counterargument/rebuttal
attack against the person; occurs when a speaker attacks character of the person making the argument instead of attacking the argument
Ad hominem
suggests that something is correct, good, or true because many other people are agreeing with it or are doing it
Bandwaggon
occurs when a speaker asserts that some event must inevitably follow from another down a steep slope towards disaster
slippery slope
asserts that a complicated question only has two answers when more actually exist
false dilemma
rests on the assumption that because an authority figure says something is true then it must be
appeal to authority
has its roots in English fox hunting traditions; introduce irrelevant info into an argument in an attempt to mask the real issue under discussion
red herring
as evaluated by oneself and others, is effective in achieving one’s communication goals.
Competent communication behaviors
set of abilities requiring individuals to “recognize when information is needed and have the ability to locate, evaluate, and use effectively the needed information.”
Information literacy
the ability to interpret, negotiate, and make meaning from information presented in the form of an image, extending the meaning of literacy, which commonly signifies interpretation of a written or printed text
visual literacy
a person is participating in the political process by making his or her opinions and beliefs known. In the social sciences, the term ‘political participation’ is often used to describe an action taken by a citizen to influence the outcome of a political issue.
political participation
