Collision Regulations Flashcards
Responsibility “Rule 2”
Nothing in these rules shall exonerate any vessel, operator or owner from the consequences of:
* Neglect to comply with these rules
* Neglect of any required precaution
* Special circumstances of the case
In complying with these rules due regard shall be had to all dangers of navigation and collision and to any special circumstancers, including the limits of the vessels involved, which may makie a departure from these rules necessary to avoid immediate danger.
General Definitions “Rule 3”
**Vessel **- every description of watercraft capable of being used for transportation on the water.
Power-driven vessel - any vessel propelled by machinery
**Sailing vessel **- any vessel under sail provided any propelling machinery is not being used.
Underway - not at anchor, made fast to shore or aground
Inland Waters - navigable waters of the U.S. shoreward of the demarcation lines dividing the high seas from harbors and other inland waters.
Lookout “Rule 5”
Every vessel shall at all times be responsible for maintaing a proper look-out by **sight and hearing **as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions to avoid collision.
Ability to listen to fog signals or maneuvering signals from other boats.
Safe Speed “Rule 6”
Vessels shall at all times proceed at a safe speed taking into consideration visibility, traffic density, manoeurability of the vessel, background lights at night, state of wind, sea current, and proximity of navigational hazards.
Risk of Collision “Rule 7”
Vessels shall use all available means to determine if risk of collision exists. Risk of collision shall be deemed to exist if the compass bearing of an approaching vessel does not appreciably change.
Determine risk of collision “Rule 7”
In determining if risk of collision exists: Such risk shall exist if the compass bearing of an approaching vessel does not appreciably change.
Action to Avoid Collision “Rule 8”
- Shall be positive and made in ample time
- A change of direction and/or speed shall be large enough to be obvious to the other vessel
Narrow Channels “Rule 9”
Vessels should keep as close as pracitical to the starboard side of a channel or fairway. A vessel less than 20 meters, a sailing vessel or a fishing vessel shall not impede the passage of a vessel that can only safely navigate within a narrow channel or fairway.
Traffic Separation Schemes (TSS) “Rule 10”
Traffic separation schemes have been set up in areas where there is a heavy concentration of shipping. They act like a divided highway.
Vessels should:
- proceed in the appropriate traffic lane
- keep clear of traffic separation line
- Normally join or leave a traffic lane at the terminiation of the lane
- Avoid crossing, but if required to cross, it should be done at a right angle
Application of Stand on / Give way “Rule 11”
Action of Give Way vessel
- The give way vessel shall take early and substantial action to keep clear
Action by the Stand On vessel
- The stand on vessel must maintain course and speed.
- The stand on vessel may take action to avoid collision
Sailing vessels in sight of one another “Rule 12”
- A boat on port tack is the give way vessel
- A boat on a starboard tack is the stand on vessel
- When both boats have wind on the same side the windward boat is the give way vessel
Definition of Windward “Rule 12”
The windward side is opposite to the side the mainsail is carried.
When the mainsail is on port by definition the winward side is starboard.
When the mainsail is on starboard by definition the winward side is port
When two sailboats are approaching heaad on with wind on Opposite sides which vessel is the Give-Way & which is the Stand-On? “Rule 12”
Wind on the port side shall keep out of the way.
When two sailing vessels have teh wind on the same side which is the Give-Way Vessel? “Rule 12”
The vessel to windward keeps out of the way of the other.
Rule 12 Sailing Vessels
Rule 12 Sailing Vessels
Rule 12 Sailing Vessels
Rule 12 Sailing Vessels
Rule 12 Sailing Vessels
Overtaking “Rule 13”
Any vessel overtaking any other shall keep out of the way of the vessel being overtaken.
A vessel shall be deemed to be overtaking when coming up with another vessel from a direction more than 22.5 degrees abaft the beam.
Power driven vessels meeting head on “Rule 14”
When two power driven vessels are meeting head on both alter course to starboard.
Power driven vessels crossing “Rule 15”
When two power driven vessels are crossing, or converging, the vessel that has the other on the starboard side must give way.
- Give way to vessel on your starboard side
- Stand on to vessel on your port side
Action by give way vessel “Rule 16”
The Give-way vessel, is required if possible take early and substantial action to keep well clear.
**Give-way **- a term used for the vessel which is directed by rule to keep out of the way.
Action by stand-on vessel “Rule 17”
The stand-on vessel should maintain course and speed, however can take action to avoid collision.
