Collision Regulations

Question 1

RULE1:
APPLICATION

Answer 1

a. Shall Apply to all vessels upon the high seas and in all waters connected therewith navigable by seagoing vessels.
b. Nothing in these rules shall interfere with the
operation of special rules made by appropriate authority.

Question 2

RULE 2:
Responsibility

Answer 2

a. ) Nothing in these Rules shall exonerate any vessel, or the owner, master or crew
thereof, from the consequences of any neglect to comply with these Rules
b. ) complying with these Rules due regard shall be had to all dangers of navigation and collision. May make departure from these Rules
necessary to avoid immediate danger.

Question 3

RULE 3:
General definitions

Answer 3

Vessel not under command:
through exceptional circumstances is unable to manoeuvre as required by rules.unable to keep out of way.
‘vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre:
the nature of her work is restricted in her ability to manoeuvre.
P- Picking,servicing,laying Nav marks,cables
D- Dredging,surveying,underwater operations
C- Cargo,transferring people, provisions UW
A- Aircraft recovery and launching
M- Mine clearance Operation
T- Towing operation
‘vessel constrained by her draught: means a power-driven vessel which because of her draught in relation to the available depth and width of navigable water,
is severely restricted in her ability to deviate from the course

Question 4

RULE 4:
Application

Answer 4

Rules in this section apply in any condition of visibility

Question 5

RULE 5:
Look-out

Answer 5

Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing as well as by all
available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions so as to make a full appraisal of the situation and of the risk of collision.

Question 6

RULE 6:
Safe speed

Answer 6

Every vessel shall at all times proceed at a safe speed so that she can take proper and effective action to avoid collision and be stopped within a distance appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions.
V- Visibility
D-Traffic density
M-Manouverbality
L-Lights scatter and backround
W-Weather proximity to hazards
D-Draught relation to available depth of water

Question 7

RULE 6:
Safe speed
Vessels with operational radar:

Answer 7

C- Characteristics efficiency and limitations
C- Constraints imposed radar scale
E- Effect of sea state,weather interference
P- Possibility small vessels, ice May not be
detected
N- Number, location and movement of vessels
M- More exact assesment

Question 8

RULE 7:
Risk of collision

Answer 8

a.) determine if risk of collision exists. If there is any doubt such risk shall be deemed to exist.
b) Proper use radar equipment, including long-range scanning to obtain early warning of risk of collision.
c) Assumptions shall not be made on the basis of scanty information, especially scanty radar
information.
d)following considerations shall be among those taken into account:
i) Such risk shall be deemed to exist if the compass bearing of an approaching vessel does
not appreciably change;
ii) such risk may sometimes exist even when an appreciable bearing change is evident,
particularly when approaching a very large vessel or a tow or when approaching a vessel
at close range.

Question 9

RULE 8:
Actions to avoid collision

Answer 9

(a) be positive, made in ample time and with due regard to the observance of good seamanship.
(b) Any alteration of course and/or speed be large enough to be readily apparent to another vessel. avoid small altercation
(c) alteration of course alone may be the most effective action to avoid a close-quarters situation doesn’t cause another close-quarters situation.
(d) Action taken to avoid collision with another vessel shall be such as to result in passing at a safe distance. The effectiveness of the action shall be carefully checked until the other vessel is finally past and clear.
(e) if necessary slacken her speed or take all the way off by stopping or reversing her means of propulsion.
(f) 1. not to impede the passage or safe
take early action to allow sufficient sea room for the safe passage of the other vessel.
2. A vessel required not to impede the passage or safe passage of another vessel is not
relieved of this obligation if approaching the other vessel so as to involve risk of collision
and shall, when taking action, have full regard to the action which may be required by
the Rules of this part.
3. A vessel the passage of which is not to be impeded remains fully obliged to comply with
the rules of this part when the two vessels are approaching one another so as to involve
risk of collision.

Question 10

Rule 9:
Narrow Channels

Answer 10

(a) keep as near to theouter limit of the channel or fairway which lies on her starboard side as is safe and practicable.
(b) A vessel of less than 20 metres in length, sailing vessel shall not impede the passage of a
vessel
(c) A vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede the passage of any other vessel
(d) A vessel shall not cross a narrow channel or fairway if such crossing impedes the passageof another vessel
(e) (i) vessel intending to overtake
shall indicate her intention by sounding the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule
34(c)(i). The vessel to be overtaken shall, if in agreement, sound the appropriate signal
prescribed in Rule 34(c)(ii) and take steps to permit safe passing. If in doubt she may
sound the signals prescribed in Rule 34(d).
(ii) This Rule does not relieve the overtaking vessel of her obligation under Rule 13.
(f) A vessel nearing a bend or an area of a
may be obscured by an intervening obstruction shall navigate with particular alertness
and caution and shall sound the appropriate signal prescribed in Rule 34(e).
(g) Any vessel shall avoid anchoring in a narrow channel.
Golf: – – - Zulu: – – - - Charlie – - – -

