COLREGS Flashcards

1
Q

Summarise Rule 1

A

Rules cannot be overridden and port specific rules have to comply with colregs

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2
Q

Summarise Rule 2

A

Responsibility / avoid immediate danger

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3
Q

Summarise Rule 3

A

Definitions

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4
Q

Summarise Rule 4

A

Application

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5
Q

Summarise Rule 5

A

Lookout

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6
Q

Summarise Rule 6

A

Safe speed

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7
Q

What Does IRPCS Stand For

A

International Regulation for the Prevention of Collisions at Sea

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8
Q

What are COLREGS

A

Collision regulations

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9
Q

What Are The COLREGS Split Into

A

The regulations are split into 6 parts and 4 annexes

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10
Q

What Does STCW Stand For

A

Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers

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11
Q

The STCW is Split Into Two Parts, What Does Each Part Mean

A

Part A- Mandatory
Part B- Highly Advised

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12
Q

List The Main Point For Fitness For Duty

A
  • At least 10 hours of rest in 24hours
  • 77 hours rest in 7 days
  • Fatigue is a big problem
  • Never consume drug, alcohol or prescription drugs that impair judgment
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13
Q

List the Duties of the Lookout

A

-Report any light
-Report any vessel
-Report any floating objects
-Report any sound signal
-If necessary, use binoculars

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14
Q

The Helmsman cannot be the lookout, except:

A

Allowable in small ships where the steering position provides an unobstructed all round view, there is no impairment of night vision or any other impediment to the keeping of a proper lookout

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15
Q

The OOW may be the sole lookout in daylight conditions only, and provided the following conditions are met:

A

-The situation has been properly assessed and it has been established tis it is safe to do so
-A full account has been taken of all factors such as weather, visibility, traffic, etc
-Assistance is immediately available to the OOW should the situation change

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16
Q

State the Responsibilities of the Officer of The Watch and of the Relieving Officer

A

-Ensure that the members of the relieving watch are fully capable of performing their duties
-Ensure that the vision of the relieving watch is fully adjusted to the light conditions
-Ensure that all standing orders and the master’s night orders are fully understood

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17
Q

When Should The OOW Not Hand Over The Watch

A

-If there is reason to believe that the relieving officer is not capable of carrying out the watchkeeping duties effectively, in which case the master should be notified
-When a manoeuvre is in progress until such an action has been completed

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18
Q

General Emergency Alarm

A
  • Seven or more short blasts followed by one long blast
    -Used in various different emergency situations such as collision, grounding, flooding, etc.
    -To muster all crew to their survival craft assembly station
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19
Q

Actions to be Taken by the Crew Once the Ship’s General Alarm is Sounded

A
  • Proceed to the designated muster station
  • Listen to the PA system for the type of emergency
    -Once nature of alarm is known, crew must take corrective action to tackle the situation as per the muster plan
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20
Q

Fire Alarm

A

-Continuous sounding of shups alarm
-used in the even of a fire onboard, to muster fire teams
-When there is a fire detected by a crew member, they should raise the alarm signal onboard ship by pressing the nearest fire switch or by loudly and continuously shouting “FIRE”
-The ship’s fire alarm signal is sounded as the continuous ringing of the ship’s electrical bell or the continuous sounding of the ships horn

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21
Q

Man Overboard

A

-Three long blasts on the ships whistle, loud enough to inform other ships in the area
-Signal comprising light, and smoke can also be mounted in the bridge, attached by the side of a life-buoy. When thrown in the water, it will emit orange smoke and light to draw the ship’s crew or other ships in the area

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22
Q

Abandon Ship

A

The order is always a verbal command from the master, or next surviving officer

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23
Q

How Would a Crew Member Alert the Bridge of an Emergency

A

-Telephone
-Radios
-Talkback systems

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24
Q

Manual Call Points

A

-According to SOLAS, these will be installed throughout the vessel
-When pressed, it will show a red light to indicate that it has been activated, and will sound an alarm to inform the bridge that there is an emergency occurring in that particular part of the ship

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25
Q

Fixed Fire Detection System

A

Vessels must be fitted with these, and include smoke, flame and heat detectors, which would activate an alarm to alert the bridge officer or whole crew of the fact that an emergency situation is occurring

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26
Q

Muster List

A

-Must be conspicuously posted around the ship
-It contains clear instructions to be followed in the event of an emergency for every person onboard
-Covers all the following information:
*Alarms for different emergencies
*Muster Points
*List showing the assigned survival craft of each crew member
*Assigned duties for abandon ship
*Emergency equipment available

