Collins Reading Unit 1 - 3 Flashcards
Obliged
to have an obligation
Estate
all the money and property that a person owns, especially everything that is left when they die
Deceased
Dead!
Outings
a trip that you go on for pleasure or education, usually with a group of people and lasting no more than one day
SYNONYM excursion
Excursion
a short journey made for pleasure, especially one that has been organized for a group of people
Prams
a small vehicle on four wheels for a baby to go out in, pushed by a person on foot
Kin
family and relatives
Cornerstone
- the most important part of something that the rest depends on
- The cornerstone of something is the basic part of it on which its existence, success, or truth depends.
Premise(noun)
- A statement or an idea that forms the basis for a reasonable line of argumenta
- A statement that is assumed to be true and is used as a basis for an argument
فرضیه
Cohabitation
the state of living with another person and having a sexual relationship with them without being married
Conventional families
Normal families
Outmoded(Adj)
no longer fashionable or useful
Devise(V)
If you devise a plan, system, or machine, you have the idea for it and design it
Synonyms: work out, plan, form, design
Perceive(V)
to understand or think of somebody/something in a particular way
SYNONYM see
Correspond(v)
- to be the same as or match something
correspond to something: The written record of the conversation doesn’t correspond to (= is different from) what was actually said. - to write letters or emails, etc. to somebody and receive letters or emails, etc. from them
Corresponding(adj)
matching or connected with something that you have just mentioned
SYNONYM equivalent
yet(adverb)
- used in negative sentences and questions to talk about something that has not happened but that you expect to happen
- used to emphasize an increase in number or amount or the number of times something happens
yet more… snow, snow and yet more snow
yet another… yet another diet book
yet again Prices were cut yet again (= once more, after many other times). - used to emphasize that something is the best, longest, etc. thing of its kind made, produced, written, etc. until now/then
It was the tallest building yet constructed anywhere. - (used in negative sentences)
now; as soon as this
We don’t need to start yet.
-
I daresay
used when you are saying that something is likely
I dare say you know about it already.
Bear(V)
- to be able to accept and deal with something unpleasant
- The pain was almost more than he could bear.
- to take responsibility for something
- Do parents have to bear the whole cost of tuition fees?
- to support the weight of somebody/something
- The ice is too thin to bear your weight.
Envisaged(V)
- (especially British English)
(North American English usually envision) - to imagine what will happen in the future
- What level of profit do you envisage?
Lime(noun)
آهک
Plaster(noun)
- a white powder that is mixed with water and becomes very hard when it dries, used especially for making copies of statues or holding broken bones in place
- in plaster (British English): She broke her leg a month ago and it’s still in plaster.
stethoscope
an instrument that a doctor uses to listen to somebody’s heart and breathing
Hollow(Adj)
- having a hole or empty space inside
Synonyms: empty, vacant, void, unfilled - A hollow is an area that is lower than the surrounding surface. (noun)
- If you describe a statement, situation, or person as hollow, you mean they have no real value, worth, or effectiveness.
Hallow
to make holy or sacred
Consecrate
When a building, place, or object is consecrated, it is officially declared to be holy
bishop
راهب و اسقف
in chess: فیل
Scald(v)
Scald(Noun)
-(v) If you scald yourself, you burn yourself with very hot liquid or steam.
- (n) A scald is a burn caused by very hot liquid or steam.
Persuade(v)
- If you persuade someone to do something, you cause them to do it by giving them good reasons for doing it.
Synonyms: talk (someone) into, advise
ترغیب کردن متقاعد کردن
Pursuit(noun)
- Your pursuit of something is your attempts at achieving it دستیابی
- Someone who is in pursuit of a person, vehicle, or animal is chasing them.
Relent(v)
- ## If you relent, you allow someone to do something that you had previously refused to allow them to do. تسلیم شدن
Relentless(adj)
- Something bad that is relentless never stops or never becomes less intense.
- Someone who is relentless is determined to do something and refuses to give up, even if what they are doing is unpleasant or cruel.
Diminish(v)
- When something diminishes, or when something diminishes it, it becomes reduced in size, importance, or intensity.
Synonyms: reduce, cut, decrease, lessen - If you diminish someone or something, you talk about them or treat them in a way that makes them appear less important than they really are.
- He could no longer cope; he relied on me, and felt diminished by it.
Sustain(v)
- If you sustain something, you continue it or maintain it for a period of time.
Synonyms: maintain, continue, keep up, tolerate
Prolong(v)
- To prolong something means to make it last longer.
Synonyms: lengthen, continue
Perpetuate(v)
- If someone or something perpetuates a situation, system, or belief, especially a bad one, they cause it to continue.
- This image is a myth perpetuated by the media.
- We must not perpetuate the religious divisions of the past.
تداوم یافتن
Preserve (v)
- If you preserve a situation or condition, you make sure that it remains as it is, and does not change or end. حفظ و نگهداری
- preserver(n) : keeper
Retain(v)
- To retain something means to continue to have that thing.
Commission(v)(n)
- If you commission something or commission someone to do something, you formally arrange for someone to do a piece of work for you.
- The Ministry of Agriculture commissioned a study into low-input farming.
Synonyms: appoint, order - A commission is a piece of work that someone is asked to do and is paid for.
- Just a few days ago, I finished a commission.
- Commission is a sum of money paid to a sales person or paying a fee
Fatal(adj)
Fatalities(n)
Synonyms: disastrous, devastating, crippling, lethal
Noun:
- an accident or disaster resulting in death
- a person killed in an accident or disaster
Devastating(adj)
Devastate(v)
Adjective:
- If you describe something as devastating, you are emphasizing that it is very harmful or damaging ویرانگر
Verb:
If something devastates an area or a place, it damages it very badly or destroys it totally.