Question 11

RULE 10:
TSS

Answer 11

(a) This Rule Applies to traffic separation schemes adopted by the Organization
(b)(i) proceed in the appropriate traffic lane in the general direction of traffic flow
(ii) so far as practicable keep clear of a traffic separation zone;
(iii) normally join or leave a traffic lane at the termination of the lane, joining or leaving small as an angle to the general direction of traffic
flow as practicable.
(c) avoid crossing traffic lanes, but if obliged to do so shall cross on a heading as nearly as practicable at right angles
(d)
(i) A vessel shall not use an inshore traffic zone However, vessels of less than 20 meters in length, sailing vessels and vessels engaged in fishing may use the inshore traffic
zone. (i), a vessel may use an inshore traffic zone when en route to or from a port, offshore installation or structure, pilot station or any other place
situated within the inshore traffic zone, or to avoid immediate danger.
(e) should not cross a separation zone or cross a separation line except:
(i) in cases of emergency to avoid immediate danger;
(ii) to engage in fishing within a separation zone.
(f) vessels near the terminations of traffic separation schemes shall do so with
particular caution.
(g) avoid anchoring in a traffic separation scheme or in areas near its terminations.
(h) A vessel not using a traffic separation scheme shall avoid it by as wide a margin as is practicable.
(i) A vessel engaged in fishing shall not impede the passage of any vessel following a traffic lane.
(j) A vessel of less than 20 meters in length or a sailing vessel shall not impede the safe passage of a power-driven vessel following a traffic lane.
(k) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre when engaged in an operation for the maintenance of safety of navigation in a traffic separation scheme is exempted from complying with this Rule to the extent necessary to carry out the operation.
(l) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre when engaged in an operation for the laying,
servicing or picking up of a submarine cable, within a traffic separation scheme, is exempted from complying with this Rule to the extent necessary to carry out the operation.

Question 12

RULE 11:
Application

Answer 12

Applies to vessels in sight of one another

Question 13

RULE 12:
Sailing vessels

Answer 13

(i) when each has the wind on a different side, the vessel which has the wind on the port
side shall keep out of the way of the other;
(ii) when both have the wind on the same side, the vessel which is to windward shall keep
out of the way of the vessel which is to leeward;
(iii) if a vessel with the wind on the port side sees a vessel to windward and cannot
determine with certainty whether the other vessel has the wind on the port or on the
starboard side, she shall keep out of the way of the other.

Question 14

RULE 13:
Overtaking

Answer 14

(a) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Rules of Part B, Sections I and II any vessel overtaking any other shall keep out of the way of the vessel being overtaken.
(b) A vessel shall be deemed to be overtaking when coming up with another vessel from a direction more than 22.5 degrees abaft her beam, at night she would be able to see only the sternlight of that vessel but neither of her
sidelights.
(c) When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether she is overtaking another, she shall assume that this is the case and act accordingly.
(d) Any subsequent alteration of the bearing between the two vessels shall not make the overtaking vessel a crossing vessel within the meaning of these Rules or relieve her of the duty of keeping clear of the overtaken vessel until she is finally past and clear.

Question 15

RULE 14:
Head on Situation

Answer 15

(a) When two power-driven vessels are meeting on reciprocal or nearly reciprocal courses so as to involve risk of collision each shall alter her course to starboard so that each shall pass on the port to port
(b) Such a situation shall be deemed to exist when a vessel sees the other ahead or nearly ahead and by night she could see the masthead lights of the other in a line or nearly in a line and/or both sidelights and by day she observes the corresponding aspect of the other vessel.
(c) When a vessel is in any doubt as to whether such a situation exists she shall assume that it does exist and act accordingly.

Question 16

RULE 15:
Crossing situation

Answer 16

When two power-driven vessels are crossing so as to involve risk of collision, the vessel which has the other on her own starboard side shall keep out of the way and shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, avoid crossing ahead of the other vessel.

Question 17

RULE 16:
Action by Give-way Vessel

Answer 17

Every vessel which is directed to keep out of the way of another vessel shall, so far as possible, take early and substantial action to keep well clear.

Question 18

RULE 17:
Action by Stand-on Vessel

Answer 18

(a)
(i) Where one of two vessels is to keep out of the way the other shall keep her course and
speed.
(ii) The latter vessel may however take action to avoid collision by her manoeuvre alone, as
soon as it becomes apparent to her that the vessel required to keep out of the way is
not taking appropriate action in compliance with these Rules.
(b) When, from any cause, the vessel required to keep her course and speed finds herself so close that collision cannot be avoided by the action of the give-way vessel alone, she shall take such action as will best aid to avoid collision.
(c) A power-driven vessel which takes action in a crossing situation in accordance with sub-paragraph
(a)(ii) of this Rule to avoid collision with another power-driven vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, not alter course to port for a vessel on her own port side.
(d) This Rule does not relieve the give-way vessel of her obligation to keep out of the way

Question 19

RULE 18:
Responsibilities between Vessels

Answer 19

Except where Rules 9, 10 and 13 otherwise require:
(a) A power-driven vessel underway shall keep out of the way of:
(i) a vessel not under command;
(ii) a vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre;
(iii) a vessel engaged in fishing;
(iv) a sailing vessel.

Question 20

RULE 19:
Conduct of vessels in restricted visibility

Answer 20

(a) This Rule applies to vessels not in sight of one another when navigating in or near an area of restricted visibility.
(b) Every vessel shall proceed at a safe speed A power-driven vessel shall have engines ready for immediate manoeuvre.
(c) Every vessel shall have due regard to the prevailing circumstances and conditions of Section I of this Part.
(d) shall determine if a closequarters situation is developing and/or risk of collision exists. If so, she shall take avoiding action in ample time, provided that when such action consists of an alteration of course, so far as possible the
following shall be avoided:
(i) an alteration of course to port for a vessel forward of the beam, other than for a vessel
being overtaken;
(ii) an alteration of course towards a vessel abeam or abaft the beam.
(e) Except where it has been determined that a risk of collision does not exist, every vessel which hears apparently forward of her beam the fog signal of another vessel, or which cannot avoid a close quarters situation with another vessel forward of her beam, shall reduce her speed to the minimum at which she can be kept on her course. She shall if necessary take all her way off and in any event navigate with extreme caution until danger of collision is over.