columbian exchange Flashcards
what is the Columbian Exchange
it is the transfer of food, plants, animals, diseases and technology between the new world and the old.
why did the columbian exchange happen?
columbus was going to sail for a new route to asia but instead hit the americas, and the “exchange” wasn’t planned, they brought food over to grow, horses to improve the work and diseases by accident.
what did it impact?
the columbian exchange brought devastation to the africans as they were used for slaves who lived in very bad conditions, brought europeans wealth, and native american population diminished.
potatoes before/after/impact
-staple crop
BEFORE 1492- from andes mountain, grown on mountains for six months a year, inca always had a surplus.
AFTER 1492- Spaniards came to south america and brought back potatoes with them, then spread to Ireland and England and russia, they grew bc it was easy and fast to grow, created surplus, and spread population
impacted- europeans
sugar before/after/impact
-cash crop
BEFORE 1492- found in new guinea spread to india and then to Mediterranean very rare to grow.
AFTER 1492- sent to plantations in americas and are grown by africans, sent back to Europe natives incorporated into their foods
impacted- europeas - wealth
africans - slaves
coffee before/after/impact
-cash crop
BEFORE 1492-from africa and it spread all ober eurasia, comes from plants
AFTER 1492- in Europe people thought it was from satan, created a social impact, brought people together in cafes, brought to north america in 17th century, it was more preferred there.
impact- eurapeans- drinks, created a social impact
africans- slaves
domesticated horses before/after/impact
-animal
BEFORE 1492- europe, domesticated anima, in america had 2 domesticated animals
AFTER 1492- brought to the americas, changed the way the native americans hunted, traveled and lived majorly
impact- native americans
tobacco before/after/impact
-cash crop
BEFORE 1492- grown in the americas and in the Caribbean, the natives gave the plants to columbus
AFTER 1492- brought slaves back to the americas from Africa/ Europe to grow in americas since it wouldn’t in europe
impact- europeans- money
africans- slaves
cotton before/after/impact
- cash crop
BEFORE 1492- found in parts of afro-eurasia and the americas, plants
AFTER 1492- Europeans brought slaves to grow in the americas, grew along the coast, exported to europe and england
impact - europeans - wealthy
africans - slaves
small pox before/after/impact
-disease
BEFORE 1492- from animals in Africa and Europe so they all became immune
AFTER 1492- brought disease over not realizing, killed 90% of pop
impact- Europeans - able to conquer land much easier
native americans- decimated population
cacao before/after/impact
- cash crop
BEFORE 1492- central america, a prized possession of the inca,aztec, and olmecs, used to display wealth and honor, death, currency ect., kept it a secret
AFTER 1492- at first Europe didn’t see the point when columbus brought it back, but when cortez brought it Europe loved it and it spread all over, grew in americas w african slaves
impacts-
Europeans- wealth
africans- slaves
honey bees/honey before/after/impact
-cash crop
BEFORE 1492- from Europe and Asia,
AFTER 1492- came to the americas from england,
impacts- native americans
how did the Europeans benefit from the columbian exchange
they benefitted by gaining land, controlling production of cash crops and by maximizing their profits by not paying their slaves.
how did the africans and native americans suffer from the columbian exchange
the africans suffered the most from the c. exch.. The native americans population decreased due to disease and slavery; And, the africans suffered from slavery.
What was the global impact of the c. exch.?
the global impact was it provided a global surplus of food, and the europeans to grow wealthy from trade. However, it created african slavery in the america and caused the natives to die from diseases.
