Colonialism and Imperialism in the Context of the Philippines and Southeast Asia History

Question 1

It is the expansion of a nation’s authority over other nations through the
acquisition of land and/or the imposition of economic and political domination.

Answer 1

Imperialism

Question 2

It is the main reason behind colonial expansion ( colonialism ) that laid the foundation for a global
struggle for supremacy.

Answer 2

Imperialism

Question 3

Essentially means control through diplomatic means

Answer 3

Imperialism

Question 4

The period of intense competition and colonization by European powers for Asia

Answer 4

Scramble for Asia

Question 5

When does the term “ Scramble for Asia “ occur?

Answer 5

1880 - 1930

Question 6

What happened during the “Scramble for Asia?“

Answer 6

The expansion of European imperial territories in Asia

Question 7

What became the focus of the “ Scramble For Asia? “

Answer 7

Asia

Question 8

The “ Scramble for Asia “ continues to shape what?

Answer 8

Geopolitics today

Question 9

It is defined as “Control by one power over a dependent area or people.”

Answer 9

Colonialism

Question 10

Colonialism occurs when?

Answer 10

When one nation conquers another nation

Question 11

During colonialism, the colonizer may often do what?

Answer 11

Force its own language and cultural values to another nation

Question 12

Colonialism involves what?

Answer 12

The settlement of people

Question 13

What is the objective of Imperialism?

Answer 13

Establish dominance through economic, military, or diplomatic means

Question 14

What is the objective of Colonialism?

Answer 14

1. Economic Exploitation
2. Resource Extraction
3. Establishment of Trade Routes

Question 15

How does Imperialism happen?

Answer 15

1. Economic Dominance
2. Political Influence
3. Military Control
4. Force
5. Acquisition of Land

Question 16

How does Colonialism happen?

Answer 16

1. Direct and Physical Control
2. Establishment of Colonies
3. Settlement

Question 17

What motivates Imperialism?

Answer 17

1. Economic Interests
2. Geopolitical Influence
3. Strategic Military Positioning
4. Spread of Ideology or Cultural Values

Question 18

What motivates Colonialism?

Answer 18

1. Addition of Land
2. Addition of Resources
3. Economic Exploitation
4. Cultural Assimilation

Question 19

In a basic Cause and Effect Relationship, what is the cause and what is the effect?

Answer 19

Imperialism can be thought of as the cause and Colonialism as the effect

Question 20

What are the Forms of Imperialism

Answer 20

1. Colonialism
2. Economic Imperialism
3. Having Protectorate
4. Sphere of Influence

Question 21

A form of Imperialism where direct control of a foreign country over an occupied country

Answer 21

Colonialism

Question 22

A form of Imperialism where a foreign large private business enterprises control over a country that is not yet well-developed

Answer 22

Economic Imperialism

Question 23

A form of Imperialism where a foreign country allows the native rulers of a weaker country to remain in power while maintaining control over rulers

Answer 23

Having Protectorate

Question 24

A form of Imperialism where a foreign country maintains a strong political or economic influence over a country or a geographical region

Answer 24

Sphere of Influence

Question 25

What are the forms of Colonialism

Answer 25

1. Direct Rule ( Territorial Colonialism ) 2. Indirect Rule ( Informal Colonialism )

Question 26

It refers to a situation where a colonial power establishes direct control over a territory and its people

Answer 26

Direct Rule / Territorial Colonialism

Question 27

Direct Rule allows for what?

Answer 27

1. More Direct Control 2. Exploitation of Resources

Question 28

What are the Disadvantages of Direct Rule?

Answer 28

1. Resistance and Conflicts with the Local Population

Question 29

A form of Colonialism that involves a more subtle form of control

Answer 29

Indirect Rule / Informal Colonialism

Question 30

In an Indirect Rule, the colonial power relies on what?

Answer 30

1. Local Negotiators 2. Local Collaborators

Question 31

What are the advantages of Indirect Rule?

Answer 31

1. Less Costly 2. Easier to Maintain

Question 32

What are the disadvantages of Indirect Rule?

Answer 32

1. Exploitation of the Local Population by the Collaborating Elites 2. Marginalization of the Local Population by the Collaborating Elites

Question 33

Name an example/s of Direct Rule

Answer 33

1. French Rule in Indochina

Question 34

Name an example/s of Indirect Rule

Answer 34

1. Dutch Rule in Indonesia 2. Spanish Rule in the Philippines

Question 35

It refers to the method of rule that colonial powers practiced on the nations which they ruled

Answer 35

Direct and Indirect Rule

Question 36

What are the Effects of Colonialism?

Answer 36

1. Economic Disruption and Dependency 2. Political Instability and Conflict 3. Cultural Disruption and Loss of Identity 4. Social Inequality and Marginalization

Question 37

What are the Events that Paved the Way for Westerner’s Arrival in Asia

Answer 37

1. Launching of Crusades 2. Travels of Marco Polo 3. Search for a New trade Route 4. Age of Exploration and Discovery 5. Belief Mercantilism

Question 38

Crusades were launched upon the call of who?

Answer 38

Pope Urban II

Question 39

Crusades were launched upon the call of Pope Urban II to what?

Answer 39

Reclaim Jerusalem

Question 40

What is the Holy Land of Christians

Answer 40

Jerusalem

Question 41

The Cavaliers' accounts of Asia reached what?

Answer 41

Europe

Question 42

The Cavaliers' accounts of Asia enticed Europe to what?

Answer 42

Travel to Asia

Question 43

The Travels of Marco Polo published and highlighted what?

Answer 43

The Wealth and Beauty of China

Question 44

The Travels of Marco Polo caused what?