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27
Q

Individual Emergency Instructions

A

-Each crew member should be issued with individual emergency instructions that describe the emergency signals and the actions that should be taken by that crewmember in the event of hearing the signals
-The instructions should also include the crewmembers allocated muster station and survival craft

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28
Q

Drills and Training

A

-Emergency drills will be held frequently in order to prepare all the crewmembers for an emergency
-It should be second nature to follow the actions required

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29
Q

Watertight Doors

A

These stop water from moving from one watertight bulkhead to another and thus help to prevent the ship from flooding to the point of sinking

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30
Q

Fire Doors

A

-These are in any opening in any vertical fire resistant bulkheads which separate the ship to prevent the spread of fire
-They are capable of self-closing with the order from the bridge and in some cases automatically when the fire alarm is sounded

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31
Q

Portable Fire Extinguishers

A

-Located throughout the ship to enable the efficient fighting of small fires
-There will be different types depending upon the type of space that is served

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32
Q

Other Fire Equipment

A

-Fire hoses
-Personal protective equipment
-fixed fire fighting systems
-Fire dampers
-Smoke extraction systems

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33
Q

Lifejackets

A

-In readily accessible places for everyone onboard
-You will be instructed on how to wear it upon boarding your ship

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34
Q

Life Buoys

A

-Provided on the open decks and at the openings in the hull
-Certain ones are provided with a light and/or lifeline, and those on the bridge also have smoke floats attached
-Marked with the ship’s name and port of registry
-Used in the event of a MOB

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35
Q

What are the Two Types of Radios

A

VHF
UHF

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36
Q

What Does GMDSS Stand For

A

Global Maritime Distress and Safety Systems

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37
Q

Who Created the GMDSS and Why

A

The International Maritime Organisation (IMO), to increase safety and make it easier to rescue distressed vessels and aircrafts

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38
Q

VHF Radio with Digital Selective Calling (DSC)

A

A continuous watch should be kept on radiotelephone Channel 16 and VHF DSC Channel 70, as these channels are used for distress communications.
DSC Channel 70 is used for sending and receiving messages, and Channel 16 is used for spoken communication

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39
Q

What is MF/HF Radio used for

A

MF/HF radio is used for long-range communication between ships and coast stations, as well ass for broadcasting maritime safety information (MSI) and navigational warnings

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40
Q

Search And Rescue Transponder (SART)

A

A SART is a handheld device which transmits a signal when interrogated by an X band radar
It helps to direct the watchkeeper towards the SARTS, and therefore the distress craft, by using a series of dots which become arcs, and eventually become circles on the radar screen when the vessel gets closer

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41
Q

Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon (EPIRB)

A

When switched on, an EPIRB transmits a distress message containing all the ships pre-programmed information to a shore facility
An EPIRB is fixed to a mechanism (HRU) which allows it to float free and activate, in the event that a vessel sinks

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42
Q

NAVTEX

A

A NAVTEX reciever is carried on the bridge of the ship, and it prints messages in text format which are sent over radio
examples of NAVTEX messages could be:
Met Reports
Unsafe Areas
Emergency alerts from coast

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43
Q

According to Annex IV, What Other Signals Can Be Used To Indicate Distress

A

A gun or other explosive signal fired at intervals of about a minute
A continuous sounding with any fog-signalling apparatus

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44
Q

Autopilot Alarm

A

The autopilot alarm indicates that the autopilot is having difficulties keeping the vessel on the set heading. Steering should be switched to manual, and the source of the alarm should be determined. If the source of the alarm cannot be resolved, the master should be called immediately, and a record made in the log book

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45
Q

What is Rule 20 of the International Regulations for the Prevention of Collisions

A

Rule 20 discusses the application of the rules regarding lights and shapes

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46
Q

In What Conditions are Lights and Shapes Displayed

A

In all weather/ conditions

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47
Q

Define Masthead Light

A

A white light placed over the fore-and-aft centreline of the vessel showing an unbroken light over arc of the horizon of 225degrees and so fixed as to show the light from the right ahead to 22.5degrees abaft the beam on either side of the vessel

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48
Q

Define Side Lights

A

A green light on the starboard side and a red light on the port side

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49
Q

Define Stern Light

A

A white light placed as close as practicable at the stern, showing an unbroken light over an arc of the horizon of 135degrees and so fixed as to show the light 67.4degrees from right aft on each side of the vessel

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50
Q

Define Towing Light

A

A yellow light having the same characteristics as the Stern light

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51
Q

Define All-Round Lights

A

A light showing an unbroken light over an arc of horizon 360degrees (used for boats that cannot manoeuvre)

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52
Q

Define Flashing Light

A

A light flashing at regular intervals at a frequency for 120 flashes or more per minute.

