Collectivisation

Question 1

Impact of collectivisation statistics

Answer 1

1.8 million individuals were deported
400,000 voluntarily moved
390,000 sent to labour camps
21,000 were shot
10 million peasants died as a result

Question 2

Why could collectivisation be viewed as another form of serfdom

Answer 2

Anyone who stole from the collective could be jailed.
Internal passports produced to prevent peasants fleeing famine.

Question 3

Successes of collectivisation

Answer 3

Increase in grain production from 71-83 million tonnes
Removed 1.8 million kulaks from society.

Question 4

Failures of collectivisation

Answer 4

Famine followed shortly after
Peasants to kill their livestock as too much too quick

Question 5

What were Kolkhozes?

Answer 5

Combination of small individual farms together
Communal fields
Had to deliver 40% quota
Internal passports

Question 6

What were Sovkhozes?

Answer 6

Smaller number of farms run as state farms
Examples of socialist agriculture at ‘highest order’
Labourers classed as workers rather than peasants

Question 7

The Holodomor

Answer 7

Death toll 3.9 million
Ukrainian peasants exiled and executed
Set targets beyond capabilities
Long term impacts- resettlement

Question 8

How did dekulakisation begin?

Answer 8

In 1929 Stalin called for ‘resolute offensive against the kulaks’
Deportation
Early show trials.