Answer 44

Caused the Europeans to travel to Asia

Question 45

What are the Asian Products that are used for food preservation and became in demand and popular in Europe?

Answer 45

1. Silk 2. Gold 3. Diamonds 4. Rubies 5. Salt

Question 46

These are used for food preservation and became in demand and popular in Europe

Answer 46

Asian Products

Question 47

When did the Seljuk Turks gain control of the trade route from Asia to Europe

Answer 47

During the 14th century

Question 48

Where did the Seljuk Turks gain control of the trade route?

Answer 48

From Asia to Europe

Question 49

The Seljuk Turks caused what?

Answer 49

1. The Italian Monopoly 2. Increased Prices of Asian Commodities 3. Search for a New Trade Route

Question 50

Refers to when Europeans started traveling to discover new lands and trade routes

Answer 50

Age of Exploration and Discovery

Question 51

What happened during Prince Henry’s reign?

Answer 51

Portuguese sailors reached land

Question 52

Name examples of a land that Portuguese Sailors reached

Answer 52

1. Bartolomeu Dias 2. Edge of Africa

Question 53

Portuguese Sailors reached the edge of Africa and named it what?

Answer 53

Cape of Good Hope

Question 54

The Cape of Good Hope signifies what?

Answer 54

The Portuguese Sailors’ hope to discover more lands

Question 55

Vasco de Gama discovered a new route to Asia by reaching what?

Answer 55

Calicut ( present day Kerala )

Question 56

A theory that a country’s wealth could be measured by the total amount of gold and silver it possessed

Answer 56

Mercantilism

Question 57

What are the nations that fought for the lands of Asia through Colonialism?

Answer 57

1. Spain 2. Portugal 3. Great Britain 4. Netherlands 5. France

Question 58

When did the first stage of Western Imperialism happen?

Answer 58

16th - 17th century

Question 59

What are the motives of the first stage of Western colonialism in Asia?

Answer 59

1. Spread Christianity 2. Benefit from Colonies’ Natural Resources 3. Selling of Colonizers’ Surplus to Colonies

Question 60

This stage is characterized by the expansion and consolidation of Western powers beyond their borders.

Answer 60

Second Stage of Western Imperialism

Question 61

When did the second stage of Western Imperialism happen?

Answer 61

18th - 19th century

Question 62

What are the motives of the second stage of Western colonialism in Asia?

Answer 62

1. Industrialization 2. Capitalism 3. White Man’s Burden

Question 63

It is an economic system characterized by private ownership of capital and free competition in the market

Answer 63

Capitalism

Question 64

Who made the White Man’s Burden

Answer 64

Rudyard Kipling

Question 65

Describes the Westeners’ belief that they are better and more advanced than black people

Answer 65

White Man’s Burden

Question 66

Refers to the period during which European powers established control and influence over Asia

Answer 66

Western Colonization of Southeast Asia

Question 67

When did the Western Colonization of Southeast Asia happen?

Answer 67

16th - 20th century

Question 68

What caused the Western Colonization of Southeast Asia?

Answer 68

1. Economic Motives 2. Political Ambitions 3. Strategic Interests

Question 69

When did all Southeast Asia nations come under colonial control except Thailand

Answer 69

Early 12th century

Question 70

What are the key events during the Western Colonization in Southeast Asia?

Answer 70

1. Portuguese Arrival 2. Dutch East India Company (VOC) Establishment 3. Spanish Colonization of the Philippines 4. Anglo - Dutch Treaty of 1824 5. French Colonization of Indochina

Question 71

When did the Portuguese Explorers arrived in Southeast Asia?

Answer 71

Early 16th century

Question 72

Who famously led the Portuguese Explorers?

Answer 72

Vasco Da Gama

Question 73

The Dutch East India Company is also called what?

Answer 73

VOC

Question 74

When was the Dutch East India Company established?

Answer 74

1602

Question 75

What does The Dutch East India Company aim to do?

Answer 75

Dominate the spice trade in the East Indies

Question 76

When did Ferdinand Magellan arrived in the Philippines?

Answer 76

1521

Question 77

The Philippines remained under Spanish rule for how many years?

Answer 77

333 years

Question 78

When did the Anglo - Dutch treaty happen?

Answer 78

1824

Question 79

What was the result of the Anglo - Dutch Treaty?

Answer 79

Brought Malaya and Singapore under the control of the British Brought Indonesia under the control of the Dutch

Question 80

When did the French Colonization of Indochina happen?

Answer 80

19th century

Question 81

What did the French colonize throughout the 19th century?

Answer 81

1. Vietnam 2. Cambodia 3. Laos

Question 82

The French Colonization of Indochina was driven by what?

Answer 82

Economic Interests

Question 83

What was Thailand formerly known as?

Answer 83

Siam

Question 84

Why was Thailand able to avoid direct colonization by Western imperial powers?

Answer 84

1. Served as a Buffer Zone 2. Modernization Reforms 3. Strengthening of Thai Nationalism and Cultural Identity

Question 85

It is an area that physically separates two or more adversarial powers, serving as an instrument of peace and stability

Answer 85

Buffer Zone

Question 86

It absorbs tensions and acts as a cushion, existing at different geographical scales depending on the powers being separated

Answer 86

Buffer Zone

Question 87

Who are the Thai kings that employed adept diplomacy and negotiating treaties with Britain and France that preserved the country’s sovereignty while making economic and territorial concessions?

Answer 87

1. King Mongkut 2. King Chulalongkorn

Question 88

What are the impacts of Western Colonization in Southeast Asia?

Answer 88

1. Economic Exploitation 2. Social and Cultural Transformations 3. Political Instability and Resistance