Ignorance(n)
Ignorant(adj)
Noun:
- Ignorance of something is lack of knowledge about it.
Adjective:
Synonyms: uninformed of, unaware of, oblivious to, blind to جاهل
Asthma(n)
آسم
Oblivion(n)
Oblivious(adj)
Noun:
- Oblivion is the state of not being aware of what is happening around you, for example because you are asleep or unconscious.
Adjective:
If you are oblivious to something or oblivious of it, you are not aware of it.
Synonyms: unaware, unconscious, ignorant, regardless
* Burke was asleep, sprawled obliviously against the window
Sprawl(v)
sprawled(Adj)
Verb:
If you sprawl somewhere, you sit or lie down with your legs and arms spread out in a careless way.
welfare(n)
- The welfare of a person or group is their health, comfort, and happiness
- welfare benefits : financial assistance, security payment.
Prosperity(n)
- Prosperity is a condition in which a person or community is doing well financially.
Prosperous(Adj)
- Prosperous people, places, and economies are rich and successful.
Hinder(V)
- If something hinders you, it makes it more difficult for you to do something or make progress.
- Further investigation was hindered by the loss of all documentation on the case.
Squalor (n)
- You can refer to very dirty, unpleasant conditions as squalor.
- He was out of work and living in squalor.
Scrounge (v)
Scrounger (n)
Verb:
If you say that someone scrounges something such as food or money, you disapprove of them because they get it by asking for it, rather than by buying it or earning it.
Noun:
A person who borrows and lives off others.
Proactive (Adj)
- Proactive actions are intended to cause changes, rather than just reacting to change.
- Proactive approach to a particular situation.
Settlement(n)
- A settlement is a place where people have come to live and have built homes.
- The settlement of a debt is the act of paying back money that you owe.
- A settlement is an official agreement between two sides who were involved in a conflict or argument.
Dispute (n)
- A dispute is an argument or disagreement between people or groups.
Communal (Adj)
- You use communal to describe something that is shared by a group of people.
- Communal means relating to particular groups in a country or society.
Settle (v)
- If people settle an argument or problem, or if something settles it, they solve it, for example by making a decision about who is right or about what to do.
- They agreed to try to settle their dispute by negotiation.
Synonyms: resolve, work out, remedy, reconcile
Pear (n)
گلابی
sole (adj)
alone
Mane (n)
یال
Reconcile (v)
- If you are reconciled with someone, you become friendly with them again after a quarrel or disagreement.
- If you reconcile two beliefs, facts, or demands that seem to be opposed or completely different, you find a way in which they can both be true or both be successful.
Conciliation (noun)
- Conciliation is willingness to end a disagreement or the process of ending a disagreement.
Appeasement (n)
Appeasement means giving people what they want to prevent them from harming you or being angry with you.
Glossary (n)
- a list of difficult, technical, or foreign terms with definitions or translations, as for some particular author, field of knowledge, etc., often included in alphabetical listing at the end of a textbook
Maternity (adj)
- Maternity is used to describe things relating to the help and medical care given to a woman when she is pregnant and when she gives birth.
- Maternity is the state of being a mother.
Sedentary (adj)
- Someone who has a sedentary lifestyle or job sits down a lot of the time and does not take much exercise.
- Sedentary employment
Deprive (v)
Deprived (adj)
verb:
- If you deprive someone of something that they want or need, you take it away from them, or you prevent them from having it.
adj:
- Deprived people or people from deprived areas do not have the things that people consider to be essential in life, for example acceptable living conditions or education.
A compass
پرگار
A protractor
نقاله
senior school
high school
Lectern (n)
- A lectern is a high sloping desk on which someone puts their notes when they are standing up and giving a lecture.
slope (n)
sloping (n)
شیب
شیب دار
Boarding school
مدرسه شبانه روزی
Revise (v)
Revision (n)
Synonyms : Reconsider - review -change
Blow
- moving of air
- strike
Impulse (v)
- sudden desire to do something
Expelled (v)
- fired
- Suspend (v)
- If you suspend something, you delay it or stop it from happening for a while or until a decision is made about it.
Cater (v)
to provide all thing that someone needs
Howl (v)
to cry or to make loud and unpleasant sound
glowing CV or Report …
رزومه یا گزارش درخشان
hit a brick wall (idiom)
to face an insuperable obstacle
Insuperable (adj)
- Impossible to overcome
Invincible (adj)
- Impossible to defeat
Vicious (adj)
- Synonyms: savage, brutal, violent, bad, wicked
Vigorous (adj)
- strong and healthy
Flourish (v)
- to grow or develop in a vigorous way
Hustle (v)
- If you hustle someone, you try to make them go somewhere or do something quickly, for example by pulling or pushing them along.
Synonyms: jostle, force, push, crowd
Hustle and bustle
- very crowded and noisy
deliberate (v)
- done consciously and intentionally
حساب شده
deliberately (Adj)
- with intention
عمدا
Truant (n)
- A truant is a pupil who stays away from school without permission.
Distress (n)
- occurs when stress is severe or prolonged
set-out
started
debut (n)
- first performance or appearance
levy (n)
- A levy is a sum of money that you have to pay, for example as a tax to the government.
- Synonyms: tax, fee, toll, tariff
- Tab (n)
- A tab is a small piece of cloth or paper that is attached to something, usually with information about that thing written on it
Synonyms: flap, tag, label, ticket - total cost of goods or services that you have to pay
Partial / full grants
- financial aid
Written off (v)
dismissed
Undermine (v)
- to weaken or sabotage or compromise sth
a handful of
- small number of
Assertion (n)
- Allegation
Assess (v)
Assessment (n)
ارزیابی کردن و ارزیابی
Vanish (v)
- to disapear
