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GI > Colorectal Rosh > Flashcards

Colorectal Rosh Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following serum tests would you order in the initial laboratory evaluation of a patient with suspected rectal neoplasia?

A

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)

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2
Q

What ophthalmologic examination finding is pathognomonic for Wilson disease?

A

Kayser-Fleischer rings.

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3
Q

The most common causes of acute pancreatitis are:

A

Gallstones (biliary tract pathology)
Alcohol
Other causes: hypertriglyceridemia

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4
Q

What is the gold standard for diagnosing peptic ulcer disease?

A

Endoscopy

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5
Q

What is the most common cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding?

A

Peptic ulcer disease

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6
Q

What is the tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma

A

Alpha fetoprotein

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7
Q

1-day history of throbbing rectal pain. Your examination shows a large thrombosed external hemorrhoid. Which one of the following is the preferred initial treatment for this patient?

A

Elliptical excision of the thrombosed hemorrhoid.

IF the pain is already subsiding or more time has elapsed, and if there is no necrosis or ulceration, measures such as sitz baths, bulk laxatives, stool softeners, and local analgesia may be helpful

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8
Q

Which of the following findings seen on rectal examination is most consistent with a concomitant systemic process?

A

Lateral anal fissure

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9
Q

Initial Treatment of Choice for Sigmoid Volvulus?

A

Sigmoidoscopy (decompress and detorse the coffee bean bowel)

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10
Q

What is the tumor marker for pancreatic cancer?

A

CA19-9

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11
Q

What abx is known for causing C-diff?

A

Clindamycin

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12
Q

What study can definitively diagnose celiac disease?

A

Small bowel biopsy

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13
Q

What is the Schilling test used for?

A

Used to determine the cause of B12 malabsorption secondary to disorders such as pernicious anemia

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14
Q

What disease are these labs helpful: IgA antiendomysial (EMA) and anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-tTG) antibodies

A

Celiac Disease

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15
Q

Celiac disease is associated with what skin finding?

A

dermatitis herpetiformis

(chronic, very itchy skin rash made up of bumps and blisters)

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16
Q

What test can be used to confirm lactose intolerance?

A

Hydrogen breath test

17
Q

What disorder is associated with celiac disease?

A

Type-1 DM

18
Q

Which of the following is an indicator of unresectability of gastric cancer?

A

Disease encasement of the hepatic a.

19
Q

Which of the following is a risk factor associated with the development of pancreatic cancer?

A

Cigarette smoking

20
Q

What is the most common cause of gastric cancer?

A

H. pylori

21
Q

Gastroenteritis caused by intake of improperly refrigerated cooked or fried rice is due to what bug?

A

Bacillus cereus

22
Q

Which bacterial gastroenteritis is associated with febrile seizures?

A

Shigella

23
Q

What is a common cause of worsening hepatic encephalopathy?

A

Constipation
Bonus Fact: On physical examination, asterixis is characteristic of the process (“flapping” of the wrist when it is extended)

24
Q

Which of the following organisms is the most common cause of traveler’s diarrhea?

A

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

25
Q

Which of the following antibiotics may precipitate hemolysis in a patient with G6PD deficiency?

A

Nitrofurantonin

26
Q

Which of the following medications is most appropriate to use in a 64-year-old man with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and a recently diagnosed urinary tract infection?

A

Cephalexin

27
Q

Which of the following signs would be indicative of a retrocecal location of the appendix?

A

Psoas sign

28
Q

What electrolyte abnormality commonly causes an ileus?

A

Hypokalemia

29
Q

What is the most common cause of intestinal obstruction in children under two years of age?

A

Intussusception

30
Q

Perforation is a complication that occurs in 10% of patients with acute cholecystitis and is characterized by which of the following?

A

Hypoactive bowel sounds

31
Q

What esophageal constriction at the squamocolumnar junction is most commonly associated with sliding hiatal hernias?

A

Schatzki rings.

32
Q

Expected lab finding with PCOS?

A

Increased LH

33
Q

When educating a patient about risks of undergoing surgical repair of a rectocele, which of the following potential complications should be mentioned?

A

Dyspareuia

GI (2 decks)

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