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53
Q

How Many Masthead Lights Must A Vessel Under 50m Display

A

Only 1 masthead light

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54
Q

How Many Masthead Lights Must A Vessel Over 50m Display

A

2 masthead lights must be displayed

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55
Q

On A Vessel Less Than 20m, What Can Be Done To The Side Lights

A

Side lights can be combined in one lantern

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56
Q

Define Air Cushion Vessel

A

A vessel designed so that the whole or a significant part of its weight can be supported by a continuously generated cushion of air

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57
Q

When a Power Driven Vessel is Underway, What Must it Show

A

A masthead light (or two)
Side lights
Stern lights

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58
Q

What is The Topic of Rule 22 in the COLREGS

A

Visibility of Lights

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59
Q

How Far can Each Light on a Ship Over 50m Be Seen

A

Masthead, 6 miles
Sidelight, 3 miles
Stern light, 3 miles
Towing vessel, 3 miles
All-round light, 3 miles

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60
Q

How Far can Each Light on a Ship 13m or more Be Seen

A

Masthead on ship ^20m, 5 miles
Masthead on ship ^12m, 3 miles
Sidelight, 2 miles
Stern light, 2 miles
Towing light, 2 miles
All-round light, 2 miles

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61
Q

How Far can Each Light on a Ship Less than 12m Be Seen

A

Masthead, 2 miles
Sidelight, 1 mile
Stern light, 2 miles
Towing light, 2 miles
All-round lights, 2 miles

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62
Q

On an Inconspicuous, Partly Submerged Vessel or Objects Being Towed, What Light is Shown and How Far can it Be Seen

A

A white all-round light, 3 miles

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63
Q

Order:
Rudder Midship

A

Place the wheel back in the zero/centre position

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64
Q

Order:
Ease To…

A

Bring back the wheel towards midship to the stated angel

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65
Q

Order:
Steady As She Goes

A

Steer the heading on which the ship was heading when the command was received

66
Q

Order:
Steady On Course

A

Steer the stated course

67
Q

Order:
Hard To Port/Starboard

A

Put the wheel as far as it goes to port/starboard (no more than 35 degrees either side though)

68
Q

Order:
Mark Your Head

A

State aloud the current heading of the vessel

69
Q

According to the Mariners’ Handbook, What is Very Poor Visibility

A

Visibility less than 1000m

70
Q

According to the Mariners’ Handbook, What is Poor Visibility

A

Visibility between 1000m and 2 nautical miles

71
Q

According to the Mariners’ Handbook, What is Moderate Visibility

A

Visibility between 2 and 5 nautical miles

72
Q

According to the Mariners’ Handbook, What is Good Visibility

A

Visibility more than 5 nautical miles

73
Q

Sound Signals for Manoeuvring:
1 Short Blast

A

Sound Signals for Manoeuvring:
Changing course to starboard

74
Q

Sound Signals for Manoeuvring:
2 Short Blasts

A

Sound Signals for Manoeuvring:
Changing course to Port

75
Q

Sound Signals for Manoeuvring:
3 Short Blasts

A

Sound Signals for Manoeuvring:
Going Astern

76
Q

Sound Signals for Manoeuvring:
2 Long, 1 Short Blasts

A

Sound Signals for Manoeuvring:
Overtake on starboard

77
Q

Sound Signals for Manoeuvring:
2 Long, 2 Short Blasts

A

Sound Signals for Manoeuvring:
Overtake on Port

78
Q

Sound Signals for Manoeuvring:
1 Long, 1 Short, 1 Long, 1 Short

A

Sound Signals for Manoeuvring:
Agree to be overtaken

79
Q

Sound Signals for Manoeuvring:
5 Short Rapid Blasts, 5 Rapid Flashes

A

Sound Signals for Manoeuvring:
Unsure of Intent

80
Q

Sound Signals for Manoeuvring:
1 Long Blast
(1 Long Blast Received Back)

A

Sound Signals for Manoeuvring:
Approaching bend/ obstruction
(Answer to Approaching bend/ obstruction)

