Colonoscopy (and Polypectomy if necessary)

Question 1

What is colonoscopy?

Answer 1

using a long, thin and soft optical instrument to diagnose diseases of the lower digestive tract, which includes the terminal ileum, caecum, ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon and rectum 下消化道 (包括迴腸 末端、盲腸、結腸各部位、直腸及肛門

Question 2

What are the therapies during this procedure?

Answer 2

如果發現結腸黏膜發生病變，會抽取一小片組織檢驗。如果發現息肉，亦可放 置金屬圈經結腸鏡，利用電流切除息肉;一般適用於細於兩厘米的息肉。切除息肉時，病人不會感到痛楚

• polypectomy (removal of polyp), control of bleeding, and insertion of colonic stent 放置腸內支架

Question 3

What are the indications?

Answer 3

• Suspected colorectal cancer
• Presence of rectal bleeding 大便出血
• Presence of occult blood in stool 大便帶隱血
• Change of bowel habit
• Chronic diarrhoea
• Constipation
• Difficulty in defecation
• Family history of colorectal cancer 結腸癌 or related cancer diseases

Question 4

How is it perform?

Answer 4

1. 檢查前，醫生會因應病人個別情況，注射適量的鎮靜劑，以減低病人的焦慮及檢查時所引起之不 適。
2. 醫生將一支柔軟之內視鏡 (直徑約為一點五公分) 由病人肛門放進體內進行檢查。
3. 整個檢查一般需時約十五至三十分鐘。病人如情況複雜而需要特別治療，則需要更長時間。

Question 5

What are the precautions?

Answer 5

1. 檢查前三天不要進食高纖食物 (例如水果、蔬菜及瓜類食品)。
2. 檢查前一天須按醫生指示服用二至四公升瀉藥，否則檢查無法進行。
   如服用放瀉藥物後有以下强烈反應:如持續冒汗、心悸，嚴重嘔吐、頭暈，劇烈腹瀉及腹絞痛等
   等，請立即停服瀉藥及馬上通知你的主診醫生或護士。如以上情況惡化請盡快到附近醫院或急症
   室求診。
3. 檢查當日，只可飲用清流質，如蘋果汁、啫喱、清水、清湯等 (奶類飲品除外)。