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game breeding colloquia > colloquim > Flashcards

colloquim Flashcards

1
Q

What is included in the hunting law

A

game breeding programme
game protection programme
game management plan

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2
Q

what is a game breeding programme

A

a document that regulates breeding, protection and exploitation of game animals at fenced areas

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3
Q

what is game protection programme

A

a document that regulates protection of game animals at areas where it’s prohibited to establish hunting ground

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4
Q

what is a game management plan

A

a plan that regulates in detailed management with game species and the hunting ground for a period of 10 years, in accordance with habitat quality and population size of game animals, and the presence of protected species
without it, it’s impossible to hunt

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5
Q

what are the initial actions necessary for creation of GMP

A
  • act on establishment of the hunting ground
  • total surface of the hunting ground
  • state and privately owned areas in the hunting ground
  • climate characteristics
  • vegetation characteristics
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6
Q

what is the hunting area

A

all surfaces at which game animals live and can be hunted

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7
Q

hunting can be divided into:

A
  1. management suitable area (hunting productive) where game animals have the conditions to live, breed and raise offspring
  2. management unsuitable area (hunting nonproductive) where game animals are found but they don’t provide conditions for breeding and rearing
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8
Q

non-management areas

A

protected parts of nature
orchard and vineyard for intensive production
fenced grazing areas
mined areas and safety zone 100m
roads

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9
Q

what are parts of the GMP

A
  1. introduction
  2. data about hunting ground
  3. management with game and hunting ground
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10
Q

calculation of management suitable area

A

a base for determination of the population size of main game species (per hunting unit)
synchronises game management and protection with agriculture and forestry

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11
Q

determination of the habitat quality index

A

determination of habitat suitability for certain species
represents evaluation of basic factors necessary for survival of the animals

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12
Q

HQI factors for large game species

A
  • food and water
  • vegetation
  • soil quality
  • peace
  • general habitat suitability
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13
Q

sustainable game capacity is

A

number of animals of one species per 100ha of management suitable area that ensures healthy and normally developed animals, in good body condition, which causes tolerable damage on agriculture and forestry

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14
Q

newborn stock is

A

total number of newborns of certain species per year

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15
Q

annual population growth is

A

number of newborns that survives first year of life and joins spring stock in the next year

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16
Q

types of hunting ground

A

lowland
hilly
mountain
mediterranean
without flood (up to 40%)
flooding (over 40% of hunting ground)

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17
Q

what is wildlife management

A

attempts to balance the needs of wildlife with the needs of people using the best available science

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18
Q

what is game breeding?

A

it’s the management or control of wildlife for the well being of game and may include killing other animals which share the same niche or predators to maintain a high population of the more profitable speceis

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19
Q

what are the two types of wildlife management>

A

manipulative management
custodial/conservation management

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20
Q

what is manipulative management

A

acts on a population, either changing its numbers by direct means or influencing numbers by the indirect means of altering food supply, habitat, density of predators or prevalence of disease

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21
Q

what is custodial/conservation management

A
  • preventive or protective
    -aim is to minimise external influences on the population and its habitat
  • appropriate in national park
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22
Q

management of hunting seasons

A

open session: when wildlife is allowed to be hunted
limited entry: number of animals take is to be tightly controlled
closed season: when wildlife is protected from hunting and is usually done during breeding season

23
Q

culling

A

acts as a strong selection force and can therefore impact the population genetics of a species

24
Q

hunting license

A

regulatory or legal mechanism to control hunting

purposes: public safety, regulation and conservation of wild animals and regulation of the transmission of animal-borne diseases

25
Q

what is article 1

A

law regulates hunting and game management
management includes breeding, protection, hunting and use of game and its parts

26
Q

article 2

A

legally determined animal species that live freely in nature on surfaces intended for management or intensive management and game breeding for hunting and other use