- First step, Stand-on
- May alter (not to port for a vessel to port)
- Must keep clear, when action of give way vessel’s action alone cannot avoid collision.
**Stand-on **- term used for the vessel which is directed by rule to keep its course and speed.
Responsibilities between Vessels “Rule 18”
A power-driven vessel underway shall keep out of the way of:
- a vessel not under command
- a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre
- a vessel engaged in fishing
- a sailing vessel
A sailing vessel underway shall keep out of the way of:
- a vessel not under command
- a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre
- a vessel engaged in fishing
Conduct of vessels in restricted visibility “Rule 19”
Every vessel shall proceed at a safe speed adapted to the prevailing circumstanes and conditions of restricted visibility.
When altering course the following should be avoided:
- an alteration of course to port for a vessel forward of the beam, other than a vessel being overtaken
- an alteration of course towards a vessel abeam or abaft the beam
When operating in restricted visibility every vessel which hears the fog signal of another vessel forward of her beam shall:
- Reduce speed to a minimum
- If necessary take all way off
- Navigate with extreme caution until danger of collision is over
What lights does a sailing vessel underway show?
- A green light on the starboard side
- A red light on the port side
- A white light at the stern
What does this light sequence represent?
A sailing vessel Ahead
What does this light sequence represent?
A sailing vessel Port side light
What does this light sequence represent?
A sailing vessel Starboard side light
What does this light sequence represent?
A sailing or power driven vessel Astern light
What lights does a power driven vessel underway show?
A power driven vessel underway less than 50 m (164 ft) in lenght shows:
- White masthead light above the side lights
- Green starboard light
- Red port light
- White stern light
What does this light sequence represent?
A power driven vessel Ahead
What does this light sequence represent?
A power driven vessel Port Side light
What does this light sequence represent?
A power driven vessel Starboard side light
What lights does a power driven vessel show underway that is greater than 50 m in length?
- White Masthead light forward
- Second White Masthead light behind
- Green starboard light
- Red port light
What does this anchor light represent?
Vessel at anchor which is less than 50 m
What are the requirements for a vessel at anchor that is greater than 50 m?
- Show an all round white light
- Show a second all round white light near the stern
What does this anchor light represent?
Vessel at anchor greater than 50 m, starboard side
What does this anchor light represent?
Vessel at anchor greater than 50 m, port side
What does this day shape represent?
Anchored
What does this day shape represent?
Not under command
What does this day shape represent?
Aground
What does this day shape represent?
Restricted in ability to maneuver
What does this day shape represent?
Constrained by draft
What does this day shape represent?
Fishing
What does this flag represent?
Diving Operations
What does this day shape represent?
Motor Sailing
What does this day shape represent?
Towing
For sound signals what is considered a short and a prolonged horn blast?
- 1 second horn blast - short
- 4 - 6 second horn blast - prolonged
What is the sound signal in poor visibility for power underway, making way
Prolonged horn blast every 2 minutes
What is the sound signal for altering course to starboard?
One short horn blast
What is the sound signal for altering course to port?
Two short horn blasts
What is the sound signal for operating astern?
Three short horn blasts
What is the sound signal for I do not under stand your intentions/concern about collision?
5 short horn blasts or more
What is the sound signal for “ I intend to overtake you on your starboard side”
Two prolonged horn blasts followed by one short
What is the sound signal for “I intend to overtake on your port side”
Two prolonged horn blasts followed by two short horn blasts
What is the letter “A” flag?
Diving operations
Definitions Rule 32
Short blast versus long blast
What are the signals of Action ? “Rule 34”
Maneuvering and Warning
International
Meeting situation what warning signals are used “Rule 34”
Alter Course to Starboard and pass port to port.
When Nearing a bend or area where other vessels may be obscured what is the signal ? “Rule 34”
What is the warning signal when leaving a berth or dock (inland only) “Rule 34”
One prolonged blast
Restricted Visibility “Rule 35”
What is the day shape for sailing under power ?
Rule 15
Two Power Driven Vessels Crossing
The vessel which has the other on her starboard side shall keep out of the way.
On Great Lakes, Western Rivers a power-driven vessel crossing a river shall keep out of the way of a power-driven vessel ascending or descending the river.
US Inland Rules
Warning Signals that are different than international
Power-driven vessels within sight of each other and within half a mile when meeting are required to use whistle signals to communicate their action.
One short blast signifies “ I intend to pass on your port side”.
Two short blasts indicate “I intend to pass on your starboard side”