81
Q

Sound Signals In Restricted Visibility:
1 Long Blast (No More Than 2 Minutes)

A

Sound Signals In Restricted Visibility:
Making way in restricted visibility

82
Q

Sound Signals In Restricted Visibility:
2 Long Blasts (2 Second Gap)

A

Sound Signals In Restricted Visibility:
Under way

83
Q

Sound Signals In Restricted Visibility:
1 long, 2 Short (No More 2 Minutes)

A

Sound Signals In Restricted Visibility:
Not Under Command
Fishing
Constrained by draught
Restricted manoeuvring
Sailing PDV
Towing

84
Q

Sound Signals In Restricted Visibility:
1 Long, 3 Short (No More 2 Minutes)

A

Sound Signals In Restricted Visibility:
Vessel Being Towed

85
Q

Sound Signals In Restricted Visibility:
Rapid Bell Ringing for 5 Seconds + Gong for 5 Seconds (Intervals of a Minute)

A

Sound Signals In Restricted Visibility:
Vessel at anchor

86
Q

Sound Signals In Restricted Visibility:
3 Bell Strokes, Rapid Bell Ringing for 5 Seconds, 3 Bell Strokes

A

Sound Signals In Restricted Visibility:
Vessel aground

87
Q

Sound Signals In Restricted Visibility:
3 Warning Noises

A

Sound Signals In Restricted Visibility:
Vessel at anchor less than 20m

88
Q

Sound Signals In Restricted Visibility:
4 Short Blasts

A

Sound Signals In Restricted Visibility:
Pilot Vessel

89
Q

Beaufort Scale:
Force 0

A

Beaufort Scale:
Wind Speed: under 1 knots
WMO Description: Calm
Effects: Sea like a mirror

90
Q

Beaufort Scale:
Force 1

A

Beaufort Scale:
Wind: 1-3 knots
Description: Light air
Effects: Ripples with appearance of scales

91
Q
A
92
Q

Beaufort Scale:
Force 2

A

Beaufort Scale:
Wind: 4-6 knots
Description: Light Breeze
Effects: Small wavelets, still short, but more pronounced. Crests have glassy appearance and do not break

93
Q

Beaufort Scale:
Force 3

A

Beaufort Scale:
Wind: 7-10 knots
Description: Gentle Breeze
Effects: Large wavelets. Crests begin to break. Foam of glassy appearance. Perhaps scattered white horses

94
Q

Beaufort Scale:
Force 4

A

Beaufort Scale:
Wind: 11-16 knots
Description: Moderate Breeze
Effects: Small waves, becoming lager; fairly frequent white horses

95
Q

Beaufort Scale:
Force 5

A

Beaufort Scale:
Wind: 17-21 knots
Description: Fresh Breeze
Effects: Moderate waves, taking a more pronounced long form; many white horses are formed. Chance of some spray

96
Q

Beaufort Scale:
Force 6

A

Beaufort Scale:
Wind: 22-27 knots
Description: Strong breeze
Effects: Large waves begin to form; the white foam crests are more extensive everywhere. Probably some spray

97
Q

Beaufort Scale:
Force 7

A

Beaufort Scale:
Wind: 28-33 knots
Description: Near gale
Effects: Sea heaps up and white foam from breaking waves begins to be blown in streaks along the direction of the wind

98
Q

Beaufort Scale:
Force 8

A

Beaufort Scale:
Wind: 34-40 knots
Description: Gale
Effects: Moderately high waves of greater length; edges of crests begin to break into spindrift. the foam is blown in well marked streaks along the direction of wind

99
Q

Beaufort Scale:
Force 9

A

Beaufort Scale:
Wind: 41-47 knots
Description: Strong Gale
Effects: High waves. dense streaks of foam along the direction of the wind. Crests of waves begin to topple, tumble and roll over. Spray may affect visibility

100
Q

Beaufort Scale:
Force 10

A

Beaufort Scale:
Wind: 48-55 knots
Description: Storm
Effects: Very high waves with long over-hanging crests. The resulting foam, in large patches, is blown in dense white streaks across the direction of the wind. On the whole the surface of the sea takes on a white appearance. The ‘tumbling’ of the sea becomes heavy and shock-like.

101
Q

Beaufort Scale:
Force 11

A

Beaufort Scale:
Wind: 56-63 knots
Description: Violent storm
Effects: Exceptionally high waves (smaller ships may be lost from view due to wave height). the sea is completely covered in long white patches of foam lying along the direction of the wind. Visibility affected.

