COM-105 Final

Question 1

Situation

Answer 1

The time and place in which the speech communication occurs.

Question 2

Feedback

Answer 2

Messages sent back to the speaker from the audience. Facial Expression, body language

Question 3

Connotative Meaning

Answer 3

What a word suggest or implies. Figurative, subjective, variable. SCHOOL= Childhood friends, boring homework

Question 4

Abstract Words

Answer 4

Refer to general concepts

Question 5

Frame of Reference

Answer 5

Everything a speaker says is filtered through the listeners “frame of reference.” (knowledge, experience, values, attitudes)

Question 6

Speaker

Answer 6

The person delivering the speech.

Question 7

Internal Summary

Answer 7

Remind the listener of what they have just heard.

Question 8

Delivery Cues

Answer 8

Directions for giving the speech in the speaking outline.

Question 9

Vocal Variety

Answer 9

Changes in rate, pitch, and volume, that will give your voice interest and expressiveness.

Question 10

Red Herring

Answer 10

Introduces irrelevant issue to divert attention from the subject under discussion

Question 11

Post Hoc

Answer 11

False Cause Fallacy. The fact that one event occurred before another does not mean the second was caused by the first.

Question 12

False Analogy

Answer 12

Two cases being compared are not essentially alike.

Question 13

Slippery Slope

Answer 13

Logical fallacy of assuming that just because one step is taken, it will inevitably lead to the second step, and so on down the slope unto disaster.

Question 14

5 Steps of Monroe’s Motivated Sequence

Answer 14

Attention, Need, Satisfaction, Visualization, Action

Question 15

4 Functions of an Introduction

Answer 15

Hook, introduce the topic of the speech, establish credibility, preview the speech.

Question 16

Argument by Analogy

Answer 16

Compare two similar cases, inferring that what is true of one case is true for the other.

Question 17

Argument by Induction

Answer 17

Conclusions follow from premises with probability OR Reasoning from particular facts to general conclusion

Question 18

Speaking Outline

Answer 18

Outline to help you remember what you want to say.

Question 19

Target Audience

Answer 19

The particular part of the whole audience you wish to reach with your speech.

Question 20

Audience Analysis Factors i.e. Age, Knowledge about the topic, Gender, Size of the Audience, and Disposition

Answer 20

Age, Religion, Racial/Ethnic?cultural Background, Gender/Sexual Orientation, Group Membership

Question 21

Policy Claim or Question of Policy

Answer 21

Deal with specific courses of action. What SHOULD or SHOULD NOT be done.

Question 22

Message

Answer 22

Whatever the speaker communicates to someone else.

Question 23

Appeal To Tradition

Answer 23

Logical fallacy that claims something is superior simply because it is older.

Question 24

False Dilemma

Answer 24

Or Either-Or fallacy. Forces choice between two alternatives when more than two exists.

Question 25

2 Main Function of the Conclusion.

Answer 25

1) Signal the end of the speech. 2) Reinforce the central idea.

Question 26

Ethos

Answer 26

Source or speaker credibility.

Question 27

Pathos

Answer 27

Emotional appeals

Question 28

Manuscript Delivery

Answer 28

Delivering A speech from a manuscript by reading it.

Question 29

Extemporaneous Delivery

Answer 29

Delivering a carefully planned and rehearsed speech, yet not reciting or reading, rather, an off the cuff but planned delivery.

Question 30

Hasty Generalization

Answer 30

Logical fallacy that occurs when one jumps to a conclusion based on the basis of too few cases or atypical cases. Common fallacy when reasoning from specific instances.

Question 31

Argument by Cause - OR Causal Reasoning

Answer 31

Establishing a relationship between cause and effect. (Because the ice was there, I fell and broke my arm).

Question 32

Hypothetical Example

Answer 32

An example that describes an imaginary situation.

Question 33

Fact and Value Claims OR Questions of Fact and Questions of Value

Answer 33

Fact claims have to do with answers that are either right or wrong. Numbers, stats, right or wrong
––Value Claims have to do with moral, ethical, subjective, opinions. Intuitions, good or evil.––– Questions of Fact relate to what did or happen or how something happened–– Questions of Value relate to what should have happened or why something ought or ought not happen

Question 34

Ad Homenim OR Against The Man

Answer 34

The fallacy of attacking the person rather than dealing with the issue.

Question 35

Ethnocentrism

Answer 35

The belief that your own culture is superior to other cultures.

Question 36

Bandwagon

Answer 36

Logical fallacy of appealing to the fact that a lot of people agree about something therefore it is correct

Question 37

Fallacy (Overall Definition)

Answer 37

An error in reasoning.

Question 38

Action Stage of Monroe’s

Answer 38

Once the audience is convinced that you policy is beneficial, say exactly what you want the audience to do and how to do it. Conclude with final stirring appeal that reinforces their commitment to act.

Question 39

Guidelines of Ethical Public Speakers

Answer 39

- Goals are ethically sound
 - Be fully prepared for each speech
 - Be honest in what you say
 - Avoid abusive language such as name calling
 - Put ethical principles into practice (not lip service. Being ethical means
 behaving ethically all the time, not just when convenient.

Question 40

Guidelines of Ethical Listeners

Answer 40

- Be courteous and attentive - Avoid prejudging the speaker
 - Maintain the free and open expression of ideas

Question 41

Patchwork Plagiarism

Answer 41

When a speaker pilfers from two or three sources.

Question 42

Empathic Listening

Answer 42

Listening to provide emotional support for the speaker. As a psychiatrist and patient

Question 43

Critical Listening

Answer 43

Listening to evaluate a message for purposes of acceptance or rejecting it. As when we listen to the sales pitch of a car salesman.

Question 44

Topical Organization OR Topical Order

Answer 44

When you divide speech topics into subtopics, each one becomes a main point of the speech.

Question 45

Chronological Organization OR Chronological Order

Answer 45

A speech organization that follows a time pattern. Events are narrated in the order that they happened.

Question 46

Authorship, Sponsorship, Recency

Answer 46

- Authorship - Who is the author of source? Qualifications? Trustworthy?
- Sponsorship - Rather than authors, source published by organization.
- Recency - Speaks to the date of the study or information.

Question 47

Cognitive Modification

Answer 47

** Nervousness is normal-Think positively-Use the power of visualization-Know that most nervousness isn't visible - Don’t expect perfection- Positive Nervousness

Question 48

Speech to Actuate

Answer 48

Persuasive speech designed to change audience mind on in issue OR call them to action.

Question 49

Communication Competence

Answer 49

**The ability to choose a communication strategy that is appropriate and effective in a given situation or context. (And Listening: Empathetic, critical)

Question 50

Spatial Organization OF Spatial Order

Answer 50

Follows directional pattern: Top to Bottom, East to West.

Question 51

Appreciative Listening

Answer 51

Listening for enjoyment: Music, Comedy

Question 52

Expert Testimony

Answer 52

Testimonies from people who are acknowledged experts in the field.

Question 53

Specific Purpose Statement

Answer 53

Focus on one aspect of topic / Single infinitive phrase: “to inform my audience about…”

Question 54

Central Idea Statement

Answer 54

Concise statement of what you expect to say: “preview of speech of sorts”

Question 55

3 Steps of a Basic Argument

Answer 55

**Claim-Evidence-Analysis 
Premise-Inference-Conclusion 
 Statement-Premise-Conclusion