Colon polyps and Colon Cancer

Question 1

Non-Neoplastic 3 kinds

Answer 1

Inflammatory, harmatomatous polyps and hyperplastic

Question 2

Inflammatory info, presentation, labs / diagnostics

Answer 2

Often due to mucosal prolapse (common in rectum). Cycles of injury and healing result in
polyp formation. Presents with bleeding. Colonscopy + biopsy

Question 3

Hamartomatous polyps info, presentation, labs / diagnositcs

Answer 3

hamartoma=”tumor-­like” overgrowth of tissue that is normally present (Juvenile - can
be sporadic or syndromic, Peutz-­Jeghers - syndromic, Other: Cowden, Cronkhite-­‐Canada). Variable locations in lower GI system May
portend: GI carcinoma (40% lifetime risk), extra-­GI symptoms. Usually benign features on path but syndromic juvenile polyps often have foci of dysplasia

Question 4

Hyperplastic info, presentation, labs diagnostics

Answer 4

Left colon and rectum (90%), Small size, Increases with age. Presents with smooth nodular lesion with flat base –> SESSILE. Need pathology to
distinguish if hyperplastic polyp
or adenomatous polyp. Labs: Delayed maturation with
overgrowth of superficial epithelium serrated architecture. No dysplasia. DIFFERENT from “sessile serrated polyp/adenoma” which ARE pre-­malignant and are. More common on RIGHT. Dysplastic epithelium. Usually larger. Can progress to adenocarcinoma. Assoc with microsatellite instability pathway (MMR defect)