27
Q

what is the sex ratio

A

primary/ natural 1:1
secondary 1:1,2 / 1:1.5
tertiary 1:6

28
Q

game age categories

A

offspring, yearling, juvenile, middle age, matured, old

29
Q

matured game

A

optimal culling age
max/best trophy and body weight period of life
roe deer 6-8yr
red deer 10-14yr
wild boar 6yr
chamois 9yr

30
Q

age structure according to GMP - wild boar

A

yearling 1-2 yr
young 3 yr
middle aged 4-5 yr
mature 6yr +

31
Q

age structure according to GMP - roe deer

A

yearling 1-2yr
young 3-4 yr
middle age 5-6 yr
mature 7+

32
Q

male roe deer

A

young - male during the 3rd and 4th hunting year
middle age - male during the 5th and 6th hunting year
mature - male during the 7th years beyond

33
Q

how to estimate game stocks?

A

direct: observation, capture, mortality counting
indirect: traces of presence, continuous, census (estimation of abundance)

34
Q

types of census

A

spatial (small and large game) counters close three sides of the square, drivers on the 4th

temporal: specific location over a period of time, repeated at regular intervals

pseudo-sample: counting along transects, foot prints

35
Q

basic stock/spring stock

A

abundance of particular game species at the beginning of the hunting year

36
Q

what is the hunting year

A

1st April - 31st march

37
Q

what is breeding stock/parent stock

A

number of sexually mature game at the beginning of the hunting year
they produce annual population growth

38
Q

stock of newborn

A

total number of newborn animals of the particular game species in some hunting ground during ongoing hunting year

39
Q

annual drop rate

A

all animals of one game species died by predation, accident, disease, weather, poaching
must be calculated before hunting season of ongoing hunting year

40
Q

annual population growth

A

stock of newborn minus annual drop rate
must be determined before shooting season
number of survived newborn of particular game species before hunting season

41
Q

total stock/fall stock

A

consist of basic stock and annual population growht
key number to calculate annual hunting bag

42
Q

annual hunting bag

A

total number of particular game species that might be culled down during hunting season

43
Q

what are the types of culling

A

harvesting: exemption of normally developed and healthy animals from the population

selective: exemption of non perspective animals from the population write offs

sanitary: by quantity, single (exemption of sick or injured individuals), complete or total

reducing: example of excess individual regardless of gender and age

44
Q

types of hunting ground

A

private: ground established on land owned by a single person or company (2000ha or more)

joint hunting ground: established on the lands of various owners, who could not establish their own hunting ground under the provisions of this act

state hunting: variant of private hunting ground

enclosed hunting: hunting area of at least 1000 ha, enclosed by natural or artificial obstacles that prevent or significantly reduce the possibility of wildlife leaving the area

game farm: hunting area exceeding 100ha and less than 2,000 ha of its own land. enclosed by a fence or similar structure obstacles that prevent game from leaving the area

45
Q

hunting ground boundaries

A
  • natural or artificial
  • they must be visible
46
Q

how long is the GMP document for

A

10 years

47
Q

what are the breeding measures

A

nutrition
game protective
measures of technical improvement
culling
and regeneration

48
Q

what are the type of nets

A

fixed, active, double, foot snares, cage traps and vehicles

49
Q

methods of administration of sedative

A

per os, SC, inhalation, pole syringe (0.5-3m)

50
Q

blow pipes

A

plastic/metal, commercial/home made
1-10m/30m, maximum volume 3ml
cheap, easy to handle

51
Q

injection rifle/dart gun

A

application of anaesthetics and medicine
powered by gas (compressed O2, CO2) or gunpowder
range up to 75m

52
Q

what’s the purpose of transporting animals

A

hunting, rehab, trade, conservation, wildlife conflict

53
Q

what should transport boxes have

A

material (plastic, wood, metal) size specific for each species
no sharp edges
heating/cooling, ventilation
camera for monitoring

game breeding colloquia (1 decks)

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