102
Q

Beaufort Scale:
Force 12

A

Beaufort Scale:
Wind: 64+ knots
Description: Hurricane
Effects: The air is filled with foam and spray. Sea completely white with driving spray; visibility very seriously affected

103
Q
A

Power Driven Vessel Less than 50m From Ahead

104
Q
A

Power Driven Vessel from Astern

105
Q
A

Power Driven Vessel less then 50m From Port Side

106
Q
A

Power Driven Vessel less then 50m from Starboard Side

107
Q
A

Power Driven Vessel Over 50m from Ahead

108
Q
A

Power Driven Vessel Over 50m from Port Side

109
Q
A

Power Driven Vessel Over 50m from Starboard Side

110
Q
A

Towing Vessel less than 200m from Ahead (as well as usual PDV lights)

111
Q
A

Towing Vessel more than 200m from Ahead (as well as usual PDV lights)

112
Q
A

Towing Vessel from Astern

113
Q
A

Vessel Engaged in Fishing

114
Q
A

Vessel Engaged in Trawling

115
Q
A

Vessel Not Under command

116
Q
A

Vessel Restricted in their ability to Manoeuvre

117
Q
A

Vessel Constrained by their Draught

118
Q
A

Pilot Vessel

119
Q
A

Anchored Vessel

120
Q
A

Vessel Aground

121
Q
A

Sailing Vessel

122
Q

Summarise Rule 7

A

Don’t make assumptions based on little information

123
Q

Summarise Rule 8

A

Actions to be taken to avoid collision

124
Q

Summarise Rule 9

A

When sailing down a narrow channel, stay as close to your lane as possible

125
Q

Summarise Rule 10

A

When sailing across a shipping lane, try point as closely as possible in the direction of the shipping lane

126
Q

Summarise Rule 11

A

Section 2 applies to ships that can see each other

127
Q

Summarise Rule 12

A

Actions to be taken when two sailing ships (not PDV) encounter one another

128
Q

Summarise Rule 13

A

Overtaking situations

129
Q

Summarise Rule 14

A

Head-on Situations

130
Q

Summarise Rule 15

A

Crossing Situations

131
Q

Summarise Rule 16

A

Actions to be taken by a give-way vessel

132
Q

Summarise Rule 17

A

Actions of a Stand-on vessel

133
Q

Summarise Rule 18

A

Responsibilities between vessels

134
Q

Summarise Rule 19

A

Conduct of vessels in restricted visibility

135
Q

Summarise Rule 20

A

Rules concerning lights apply from sunset to sunrise

136
Q

Summarise Rule 21

A

Definitions about lights and shapes

137
Q

Summarise Rule 22

A

Visibility of lights

138
Q

Summarise Rule 23

A

Lights to be carried by PDV underway

139
Q

Summarise Rule 24

A

Lights for vessels towing or pushing

140
Q

Summarise Rule 25

A

Light requirements for sailing vessels and vessels under oars

141
Q

Summarise Rule 26

A

Light requirements for fishing vessels

142
Q

Summarise Rule 27

A

Light requirements for vessels not under command or restricted in their ability to manoeuvre

143
Q

Summarise Rule 28

A

Light requirements for vessels constrained by their draught

144
Q

Summarise Rule 29

A

Light requirements for pilot vessels

145
Q

Summarise Rule 30

A

Light requirements for vessels anchored or aground

146
Q

Summarise Rule 31

A

Light requirements for sea planes

147
Q

Summarise Rule 32

A

Definitions of Whistle, short blast, and prolonged blast

148
Q

Summarise Rule 33

A

vessels 12 metres or more in length should carry a whistle and a bell and vessels 100 metres or more in length should carry in addition a gong

149
Q

Summarise Rule 34

A

Manoeuvring and warning signals, using lights or whistle

150
Q

Summarise Rule 35

A

Sound signals to be used in restricted visibility

151
Q

Summarise Rule 36

A

Signals to be used to attract attention

152
Q

Summarise Rule 37

A

Distress Signals

153
Q

Summarise Rule 38

A

Exemptions

154
Q
A

Towing Vessel

155
Q
A

Sailing Vessel Propelled by Machinery

156
Q
A

Vessel Engaged in Fishing of Trawling

157
Q
A

Vessels Not Under Command

158
Q
A

Restricted in their ability to manoeuvre

159
Q
A

Vessel Constrained by Draught

160
Q
A

Anchored Vessel

161
Q
A

Vessel Aground

162
Q
A